Mesleki Özdeşleşmenin Psikolojik Dayanıklılığa Etkisinde Öz Yeterliliğin Aracı Rolü: Turist Rehberlerine Yönelik Bir Uygulama
Year 2021,
Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 263 - 279, 15.06.2021
Ezgi Kırıcı Tekeli
,
Mehmet Tekeli
,
Aziz Gökhan Özkoç
Abstract
Psikolojik dayanıklılık turist rehberliği gibi çalışma şartları ağır olan mesleklerde öne çıkan bir kavramdır. Psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeyini etkileyen birçok faktör bulunmaktadır. Mesleki özdeşleşme ve öz yeterlilik bu faktörler arasında önemli bir yer teşkil etmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, mesleki özdeşleşmenin psikolojik dayanıklılığa etkisinde öz yeterliliğin aracı rolünü ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamda kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmış ve Nevşehir Rehberler Odası’na bağlı profesyonel turist rehberlerinden toplam 256 anket toplanmıştır. Aracı etkinin olup olmadığı yapısal eşitlik modeli ile ortaya koyulmuş ve bootstrap testi ile anlamlılık düzeyi incelenmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, mesleki özdeşlemenin hem psikolojik dayanıklılık hem de öz yeterlilik üzerinde, öz yeterliliğin ise psikolojik dayanıklılık üzerinde olumlu bir etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca mesleki özdeşleşmenin psikolojik dayanıklılık üzerindeki etkisinde öz yeterliliğin aracı etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, teorik ve pratik katkılar dikkate alınarak tartışılmıştır.
References
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- Gushue, G. V., Clarke, C. P., Pantzer, K. M., & Scanlan, K. R. (2006). Self‐efficacy, Perceptions of Barriers, Vocational Identity, and the Career Exploration Behavior of Latino/A High School Students, The Career Development Quarterly, 54(4), 307-317.
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- Keye, M. D. & Pidgeon, A. M. (2013). Investigation of the Relationship Between Resilience, Mindfulness and Academic Self-Efficacy, Open Journal of Social Sciences, 1(6), 1-4.
- Kirk, J. & Wall, C. (2010). Resilience and Loss in Work Identities: A Narrative Analysis of Some Retired Teachers’ Work‐Life Histories, British Educational Research Journal, 36(4), 627-641.
- Klag, S. & Bradley, G. (2004). The Role of Hardiness in Stress and Illness: An Exploration of the Effect of Negative Affectivity and Gender, British Journal of Health Psychology, 9, 137-161
- Kline, R. B. (2010). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, The Guilford Press, New York.
- Koballa, T. R. & Crawley, F. E. (1985). The Influence of Attitude on Science Teaching and Learning, School Science and Mathematics, 85(3), 222-232.
- Kobasa, S. C. (1979). Personality and Resistance to Illness, American Journal of Community Psychology, 7(4), 413-423.
- Kobasa, S., Maddi, S. R. & Kahn, S. (1982). Hardiness and Health: A Prospective Study, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 168-177.
- Komarraju, M. & Dial, C. (2014). Academic Identity, Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem Predict Self-Determined Motivation and Goals, Learning and Individual Differences, 32, 1–8.
- Lim, S. H. & Han, S. S. (2016). A Predictive Model on North Korean Refugees' Adaptation to South Korean Society: Resilience in Response to Psychological Trauma, Asian Nursing Research, 10(2), 164-172.
- Loi, R., Hang-Yue, N. & Foley, S. (2004). The Effect of Professional Identification on Job Attitudes: A Study of Lawyers in Hong Kong, Organizational Analysis, 12(2), 109-128.
- Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., Norman, S. & Combs, G. (2006). Psychological Capital Development: Toward A Micro-Intervention, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27, 387–393.
- Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M. & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological Capital: Developing the Human Competitive Edge, Oxford University Press, New York.
- Maddi, S. R. & Khoshaba, D. M. (2001). Personal Views Survey, Hardiness Institute.
- Maddi, S. R., Harvey, R. H., Khoshaba, D. M., Lu, J. L., Persico, M. & Brow, M. (2006). The Personality Construct of Hardiness, III: Relationships With Repression, Innovativeness, Authoritarianism and Performance, Journal of Personality, 74(2), 575-598.
- Mael, F. & Ashforth, B. E. (1992). Alumni and Their Alma Mater: A Partial Test of the Reformulated Model of Organizational Identification, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 103-123.
- Margolis, H. & Mccabe, P. P. (2003). Self-Efficacy A Key to Improving the Motivation of Struggling Learners, Preventing School Failure, 47(4), 162-169.
- McCauley, D. M., Weymouth, B. B., Feinberg, M. E. & Fosco, G. M. (2019). Evaluating School and Peer Protective Factors in the Effects of Interparental Conflict on Adolescent Threat Appraisals and Self-efficacy, Journal of Adolescence, 71, 28-37.
- Pajares, F. (1996). Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Academic Settings. Review of Educational Research, 66(4), 543-578.
- Pajares, F. (2002). Overview of Social Cognitive Theory and Self-Efficacy. Erişim adresi: https://www.uky.edu/~eushe2/Pajares/eff.html (Erişim Tarihi: 10 Haziran 2020).
- Sample Size Calculator. Erişim adresi: https://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm (5 Temmuz 2020).
- Schwarzer, R. & Warner, L. M. (2013). Perceived Self-efficacy and Its Relationship to Resilience, S. Prince-Embury & D. H. Saklofske (Ed.), In Resilience in Children, Adolescents and Adults (pp. 139-150), Springer, New York.
- Shekarey, A., Amiri, F. & Sedaghat Rostami, M. (2010). The Relation of Self-Efficacy and Hardiness with the Education Progression Among the Sophomore Girl Students in A High School in Aleshtar City, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 1905-1910.
- Trybou, J., Gemmel, P., Pauwels, Y., Henninck, C. & Clays, E. (2013). The Impact of Organizational Support and Leader–Member Exchange on the Work-related Behaviour of Nursing Professionals: The Moderating Effect of Professional and Organizational Identification, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 70(2), 373-382.
- Vieira, V. A., Perin, M. G. & Sampaio, C. H. (2018). The Moderating Effect of Managers' Leadership Behavior on Salespeople's Self-Efficacy, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 40, 150-162.
- Walumbwa, F. O. & Hartnell, C. A. (2011). Understanding Transformational Leadership–Employee Performance Links: The Role of Relational Identification and Self-Efficacy, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84(1), 153-172.
- Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J. & Zhu, W. (2008). How Transformational Leadership Weaves Its Influence on Individual Job Performance: The Role of Identification and Efficacy Beliefs, Personnel Psychology, 61(4), 793-825.
- Wood, V. M. & Charbonneau, D. (2018). Gender, Self-Efficacy and Warrior Identification in Canadian Army Personnel, Journal of Gender Studies, 27(7), 747-758.
Year 2021,
Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 263 - 279, 15.06.2021
Ezgi Kırıcı Tekeli
,
Mehmet Tekeli
,
Aziz Gökhan Özkoç
References
- Arslan, G. (2015). Ergenlerde Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Bireysel Koruyucu Faktörlerin Rolü, Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 5(44), 73-82.
- Ashforth, B. E. & Mael, F. (1989). Social Identity Theory and the Organization, Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20-39.
- Ashforth, B. E., Joshi, M., Anand, V. & O'Leary‐Kelly, A. M. (2013). Extending the Expanded Model of Organizational Identification to Occupations, Journal of Applied Social
Psychology, 43(12), 2426-2448.
- Bandura, A. & Locke, E. A. (2003). Negative Self-Efficacy and Goal Effects Revisited, Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 87-99.
- Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundation of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs.
- Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy, V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Human Behavior (pp. 71-81), Academic Press, New York.
- Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control, Freeman Barbuto, New York.
- Cameron, J. E., Voth, J., Jaglal, S. B., Guilcher, S. J., Hawker, G. & Salbach, N. M. (2018). “In this together”: Social Identification Predicts Health Outcomes (via self-efficacy) in A Chronic Disease Self-management Program, Social Science & Medicine, 208, 172-179.
- Caricati, L., Panari, C. & Melleri, M. (2020). Group Identification and Self‐efficacy Associated with Quality of Life in Emergency Medical Services Volunteers: A Cross‐sectional Investigation, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 50, 476-488.
- Çolakoğlu, O. E., Efendi, E. & Epik, F. (2014). Tur Yönetimi ve Turist Rehberliği, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
- Eisele, H. & Stake, J. (2008). The Differential Relationship of Feminist Attitudes and Feminist Identity to Self-Efficacy, Psychology of Women Quarterly, 32, 233–244.
- Erdoğan, İ. (1980). İşletmelerde Kişi Değerlemede Psikoteknik, Üçdal Neşriyat, İstanbul.
- Fallatah, F., Laschinger, H. K. & Read, E. A. (2017). The Effects of Authentic Leadership, Organizational Identification, and Occupational Coping Self-Efficacy on New Graduate Nurses' Job Turnover Intentions in Canada, Nursing Outlook, 65(2), 172-183.
- Finn, K. V. & Frone, M. R. (2004). Academic Performance and Cheating: Moderating Role of School Identification and Self-Efficacy, The Journal Of Educational Research, 97(3), 115-121.
- Flannagan, J. S. (2007). A Study of Student Achievement Based on Autonomous Learning and Self-Efficacy, (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation), Regent University, Virginia.
- Foote, N. N. (1951). Identification As the Basis for A Theory of Motivation, American Sociology Review, 16(1), 14-21.
- Foreman, P. & Whetten, D. A. (2002). Members' Identification with Multiple-Identity Organizations, Organization Science, 13(6), 618-635.
- Garmezy, N. (1991). Resiliency and Vulnerability to Adverse Developmental Outcomesassociated with Poverty, American Behavioral Scientist, 34(4), 416-430.
- Gushue, G. V., Clarke, C. P., Pantzer, K. M., & Scanlan, K. R. (2006). Self‐efficacy, Perceptions of Barriers, Vocational Identity, and the Career Exploration Behavior of Latino/A High School Students, The Career Development Quarterly, 54(4), 307-317.
- Hanton, S., Evans, L. & Neil, R. (2003). Hardiness and the Competitive Trait Anxiety Response, Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 16(2), 167-184.
- Harris, G. E. & Cameron, J. E. (2005). Multiple Dimensions of Organizational Identification and Commitment As Predictors of Turnover Intentions and Psychological Well-Being. Canadian, Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement, 37(3), 159-169.
- Hirschi, A. (2012). Callings and Work Engagement: Moderated, Occupational Identity and Occupational Self-Efficacy, Journal of Counseling Psychology, 59(3), 479-485.
- Hsiao, B., Zhu, Y. Q. & Chen, L. Y. (2017). Untangling the Relationship Between Internet Anxiety and Internet Identification in Students: The Role of Internet Self-efficacy, Information Research: An International Electronic Journal, 22(2), 1-17.
- Jerusalem, M. & Schwarzer, R. (1979). The General Self-efficacy Scale.
- Just, H. D. (1999). Hardiness: Is It Still A Valid Concept?, (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation), St. Edwards University, Texas.
- Kalemci Tüzün, İ., Çetin, F. & Basım, H. N. (2014). Çalışanların Özdeşleşme Kaynaklarının Psikolojik Dayanıklılık ve İş Performansıyla Etkileşimleri, 2. Örgütsel Davranış Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı içinde (s. 377-382), Kayseri.
- Kavi, E. & Karakale, B. (2018). Çalışan Psikolojisi Açısından Psikolojik Dayanıklılık, Hak-İş Uluslararası Emek ve Toplum Dergisi, 7(17), 55-77.
- Keye, M. D. & Pidgeon, A. M. (2013). Investigation of the Relationship Between Resilience, Mindfulness and Academic Self-Efficacy, Open Journal of Social Sciences, 1(6), 1-4.
- Kirk, J. & Wall, C. (2010). Resilience and Loss in Work Identities: A Narrative Analysis of Some Retired Teachers’ Work‐Life Histories, British Educational Research Journal, 36(4), 627-641.
- Klag, S. & Bradley, G. (2004). The Role of Hardiness in Stress and Illness: An Exploration of the Effect of Negative Affectivity and Gender, British Journal of Health Psychology, 9, 137-161
- Kline, R. B. (2010). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, The Guilford Press, New York.
- Koballa, T. R. & Crawley, F. E. (1985). The Influence of Attitude on Science Teaching and Learning, School Science and Mathematics, 85(3), 222-232.
- Kobasa, S. C. (1979). Personality and Resistance to Illness, American Journal of Community Psychology, 7(4), 413-423.
- Kobasa, S., Maddi, S. R. & Kahn, S. (1982). Hardiness and Health: A Prospective Study, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 168-177.
- Komarraju, M. & Dial, C. (2014). Academic Identity, Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem Predict Self-Determined Motivation and Goals, Learning and Individual Differences, 32, 1–8.
- Lim, S. H. & Han, S. S. (2016). A Predictive Model on North Korean Refugees' Adaptation to South Korean Society: Resilience in Response to Psychological Trauma, Asian Nursing Research, 10(2), 164-172.
- Loi, R., Hang-Yue, N. & Foley, S. (2004). The Effect of Professional Identification on Job Attitudes: A Study of Lawyers in Hong Kong, Organizational Analysis, 12(2), 109-128.
- Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., Norman, S. & Combs, G. (2006). Psychological Capital Development: Toward A Micro-Intervention, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27, 387–393.
- Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M. & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological Capital: Developing the Human Competitive Edge, Oxford University Press, New York.
- Maddi, S. R. & Khoshaba, D. M. (2001). Personal Views Survey, Hardiness Institute.
- Maddi, S. R., Harvey, R. H., Khoshaba, D. M., Lu, J. L., Persico, M. & Brow, M. (2006). The Personality Construct of Hardiness, III: Relationships With Repression, Innovativeness, Authoritarianism and Performance, Journal of Personality, 74(2), 575-598.
- Mael, F. & Ashforth, B. E. (1992). Alumni and Their Alma Mater: A Partial Test of the Reformulated Model of Organizational Identification, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 103-123.
- Margolis, H. & Mccabe, P. P. (2003). Self-Efficacy A Key to Improving the Motivation of Struggling Learners, Preventing School Failure, 47(4), 162-169.
- McCauley, D. M., Weymouth, B. B., Feinberg, M. E. & Fosco, G. M. (2019). Evaluating School and Peer Protective Factors in the Effects of Interparental Conflict on Adolescent Threat Appraisals and Self-efficacy, Journal of Adolescence, 71, 28-37.
- Pajares, F. (1996). Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Academic Settings. Review of Educational Research, 66(4), 543-578.
- Pajares, F. (2002). Overview of Social Cognitive Theory and Self-Efficacy. Erişim adresi: https://www.uky.edu/~eushe2/Pajares/eff.html (Erişim Tarihi: 10 Haziran 2020).
- Sample Size Calculator. Erişim adresi: https://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm (5 Temmuz 2020).
- Schwarzer, R. & Warner, L. M. (2013). Perceived Self-efficacy and Its Relationship to Resilience, S. Prince-Embury & D. H. Saklofske (Ed.), In Resilience in Children, Adolescents and Adults (pp. 139-150), Springer, New York.
- Shekarey, A., Amiri, F. & Sedaghat Rostami, M. (2010). The Relation of Self-Efficacy and Hardiness with the Education Progression Among the Sophomore Girl Students in A High School in Aleshtar City, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 1905-1910.
- Trybou, J., Gemmel, P., Pauwels, Y., Henninck, C. & Clays, E. (2013). The Impact of Organizational Support and Leader–Member Exchange on the Work-related Behaviour of Nursing Professionals: The Moderating Effect of Professional and Organizational Identification, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 70(2), 373-382.
- Vieira, V. A., Perin, M. G. & Sampaio, C. H. (2018). The Moderating Effect of Managers' Leadership Behavior on Salespeople's Self-Efficacy, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 40, 150-162.
- Walumbwa, F. O. & Hartnell, C. A. (2011). Understanding Transformational Leadership–Employee Performance Links: The Role of Relational Identification and Self-Efficacy, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84(1), 153-172.
- Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J. & Zhu, W. (2008). How Transformational Leadership Weaves Its Influence on Individual Job Performance: The Role of Identification and Efficacy Beliefs, Personnel Psychology, 61(4), 793-825.
- Wood, V. M. & Charbonneau, D. (2018). Gender, Self-Efficacy and Warrior Identification in Canadian Army Personnel, Journal of Gender Studies, 27(7), 747-758.