İş-Aile Çatışmasının Öncülleri ve Sonuçları: Kadın Otel Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Fadime Görmez; Mert Gürlek

Research Article

Antecedents and Consequences of Work-Family Conflict: A Study on Women Hotel Employees

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 495 - 516, 19.12.2022

Fadime Görmez , Mert Gürlek

Abstract

This study aims to reveal the antecedents and consequences of work-family conflict experienced by women hotel employees. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used in the analysis of the research data. The population of the research consists of women employees working in 5-star hotels operating in Antalya. Convenience sampling method was used within the scope of the research. During the data collection process, 511 usable data were obtained. According to the research findings, while workload, role ambiguity, emotive dissonance positively and significantly affect work-family conflict, coworker support does not significantly affect work-family conflict. In addition, supervisor support has a negative and significant effect on work-family conflict. On the other hand, it is determined that work-family conflict has a negative and significant effect on family satisfaction, life satisfaction and job satisfaction, while the effect of work-family conflict on service performance is not significant. In addition, work-family conflict has a positive and significant effect on turnover intention. As a result, this research contributes to the literature by examining in detail the antecedents and consequences of work-family conflict on women working in hotel businesses.

Keywords

Work-Family Conflict, Women Employees, Hotel Industry.

References

Acun, A. (2016). İş aile çatışması ve turist rehberlerinin işten ayrılma niyetlerine etkisi, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Balıkesir.
Adkins, L. C. & Premeaux, F. S. (2012). Spending time: The impact of hours worked on work family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 80(2), 380-389.
Allen, T. D., French, K. A., Dumani, S., & Shockley, K. M. (2020). A cross-national meta-analytic examination of predictors and outcomes associated with work–family conflict. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(6), 539-576.
Anderson, S. E., Coffey, B. S., & Byerly, R. T. (2002). Formal organizational initiatives and informal workplace practices: Links to work–family conflict and job-related outcomes. Journal of management, 28(6), 787-810.
Babin, B. J., & Boles, J. S. (1996). The effects of perceived co-worker involvement and supervisor support on service provider role stress, performance and job satisfaction, Journal of Retailing, 72(1), 57-75.
Baysal, S. (2016). İş-Aile Çatışmasının Pozitif Psikolojik Sermayeye Etkisi: Kadın Akademisyenler Üzerinde Bir Araştırma, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
Bhanthumnavin, D. (2003). Perceived social support from supervisor and group members' psychological and situational characteristics as predictors of subordinate performance in thai work units, Human Resource Development Quarterly, 14(1), 79-97.
Bilodeau, Brittany S. (2016). Work-Family Conflict and Wellbeing Among Mothers in Higher Education, Masters Thesis Paper, Madison University, ABD.
Bowen, D. E., & Schneider, B. (2014). A service climate synthesis and future research agenda. Journal of service research, 17(1), 5-22.
Bowen, D. E., & Waldman, D. A. (1999). Customer-driven employee performance. In D. R. Ilgen & E. D. Pulakos (Eds.), The changing nature of performance: Implications for staffing, motivation, and development (pp. 154-191). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
Braunstein-Bercovitz, H. (2013). A multidimensional mediating model of perceived resource gain, work–family conflict sources, and burnout. International Journal of Stress Management, 20(2), 95-115. Brayfield, A. H., & Rothe, H. F. (1951). An index of job satisfaction. Journal of applied psychology, 35(5), 307-311.
Brough, P., O'Driscoll, M. P., & Kalliath, T. J. (2005). The ability of ‘family friendly’organizational resources to predict work–family conflict and job and family satisfaction, Stress and Health: Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 21(4), 223-234.
Bruck, C. S., Allen, T. D. & Spector, P. E. (2002). The relation between work– family conflict and job satisfaction: A finer-grained analysis, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60(3), 336-353.
Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of cross-cultural psychology, 1(3), 185-216.
Burke, Roland, J., Greenglass., & Esther, R. (2001). Hospital restructuring, work-family conflict and psychological burnout among nursing staff, Psychology and Health, 16(5), 583- 594.
Byron, K. (2005). A meta-analytic review of work–family conflict and its antecedents. Journal of vocational behavior, 67(2), 169-198.
Carver, M. D., & Jones, W. H. (1992). The family satisfaction scale. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 20(2), 71-83.
Chiang, L. M. (2010). The development of a leisure and life satisfaction scale for outpatient (LLSSOP) leisure activity programs in Iowa, Doctoral dissertation, University of Northern Iowa, ABD.
Chu, K. H., Baker, M. A., & Murrmann, S. K. (2012). When we are onstage, we smile: The effects of emotional labor on employee work outcomes. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(3), 906-915.
Chu, K. H.-L., & Murrmann, S. K. (2006). Development and validation of the hospitality emotional labor scale, Tourism Management, 27(6), 1181-1191.
Cinamon, R. G., & Rich, Y. (2002). Gender differences in the importance of work and family roles: Implications for work–family conflict. Sex roles: A Journal of Research, 47(11), 531-541.
Clark, S. C. (2000). Work-family border theory: a new theory of work-family balance, Human Relations, 53(6), 747-770.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. P. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Sage publications.
Çarıkçı, İ. (2001), Banka çalışanlarının iş ve aile rollerinin çatışması bireysel ve örgütsel boyutlar, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
Çarıkçı İ. H, Çiftçi M., Derya, S. (2010). İş - Aile yaşam çatışması: Türkiye’deki kadın yöneticiler üzerinde bir uygulama. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi 2(2), 53-65.
Demirdelen, D. (2013). Yöneticilerin kariyer tatminine ilişkin görüş ve algılamaları: Antalya’da 5 yıldızlı otel işletmelerinde bir araştırma (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Sakarya Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sakarya.
Devi, K. R., & Rani, S. S. (2016). The impact of organizational role stress and work family conflict: diagnosis sources of difficulty at work place and job satisfaction among women in IT Sector, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 219, 214-220.
Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of personality assessment, 49(1), 71-75.
Doruk, N. Ç. (2008). Organizasyonlarda iş-aile ve aile-iş çatışmalarının bireylerin performansları üzerine etkisinde iş ve yaşam tatmininin rolü. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Kayseri.
Dursun, S., & İştar, E. (2014). Kadın çalışanların yaşamış oldukları iş aile yaşamı çatışmasının iş ve yaşam doyumu üzerine etkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Degisi, 28(3), 127-137.
Duxbury, L., & Higgins, C. (1994). Interference between work and family: A status report on dual-career and dual-earner mothers and fathers. Employee Assistance Quarterly, 9(3-4), 55-80.
Efeoğlu, D., Özgen, P. (2007). İş-aile yaşam çatışmasının iş stresi, iş doyumu ve örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkileri: ilaç sektöründe bir araştırma. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16 (2), 237-254.
Eisenberger, R., Stinglhamber, F., Vandenberghe, C., Sucharski, I. L., & Rhoades, L. (2002). Perceived supervisor support: Contributions to perceived organizational support and employee retention. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 565 – 573.
Ekici, D., Cerit, K., & Mert, T. (2017). Factors the ınfluence nurses work-family conflict, job satisfaction, and ıntention to leave in a private hospital in Turkey. Hospital Practices and Research, 2 (4), 102-108.
Erdil, O., Keskin, H., İmamoğlu, S. Z., ve Serhat, E. (2011). Yönetim tarzı ve çalışma koşulları, arkadaşlık ortamı ve takdir edilme duygusu ile iş tatmini arasındaki ilişkiler: Tekstil sektöründe bir uygulama. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 5(1), 17-26.
Farradinna, S., & Halim, F. W. (2016). The consequences of work-family conflict, burnout and organizational commitment among women in Indonesia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 219, 241-247.
Flannelly, K. J., & Jankowski, K. R. (2014). Research designs and making causal inferences from health care studies, Journal of Health Care Chaplaincy, 20(1), 25-38.
Fornell, C. & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Cooper, M. L. (1992). Antecedents and outcomes of workfamily conflict: Testing a model of the work-family interface, Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(1), 65-78.
Giray, M. D., & Sahin, D. N. (2012). Algilanan örgütsel, yönetici ve çalisma arkadaslari destegi ölçekleri: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalismasi. Turk Psikoloji Yazilari, 15(30), 1-9.
Gordon, S., Adler, H., Day, J., & Sydnor, S. (2019). Perceived supervisor support: A study of select-service hotel employees, Journal of hospitality and Tourism Management, 38, 82-90.
Grandey, A. A., & Cropanzano, R. (1999). The conservation of resources model applied to work–family conflict and strain. Journal of vocational behavior, 54(2), 350-370.
Greenberg, J., Baron, R.A. (1997). Behavior In Organizations, (6th). Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 76–88.
Grice, M. M., Feda, D., McGovern, P., Alexander, B. H., McCaffrey, D., & Ukestad, L. (2007). Giving birth and returning to work: the impact of work–family conflict on women's health after childbirth. Annals of Epidemiology, 17(10), 791-798.
Gutek, B. A., Searle, S., & Klepa, L. (1991). Rational versus gender role explanations for work-family conflict. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(4), 560-568.
Gürlek, M. (2019). Hizmet Odaklı Yüksek Performanslı İnsan Kaynakları Uygulamalarının İşgören Hizmet Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisinde Aracı ve Düzenleyici Değişkenlerin Rolü, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
Gürlek, M. (2021). Effects of high-performance work systems (HPWSs) on intellectual capital, organizational ambidexterity and knowledge absorptive capacity: evidence from the hotel industry. Journal of hospitality marketing & management, 30(1), 38-70.
Gürlek, M., & Kılıç, İ. (2021). Antecedents and consequences of work-family conflict in the hospitality industry. In V. N. Costa, A.A. Moura, & M. D.R. Mira (Eds.) Handbook of Research on Human Capital and People Management in the Tourism Industry (pp. 217-242). Hershey PA, USA: IGI Global.
Gürlek, M., & Uygur, A. (2021). Service-oriented high-performance human resource practices and employee service performance: A test of serial mediation and moderation models, Journal of Management & Organization, 27(1), 197-233.
Hair Jr, J. F., Howard, M. C., & Nitzl, C. (2020). Assessing measurement model quality in PLS-SEM using confirmatory composite analysis. Journal of Business Research, 109, 101-110.
Hair Jr., J., Page, M., & Brunsveld, N. (2019). Essentials of Business Research Methods (4th ed.). Routledge.
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152.
Hair, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), 1st edition Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Hair, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), 2nd edition Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Hair, J.F., Risher, J.J., Sarstedt, M. & Ringle, C.M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review. 31(1), 2-24.
Hamner, W. C. & Tosi, H. L. (1974). Relationship of role conflict and role ambiguity to job involvement measures, Journal of Applied Psychology, 59(4), 497-499.
Hanif, F., & Naqvi, R., (2014). Analysis of work-family conflict in view of nurses, in health sector of Pakistan, International Journal of Gender and Women’s Studies, 2(4), 103-116.
Heller D., Watson, D., ve Hies, R. (2004). The role of person situation in life satisfaction: A critical examination. Psychol Bull, 130(4), 574-600.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135.
Hill, E. J., Yang, C., Hawkins, A. J., & Ferris, M. (2004). A cross-culturel test of the work-family interface in 48 countries. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66(5), 1300-1316.
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress, American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524.
Hobfoll, S. E. (2001). The influence of culture, community, and the nested‐self in the stress process: Advancing conservation of resources theory. Applied psychology, 50(3), 337-421.
Hobfoll, S. E. (2002). Social and psychological resources and adaptation, Review of General Psychology, 6(4), 307–324.
Hobfoll, S. E., & Freedy, J. (1993). Conservation of resources: A general stress theory applied to burnout. In W. B. Schaufeli, C. Maslach, & T. Marek (Eds.), Professional burnout: Recent developments in theory and research (pp. 115–133). Washington, DC: Taylor & Frances.
Hobfoll, S. E., Freedy, J., Lane, C., & Geller, P. (1990). Conservation of social resources: Social support resource theory, Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 7(4), 465-478.
Hochschild, A. R. (1983). The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Hofmann, V., & Stokburger-Sauer, N. E. (2017). The impact of emotional labor on employees work-life balance perception and commitment: A study in the hospitality industry, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 65, 47-58.
Huang, S. P. (2016). A study on the effects of emotional intelligence and workplace friendship on job satisfaction and performance of employees in micro-enterprises, Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics, 19(3), 567–583.
Ilies, R., Schwind, K. M., Wagner, D. T., Johnson, M. D., DeRue, D. S., & Ilgen, D. R. (2007). When can employees have a family life? The effects of daily workload and affect on work-family conflict and social behaviors at home, Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(5), 1368–1379.
Jaramillo, F., Mulki, J. P., & Solomon, P. (2006). The role of ethical climate on salesperson’s role stress, job attitudes, turnover intention, and job performance. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 26(3), 271-282.
Ji, J., Xu, X., & Rich, S. L. (2002). Determinants of family life satisfaction in reforming urban China. International journal of comparative sociology, 43(2), 169-191.
Kara, E. (2018). İş-aile çatışmasının işten ayrılma niyeti üzerine etkisini belirlemeye yönelik turizm sektöründe bir araştırma: Edremit körfezi örneği, İdealkent, 9 (24) , 733-750.
Karatepe, O. M., & Baddar, L. (2006). An empirical study of the selected consequences of frontline employees’ work-family conflict and family-work conflict, Tourism Management, 27(5), 1017–1028.
Karatepe, O. M., & Uludag, O. (2008). Supervisor support, work-family conflict, and satisfaction outcomes: An empirical study in the hotel industry. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 7(2), 115-134.
Kidd, J. & Eller, C. (2012). Work Life Balance and Work-Family Conflict in The Hospitality Industry: What Do We Know in 2012, Asia Pacific Coincil on Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Education, Conference Manila, Philippines.
Kiecolt, K. Jıll (2003). Satisfaction with work and family life no evidence of a cultural reversal, Journal of Marriage and Family, 65(1), 23-35.
Küçükusta, D., (2007). 'Konaklama İşletmelerinde İş Yaşam Dengesinin Çalışma Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkisi', Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Turizm İşletmeciliği Ana Bilim Dalı, İzmir.
Lee, J. J., & Ok, C. M. (2014). Understanding hotel employees’ service sabotage: Emotional labor perspective based on conservation of resources theory. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 36, 176-187.
Lee, L., & Madera, J. M. (2019). A systematic literature review of emotional labor research from the hospitality and tourism literature. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(7), 2808-2826.
Liao, H., & Chuang, A. (2004). A multilevel investigation of factors influencing employee service performance and customer outcomes, Academy of Management Journal, 47(1), 41-58.
Mansour, S., & Tremblay, D. G. (2016). Workload, generic and work–family specific social supports and job stress: Mediating role of work–family and family–work conflict, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(8), 1778-1804.
Matsui, T., Ohsawa, T., & Onglatco, M.L. (1995). Work-family conflict and the stress-buffering effects of husband support and coping behavior among Japanese married working women, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 47(2), 178–192.
Merli, R., Preziosi, M., Acampora, A., Lucchetti, M. C., & Ali, F. (2019). The impact of green practices in coastal tourism: An empirical investigation on an eco-labelled beach club. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 471-482.
Mesmer Magnus, J., & Viswesvaran, C. (2009). The role of the coworker in reducing work–family conflict: A review and directions for future researc, Pratiques psychologiques, 15(2), 213-224.
Middleton, Dewight R. (1989). Emotional style: The cultural ordering of emotions, Ethos, 17(2), 187-201.
Mobley, William H., Griffeth, Rodger W., El, Herbert H., & Meglino, BM. (1979). Review and Conceptual Analysis of the Employee Turnover Process, Psychological Bulletin, 86(3), 493-522.
Molina, J. A. (2021). The work–family conflict: Evidence from the recent decade and lines of future research, Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 42(1), 4-10.
Morris, J A., & D. C. Feldman, (1996). The dimensions, antecedents and consequences of emotional labor, Academik of Management Rewiev, 21(4), 906- 1010.
Mossholder, K. W., Settoon, R. P., & Henagan, S. C. (2005). A relational perspective on turnover: Examining structural, attitudinal, and behavioral predictors, Academy of Management Journal, 48(4), 607–618. Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14(2), 224-247.
Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J. S., & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales. Journal of applied psychology, 81(4), 400-410.
Netemeyer, R.G., Boles, J.S., McKee, D.O., & McMurrian, R. (1997), An investigation into the antecedents of organizational citizenship behaviors in a personal selling context, The Journal of Marketing, 61(3), 85-98.
Nohe, C., & Sonntag, K. (2014). Work–family conflict, social support, and turnover intentions: A longitudinal study, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(1), 1-12.
Odle-Dusseau, H. N., Britt, T. W., & Greene-Shortridge, T. M. (2012). Organizational work–family resources as predictors of job performance and attitudes: The process of work–family conflict and enrichment, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 17(1), 28–40.
Oruç, E. (2019). Kadın Çalışanların İş-Aile Çatışması ve Yaşam Tatmini Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa.
Özkanlı, Ö., & Korkmaz, A. (2000). Kadın akademisyenler. Ankara: A. Ü. Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Yayınları.
Özkan, Ç., Esitti, B., & Köleoğlu, N. (2015). Work-family conflict in hospitality industry employees: An Application in Izmir. Journal of Life Economics, 2(2), 75-88.
Piccolo, R. F., Judge, T. A., Takahashi, K., Watanabe, N., & Locke, E. A. (2005). Core self‐evaluations in Japan: relative effects on job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and happiness. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 26(8), 965-984.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies, Journal of applied psychology, 88(5), 879-903.
Prentice, C., Chen, P. J., & King, B. (2013). Employee performance outcomes and burnout following the presentation-of-self in customer-service contexts, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 35, 225–236.
Price, J. L. (2001). Reflections on the determinants of voluntary turnover. International Journal of manpower, 22(7), 600-624.
Psacharopoulos, G., & Tzannatos, Z. (1989). Female labour force participation: An international perspective, Research Observer,4 (2), 187-201.
Raja, U., Javed, Y., & Abbas, M. (2018). A time lagged study of burnout as a mediator in the relationship between workplace bullying and work–family conflict, International journal of stress management, 25(4), 377-390.
Rice, Robert W., Michael R. Frone., Dean B., & McFarlin. (1992). Work-nonwork conflict and the perceived quality of life, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 155-168.
Rizzo, J. R., House, R. J., & Lirtzman, S. I. (1970). Role conflict and ambiguity in complex organization, Administrative Science Quarterly, 15(2), 150-163.
Schulze, N. (1998). Yasam Kalitesini Yükselten Temel Unsur Olarak işin İnsancıllaştırılması, 6. Ergonomi Kongresi, MPM Yayınları No: 622, 1998, ss. 519–532.
Seçilmiş, C., & Kılıç, İ. (2017). Örgütsel güven, iş-aile çatışması ve işten ayrılma niyeti ilişkisinin belirlenmesi: Seyahat acentelerinde bir uygulama, Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 4(1), 65-79.
Selvarajan, T. T., Cloninger, P. A., & Singh, B. (2013). Social support and work–family conflict: A test of an indirect effects model, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 486-499.
Singh, R., Zhang, Y., Wan, M., & Fouad, N. A. (2018). Why do women engineers leave the engineering profession? The roles of work–family conflict, occupational commitment, and perceived organizational support, Human Resource Management, 57(4), 901-914.
Spector, P. E., & Jex, S. M. (1998). Development of four self-report measures of job stressors and strain: Interpersonal conflict at work scale, organizational constraints scale, quantitative workload inventory, and physical symptoms inventory. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 3(4), 356–367.
Spector, P. E., Allen, T. D., Poelmans, S., Lapierre, L. M., & Cooper, C. L. (2007). Cross-national differences in relationships of work demands, job satisfaction, and turnover intntions with work–family conflict, Personnel Psychology, 60(4), 805-835.
Straut Eppsteiner, H. (2021). Undocumented mothers and work–family conflict in restrictive policy contexts, Journal of Marriage and Family, 83(3), 865-880.
Talukder, A. M. H. (2019). Supervisor support and organizational commitment: The role of work–family conflict, job satisfaction, and work–life balance, Journal of Employment Counseling, 56(3), 98-116.
Türker, Y., & Çelik, K. (2019). Öğretmenlerde iş ve aile çatışmasının yaşam doyumu üzerindeki etkisinde iş doyumunun aracı rolü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(1), 242-258.
Uşaklı, A., & Küçükergin, K. G. (2018). Using partial least squares structural equation modeling in hospitality and tourism: do researchers follow practical guidelines?. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(11), 3462-3512.
Van Steenbergen, E. F., Kluwer, E. S., & Karney, B. R. (2014). Work–family enrichment, work–family conflict, and marital satisfaction: A dyadic analysis, Journal of occupational health psychology, 19(2), 182-194.
Voydanoff, P. (1988). Work role characteristics, family structure demands, and work/family conflict. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 50(3), 749-761.
Walker, O. C., Churchill, G. A., & Ford, N. M. (1975). Organizational determinants of the industrial salesman's role conflict and ambiguity, The Journal of Marketing, 39(1), 32-39.
Wallace, J. E. (1999). Work‐to‐nonwork conflict among married male and female lawyers. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(6), 797-816.
Wang, M.L., Lin, T.M., & Tsai, L. J., (2012). The relationships between work-family conflict and job performance under different sources of social support: nursing staffs as examples. Proceedings of PICMET '12, Technology Management for Emerging Technologies, 3631-3639.
Wayne, S. J., Shore, L. M., & Liden, R. C. (1997). Perceived organizational support and leader-member exchange: A social exchange perspective. Academy of Management journal, 40(1), 82-111.
Xu, S., & Cao, Z. (2019). Antecedents and outcomes of work-nonwork conflict in hospitality: A meta-analysis, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. 31(10), 3919-3942.
Xu, S., Wang, Y. C., Ma, E., & Wang, R. (2020). Hotel employees’ fun climate at work: Effects on work-family conflict and employee deep acting through a collectivistic perspective. International journal of hospitality management, 91, 102666.
Yazıcıoğlu, Y., & Erdoğan, S. (2014). SPSS Uygulamalı Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. (4. Baskı), Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara. Yüksel, İ. (2005), İş-aile çatışmasının kariyer tatminin, iş tatmini ve iş davranışları ile ilişkisi. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(2), 301-314.
Yüksel, İ. (2005), İş-aile çatışmasının kariyer tatminin, iş tatmini ve iş davranışları ile ilişkisi. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(2), 301-314.
Zhao, X. R., Qu, H., & Ghiselli, R. (2011). Examining the relationship of work–family conflict to job and life satisfaction: A case of hotel sales managers, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(1), 46-54. Zincirkıran, M., Yalçınsoy, A., & Işık M. (2016). Yönetici Desteği İle İş Memnuniyeti Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi, 2nd International Congress on Economics and Business, 976-983.
Zincirkıran, M., Yalçınsoy, A., & Işık M. (2016). Yönetici Desteği İle İş Memnuniyeti Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi, 2nd International Congress on Economics and Business, 976-983.

İş-Aile Çatışmasının Öncülleri ve Sonuçları: Kadın Otel Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 495 - 516, 19.12.2022

Fadime Görmez , Mert Gürlek

Abstract

Bu çalışma kadın otel çalışanlarının yaşadığı iş-aile çatışmasının öncüllerini ve sonuçlarını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde Kısmi En Küçük Kareler Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi/Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Antalya ilinde faaliyet gösteren 5 yıldızlı otel işletmelerinde çalışan kadın çalışanlar oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama sürecinde 511 kullanılabilir veri elde edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre iş yükü, rol belirsizliği, duygusal çelişki iş-aile çatışmasını olumlu ve anlamlı olarak etkilerken, çalışma arkadaşları desteği iş-aile çatışmasını anlamlı olarak etkilememektedir. Ayrıca yönetici desteği iş-aile çatışması üzerinde olumsuz ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahiptir. Diğer yandan, iş-aile çatışmasının aile tatmini, yaşam tatmini, iş tatmini üzerinde olumsuz ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilirken, iş-aile çatışmasının hizmet performansı üzerinde etkisinin anlamlı olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca iş-aile çatışması işten ayrılma niyeti üzerinde olumlu ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahiptir. Sonuç olarak bu araştırma, otel işletmelerinde çalışan kadınlar üzerinde iş-aile çatışmasının öncüllerini ve sonuçlarını detaylı olarak inceleyerek literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

İş Aile Çatışması, Kadın Çalışanlar, Otel endüstrisi

References

Acun, A. (2016). İş aile çatışması ve turist rehberlerinin işten ayrılma niyetlerine etkisi, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Balıkesir.
Adkins, L. C. & Premeaux, F. S. (2012). Spending time: The impact of hours worked on work family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 80(2), 380-389.
Allen, T. D., French, K. A., Dumani, S., & Shockley, K. M. (2020). A cross-national meta-analytic examination of predictors and outcomes associated with work–family conflict. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(6), 539-576.
Anderson, S. E., Coffey, B. S., & Byerly, R. T. (2002). Formal organizational initiatives and informal workplace practices: Links to work–family conflict and job-related outcomes. Journal of management, 28(6), 787-810.
Babin, B. J., & Boles, J. S. (1996). The effects of perceived co-worker involvement and supervisor support on service provider role stress, performance and job satisfaction, Journal of Retailing, 72(1), 57-75.
Baysal, S. (2016). İş-Aile Çatışmasının Pozitif Psikolojik Sermayeye Etkisi: Kadın Akademisyenler Üzerinde Bir Araştırma, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
Bhanthumnavin, D. (2003). Perceived social support from supervisor and group members' psychological and situational characteristics as predictors of subordinate performance in thai work units, Human Resource Development Quarterly, 14(1), 79-97.
Bilodeau, Brittany S. (2016). Work-Family Conflict and Wellbeing Among Mothers in Higher Education, Masters Thesis Paper, Madison University, ABD.
Bowen, D. E., & Schneider, B. (2014). A service climate synthesis and future research agenda. Journal of service research, 17(1), 5-22.
Bowen, D. E., & Waldman, D. A. (1999). Customer-driven employee performance. In D. R. Ilgen & E. D. Pulakos (Eds.), The changing nature of performance: Implications for staffing, motivation, and development (pp. 154-191). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
Braunstein-Bercovitz, H. (2013). A multidimensional mediating model of perceived resource gain, work–family conflict sources, and burnout. International Journal of Stress Management, 20(2), 95-115. Brayfield, A. H., & Rothe, H. F. (1951). An index of job satisfaction. Journal of applied psychology, 35(5), 307-311.
Brough, P., O'Driscoll, M. P., & Kalliath, T. J. (2005). The ability of ‘family friendly’organizational resources to predict work–family conflict and job and family satisfaction, Stress and Health: Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 21(4), 223-234.
Bruck, C. S., Allen, T. D. & Spector, P. E. (2002). The relation between work– family conflict and job satisfaction: A finer-grained analysis, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60(3), 336-353.
Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of cross-cultural psychology, 1(3), 185-216.
Burke, Roland, J., Greenglass., & Esther, R. (2001). Hospital restructuring, work-family conflict and psychological burnout among nursing staff, Psychology and Health, 16(5), 583- 594.
Byron, K. (2005). A meta-analytic review of work–family conflict and its antecedents. Journal of vocational behavior, 67(2), 169-198.
Carver, M. D., & Jones, W. H. (1992). The family satisfaction scale. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 20(2), 71-83.
Chiang, L. M. (2010). The development of a leisure and life satisfaction scale for outpatient (LLSSOP) leisure activity programs in Iowa, Doctoral dissertation, University of Northern Iowa, ABD.
Chu, K. H., Baker, M. A., & Murrmann, S. K. (2012). When we are onstage, we smile: The effects of emotional labor on employee work outcomes. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(3), 906-915.
Chu, K. H.-L., & Murrmann, S. K. (2006). Development and validation of the hospitality emotional labor scale, Tourism Management, 27(6), 1181-1191.
Cinamon, R. G., & Rich, Y. (2002). Gender differences in the importance of work and family roles: Implications for work–family conflict. Sex roles: A Journal of Research, 47(11), 531-541.
Clark, S. C. (2000). Work-family border theory: a new theory of work-family balance, Human Relations, 53(6), 747-770.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. P. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Sage publications.
Çarıkçı, İ. (2001), Banka çalışanlarının iş ve aile rollerinin çatışması bireysel ve örgütsel boyutlar, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
Çarıkçı İ. H, Çiftçi M., Derya, S. (2010). İş - Aile yaşam çatışması: Türkiye’deki kadın yöneticiler üzerinde bir uygulama. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi 2(2), 53-65.
Demirdelen, D. (2013). Yöneticilerin kariyer tatminine ilişkin görüş ve algılamaları: Antalya’da 5 yıldızlı otel işletmelerinde bir araştırma (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Sakarya Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sakarya.
Devi, K. R., & Rani, S. S. (2016). The impact of organizational role stress and work family conflict: diagnosis sources of difficulty at work place and job satisfaction among women in IT Sector, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 219, 214-220.
Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of personality assessment, 49(1), 71-75.
Doruk, N. Ç. (2008). Organizasyonlarda iş-aile ve aile-iş çatışmalarının bireylerin performansları üzerine etkisinde iş ve yaşam tatmininin rolü. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Kayseri.
Dursun, S., & İştar, E. (2014). Kadın çalışanların yaşamış oldukları iş aile yaşamı çatışmasının iş ve yaşam doyumu üzerine etkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Degisi, 28(3), 127-137.
Duxbury, L., & Higgins, C. (1994). Interference between work and family: A status report on dual-career and dual-earner mothers and fathers. Employee Assistance Quarterly, 9(3-4), 55-80.
Efeoğlu, D., Özgen, P. (2007). İş-aile yaşam çatışmasının iş stresi, iş doyumu ve örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkileri: ilaç sektöründe bir araştırma. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16 (2), 237-254.
Eisenberger, R., Stinglhamber, F., Vandenberghe, C., Sucharski, I. L., & Rhoades, L. (2002). Perceived supervisor support: Contributions to perceived organizational support and employee retention. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 565 – 573.
Ekici, D., Cerit, K., & Mert, T. (2017). Factors the ınfluence nurses work-family conflict, job satisfaction, and ıntention to leave in a private hospital in Turkey. Hospital Practices and Research, 2 (4), 102-108.
Erdil, O., Keskin, H., İmamoğlu, S. Z., ve Serhat, E. (2011). Yönetim tarzı ve çalışma koşulları, arkadaşlık ortamı ve takdir edilme duygusu ile iş tatmini arasındaki ilişkiler: Tekstil sektöründe bir uygulama. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 5(1), 17-26.
Farradinna, S., & Halim, F. W. (2016). The consequences of work-family conflict, burnout and organizational commitment among women in Indonesia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 219, 241-247.
Flannelly, K. J., & Jankowski, K. R. (2014). Research designs and making causal inferences from health care studies, Journal of Health Care Chaplaincy, 20(1), 25-38.
Fornell, C. & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Cooper, M. L. (1992). Antecedents and outcomes of workfamily conflict: Testing a model of the work-family interface, Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(1), 65-78.
Giray, M. D., & Sahin, D. N. (2012). Algilanan örgütsel, yönetici ve çalisma arkadaslari destegi ölçekleri: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalismasi. Turk Psikoloji Yazilari, 15(30), 1-9.
Gordon, S., Adler, H., Day, J., & Sydnor, S. (2019). Perceived supervisor support: A study of select-service hotel employees, Journal of hospitality and Tourism Management, 38, 82-90.
Grandey, A. A., & Cropanzano, R. (1999). The conservation of resources model applied to work–family conflict and strain. Journal of vocational behavior, 54(2), 350-370.
Greenberg, J., Baron, R.A. (1997). Behavior In Organizations, (6th). Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 76–88.
Grice, M. M., Feda, D., McGovern, P., Alexander, B. H., McCaffrey, D., & Ukestad, L. (2007). Giving birth and returning to work: the impact of work–family conflict on women's health after childbirth. Annals of Epidemiology, 17(10), 791-798.
Gutek, B. A., Searle, S., & Klepa, L. (1991). Rational versus gender role explanations for work-family conflict. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(4), 560-568.
Gürlek, M. (2019). Hizmet Odaklı Yüksek Performanslı İnsan Kaynakları Uygulamalarının İşgören Hizmet Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisinde Aracı ve Düzenleyici Değişkenlerin Rolü, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
Gürlek, M. (2021). Effects of high-performance work systems (HPWSs) on intellectual capital, organizational ambidexterity and knowledge absorptive capacity: evidence from the hotel industry. Journal of hospitality marketing & management, 30(1), 38-70.
Gürlek, M., & Kılıç, İ. (2021). Antecedents and consequences of work-family conflict in the hospitality industry. In V. N. Costa, A.A. Moura, & M. D.R. Mira (Eds.) Handbook of Research on Human Capital and People Management in the Tourism Industry (pp. 217-242). Hershey PA, USA: IGI Global.
Gürlek, M., & Uygur, A. (2021). Service-oriented high-performance human resource practices and employee service performance: A test of serial mediation and moderation models, Journal of Management & Organization, 27(1), 197-233.
Hair Jr, J. F., Howard, M. C., & Nitzl, C. (2020). Assessing measurement model quality in PLS-SEM using confirmatory composite analysis. Journal of Business Research, 109, 101-110.
Hair Jr., J., Page, M., & Brunsveld, N. (2019). Essentials of Business Research Methods (4th ed.). Routledge.
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152.
Hair, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), 1st edition Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Hair, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), 2nd edition Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Hair, J.F., Risher, J.J., Sarstedt, M. & Ringle, C.M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review. 31(1), 2-24.
Hamner, W. C. & Tosi, H. L. (1974). Relationship of role conflict and role ambiguity to job involvement measures, Journal of Applied Psychology, 59(4), 497-499.
Hanif, F., & Naqvi, R., (2014). Analysis of work-family conflict in view of nurses, in health sector of Pakistan, International Journal of Gender and Women’s Studies, 2(4), 103-116.
Heller D., Watson, D., ve Hies, R. (2004). The role of person situation in life satisfaction: A critical examination. Psychol Bull, 130(4), 574-600.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135.
Hill, E. J., Yang, C., Hawkins, A. J., & Ferris, M. (2004). A cross-culturel test of the work-family interface in 48 countries. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66(5), 1300-1316.
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress, American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524.
Hobfoll, S. E. (2001). The influence of culture, community, and the nested‐self in the stress process: Advancing conservation of resources theory. Applied psychology, 50(3), 337-421.
Hobfoll, S. E. (2002). Social and psychological resources and adaptation, Review of General Psychology, 6(4), 307–324.
Hobfoll, S. E., & Freedy, J. (1993). Conservation of resources: A general stress theory applied to burnout. In W. B. Schaufeli, C. Maslach, & T. Marek (Eds.), Professional burnout: Recent developments in theory and research (pp. 115–133). Washington, DC: Taylor & Frances.
Hobfoll, S. E., Freedy, J., Lane, C., & Geller, P. (1990). Conservation of social resources: Social support resource theory, Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 7(4), 465-478.
Hochschild, A. R. (1983). The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Hofmann, V., & Stokburger-Sauer, N. E. (2017). The impact of emotional labor on employees work-life balance perception and commitment: A study in the hospitality industry, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 65, 47-58.
Huang, S. P. (2016). A study on the effects of emotional intelligence and workplace friendship on job satisfaction and performance of employees in micro-enterprises, Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics, 19(3), 567–583.
Ilies, R., Schwind, K. M., Wagner, D. T., Johnson, M. D., DeRue, D. S., & Ilgen, D. R. (2007). When can employees have a family life? The effects of daily workload and affect on work-family conflict and social behaviors at home, Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(5), 1368–1379.
Jaramillo, F., Mulki, J. P., & Solomon, P. (2006). The role of ethical climate on salesperson’s role stress, job attitudes, turnover intention, and job performance. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 26(3), 271-282.
Ji, J., Xu, X., & Rich, S. L. (2002). Determinants of family life satisfaction in reforming urban China. International journal of comparative sociology, 43(2), 169-191.
Kara, E. (2018). İş-aile çatışmasının işten ayrılma niyeti üzerine etkisini belirlemeye yönelik turizm sektöründe bir araştırma: Edremit körfezi örneği, İdealkent, 9 (24) , 733-750.
Karatepe, O. M., & Baddar, L. (2006). An empirical study of the selected consequences of frontline employees’ work-family conflict and family-work conflict, Tourism Management, 27(5), 1017–1028.
Karatepe, O. M., & Uludag, O. (2008). Supervisor support, work-family conflict, and satisfaction outcomes: An empirical study in the hotel industry. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 7(2), 115-134.
Kidd, J. & Eller, C. (2012). Work Life Balance and Work-Family Conflict in The Hospitality Industry: What Do We Know in 2012, Asia Pacific Coincil on Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Education, Conference Manila, Philippines.
Kiecolt, K. Jıll (2003). Satisfaction with work and family life no evidence of a cultural reversal, Journal of Marriage and Family, 65(1), 23-35.
Küçükusta, D., (2007). 'Konaklama İşletmelerinde İş Yaşam Dengesinin Çalışma Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkisi', Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Turizm İşletmeciliği Ana Bilim Dalı, İzmir.
Lee, J. J., & Ok, C. M. (2014). Understanding hotel employees’ service sabotage: Emotional labor perspective based on conservation of resources theory. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 36, 176-187.
Lee, L., & Madera, J. M. (2019). A systematic literature review of emotional labor research from the hospitality and tourism literature. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(7), 2808-2826.
Liao, H., & Chuang, A. (2004). A multilevel investigation of factors influencing employee service performance and customer outcomes, Academy of Management Journal, 47(1), 41-58.
Mansour, S., & Tremblay, D. G. (2016). Workload, generic and work–family specific social supports and job stress: Mediating role of work–family and family–work conflict, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(8), 1778-1804.
Matsui, T., Ohsawa, T., & Onglatco, M.L. (1995). Work-family conflict and the stress-buffering effects of husband support and coping behavior among Japanese married working women, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 47(2), 178–192.
Merli, R., Preziosi, M., Acampora, A., Lucchetti, M. C., & Ali, F. (2019). The impact of green practices in coastal tourism: An empirical investigation on an eco-labelled beach club. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 471-482.
Mesmer Magnus, J., & Viswesvaran, C. (2009). The role of the coworker in reducing work–family conflict: A review and directions for future researc, Pratiques psychologiques, 15(2), 213-224.
Middleton, Dewight R. (1989). Emotional style: The cultural ordering of emotions, Ethos, 17(2), 187-201.
Mobley, William H., Griffeth, Rodger W., El, Herbert H., & Meglino, BM. (1979). Review and Conceptual Analysis of the Employee Turnover Process, Psychological Bulletin, 86(3), 493-522.
Molina, J. A. (2021). The work–family conflict: Evidence from the recent decade and lines of future research, Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 42(1), 4-10.
Morris, J A., & D. C. Feldman, (1996). The dimensions, antecedents and consequences of emotional labor, Academik of Management Rewiev, 21(4), 906- 1010.
Mossholder, K. W., Settoon, R. P., & Henagan, S. C. (2005). A relational perspective on turnover: Examining structural, attitudinal, and behavioral predictors, Academy of Management Journal, 48(4), 607–618. Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14(2), 224-247.
Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J. S., & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales. Journal of applied psychology, 81(4), 400-410.
Netemeyer, R.G., Boles, J.S., McKee, D.O., & McMurrian, R. (1997), An investigation into the antecedents of organizational citizenship behaviors in a personal selling context, The Journal of Marketing, 61(3), 85-98.
Nohe, C., & Sonntag, K. (2014). Work–family conflict, social support, and turnover intentions: A longitudinal study, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(1), 1-12.
Odle-Dusseau, H. N., Britt, T. W., & Greene-Shortridge, T. M. (2012). Organizational work–family resources as predictors of job performance and attitudes: The process of work–family conflict and enrichment, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 17(1), 28–40.
Oruç, E. (2019). Kadın Çalışanların İş-Aile Çatışması ve Yaşam Tatmini Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa.
Özkanlı, Ö., & Korkmaz, A. (2000). Kadın akademisyenler. Ankara: A. Ü. Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Yayınları.
Özkan, Ç., Esitti, B., & Köleoğlu, N. (2015). Work-family conflict in hospitality industry employees: An Application in Izmir. Journal of Life Economics, 2(2), 75-88.
Piccolo, R. F., Judge, T. A., Takahashi, K., Watanabe, N., & Locke, E. A. (2005). Core self‐evaluations in Japan: relative effects on job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and happiness. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 26(8), 965-984.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies, Journal of applied psychology, 88(5), 879-903.
Prentice, C., Chen, P. J., & King, B. (2013). Employee performance outcomes and burnout following the presentation-of-self in customer-service contexts, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 35, 225–236.
Price, J. L. (2001). Reflections on the determinants of voluntary turnover. International Journal of manpower, 22(7), 600-624.
Psacharopoulos, G., & Tzannatos, Z. (1989). Female labour force participation: An international perspective, Research Observer,4 (2), 187-201.
Raja, U., Javed, Y., & Abbas, M. (2018). A time lagged study of burnout as a mediator in the relationship between workplace bullying and work–family conflict, International journal of stress management, 25(4), 377-390.
Rice, Robert W., Michael R. Frone., Dean B., & McFarlin. (1992). Work-nonwork conflict and the perceived quality of life, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 155-168.
Rizzo, J. R., House, R. J., & Lirtzman, S. I. (1970). Role conflict and ambiguity in complex organization, Administrative Science Quarterly, 15(2), 150-163.
Schulze, N. (1998). Yasam Kalitesini Yükselten Temel Unsur Olarak işin İnsancıllaştırılması, 6. Ergonomi Kongresi, MPM Yayınları No: 622, 1998, ss. 519–532.
Seçilmiş, C., & Kılıç, İ. (2017). Örgütsel güven, iş-aile çatışması ve işten ayrılma niyeti ilişkisinin belirlenmesi: Seyahat acentelerinde bir uygulama, Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 4(1), 65-79.
Selvarajan, T. T., Cloninger, P. A., & Singh, B. (2013). Social support and work–family conflict: A test of an indirect effects model, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 486-499.
Singh, R., Zhang, Y., Wan, M., & Fouad, N. A. (2018). Why do women engineers leave the engineering profession? The roles of work–family conflict, occupational commitment, and perceived organizational support, Human Resource Management, 57(4), 901-914.
Spector, P. E., & Jex, S. M. (1998). Development of four self-report measures of job stressors and strain: Interpersonal conflict at work scale, organizational constraints scale, quantitative workload inventory, and physical symptoms inventory. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 3(4), 356–367.
Spector, P. E., Allen, T. D., Poelmans, S., Lapierre, L. M., & Cooper, C. L. (2007). Cross-national differences in relationships of work demands, job satisfaction, and turnover intntions with work–family conflict, Personnel Psychology, 60(4), 805-835.
Straut Eppsteiner, H. (2021). Undocumented mothers and work–family conflict in restrictive policy contexts, Journal of Marriage and Family, 83(3), 865-880.
Talukder, A. M. H. (2019). Supervisor support and organizational commitment: The role of work–family conflict, job satisfaction, and work–life balance, Journal of Employment Counseling, 56(3), 98-116.
Türker, Y., & Çelik, K. (2019). Öğretmenlerde iş ve aile çatışmasının yaşam doyumu üzerindeki etkisinde iş doyumunun aracı rolü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(1), 242-258.
Uşaklı, A., & Küçükergin, K. G. (2018). Using partial least squares structural equation modeling in hospitality and tourism: do researchers follow practical guidelines?. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(11), 3462-3512.
Van Steenbergen, E. F., Kluwer, E. S., & Karney, B. R. (2014). Work–family enrichment, work–family conflict, and marital satisfaction: A dyadic analysis, Journal of occupational health psychology, 19(2), 182-194.
Voydanoff, P. (1988). Work role characteristics, family structure demands, and work/family conflict. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 50(3), 749-761.
Walker, O. C., Churchill, G. A., & Ford, N. M. (1975). Organizational determinants of the industrial salesman's role conflict and ambiguity, The Journal of Marketing, 39(1), 32-39.
Wallace, J. E. (1999). Work‐to‐nonwork conflict among married male and female lawyers. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(6), 797-816.
Wang, M.L., Lin, T.M., & Tsai, L. J., (2012). The relationships between work-family conflict and job performance under different sources of social support: nursing staffs as examples. Proceedings of PICMET '12, Technology Management for Emerging Technologies, 3631-3639.
Wayne, S. J., Shore, L. M., & Liden, R. C. (1997). Perceived organizational support and leader-member exchange: A social exchange perspective. Academy of Management journal, 40(1), 82-111.
Xu, S., & Cao, Z. (2019). Antecedents and outcomes of work-nonwork conflict in hospitality: A meta-analysis, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. 31(10), 3919-3942.
Xu, S., Wang, Y. C., Ma, E., & Wang, R. (2020). Hotel employees’ fun climate at work: Effects on work-family conflict and employee deep acting through a collectivistic perspective. International journal of hospitality management, 91, 102666.
Yazıcıoğlu, Y., & Erdoğan, S. (2014). SPSS Uygulamalı Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. (4. Baskı), Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara. Yüksel, İ. (2005), İş-aile çatışmasının kariyer tatminin, iş tatmini ve iş davranışları ile ilişkisi. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(2), 301-314.
Yüksel, İ. (2005), İş-aile çatışmasının kariyer tatminin, iş tatmini ve iş davranışları ile ilişkisi. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(2), 301-314.
Zhao, X. R., Qu, H., & Ghiselli, R. (2011). Examining the relationship of work–family conflict to job and life satisfaction: A case of hotel sales managers, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(1), 46-54. Zincirkıran, M., Yalçınsoy, A., & Işık M. (2016). Yönetici Desteği İle İş Memnuniyeti Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi, 2nd International Congress on Economics and Business, 976-983.
Zincirkıran, M., Yalçınsoy, A., & Işık M. (2016). Yönetici Desteği İle İş Memnuniyeti Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi, 2nd International Congress on Economics and Business, 976-983.

There are 128 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Tourism (Other)
Journal Section	Articles
Authors	Fadime Görmez 0000-0002-1125-0086 Mert Gürlek 0000-0002-0024-7746
Publication Date	December 19, 2022
Submission Date	September 11, 2022
Acceptance Date	November 26, 2022
Published in Issue	Year 2022 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA	Görmez, F., & Gürlek, M. (2022). İş-Aile Çatışmasının Öncülleri ve Sonuçları: Kadın Otel Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 9(2), 495-516.
AMA	Görmez F, Gürlek M. İş-Aile Çatışmasının Öncülleri ve Sonuçları: Kadın Otel Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Turizm Akademik Dergisi. December 2022;9(2):495-516.
Chicago	Görmez, Fadime, and Mert Gürlek. “İş-Aile Çatışmasının Öncülleri Ve Sonuçları: Kadın Otel Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Turizm Akademik Dergisi 9, no. 2 (December 2022): 495-516.
EndNote	Görmez F, Gürlek M (December 1, 2022) İş-Aile Çatışmasının Öncülleri ve Sonuçları: Kadın Otel Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Turizm Akademik Dergisi 9 2 495–516.
IEEE	F. Görmez and M. Gürlek, “İş-Aile Çatışmasının Öncülleri ve Sonuçları: Kadın Otel Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma”, Turizm Akademik Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 495–516, 2022.
ISNAD	Görmez, Fadime - Gürlek, Mert. “İş-Aile Çatışmasının Öncülleri Ve Sonuçları: Kadın Otel Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Turizm Akademik Dergisi 9/2 (December 2022), 495-516.
JAMA	Görmez F, Gürlek M. İş-Aile Çatışmasının Öncülleri ve Sonuçları: Kadın Otel Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Turizm Akademik Dergisi. 2022;9:495–516.
MLA	Görmez, Fadime and Mert Gürlek. “İş-Aile Çatışmasının Öncülleri Ve Sonuçları: Kadın Otel Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 2, 2022, pp. 495-16.
Vancouver	Görmez F, Gürlek M. İş-Aile Çatışmasının Öncülleri ve Sonuçları: Kadın Otel Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Turizm Akademik Dergisi. 2022;9(2):495-516.

Download Cover Image

Article Files

Full Text