The Relationship Between Depression And Emotion Dysregulation: A Meta-Analytic Study

Year 2023, , 494 - 509, 29.12.2023

Gökhan Aksu , Mehmet Taha Eser , Sabina Huseynbalayeva

https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1292047_7

Abstract

The aim of the current study is to examine the relationship between emotion regulation difficulties and depression by meta-analysis method. As a result of the literature review, a total of 4582 studies were identified and these studies were analysed according to their titles and abstracts. As a result of the evaluations, 37 full texts were included in the analysis. The findings obtained from the analyses were examined and it was determined that there was no significant difference in all subgroups regarding the relationship between emotion regulation difficulties and depression, and the effect size between the two variables did not change. As a result of the REM analysis, it was seen that the generalised effect size of the relationship between difficulties in emotion regulation and depression was moderate (0.52). Considering the scanning process within the scope of this study, it can be stated that there are too many measurement differences and deficiencies in reporting.

Keywords

Emotion Dysregulation, Depression, Meta-analysis.

References

• Akcan, G. & Taşören, A. B. (2020). Genç yetişkinlerde çocukluk çağı olumsuz yaşantıları, öz-şefkat ve duygu düzenleme becerileri depresyon belirtilerini yordar mı?. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Eğitim Dergisi, 37 (2), 59-80. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/buje/issue/58375/842241.
• Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: a meta-analytic review. Journal of Clinical Psychology. Rev. 30, 217–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.004.
• Aldao, A., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2010). Specificity of cognitive emotion regulation strategies: a transdiagnostic examination. Behaviour Research And Therapy, 48 (10), 974–983. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Brat.2010.06.002
• Alpay, E., H., Aydın, A., &Bellur, Z. (2017).  The mediating role of the emotion regulation difficulties on the relationship between childhood traumas, post traumatic stress symptoms and depression. Journal of Clinical Psychology; 20 (3): 218-226. https://doi.org/10.5505/kpd.2017.98852
• Arditte, K. A. &Joormann, J. (2011). Emotion regulation in depression: Reflection predicts recovery from a major depressive episode. Cognitive Therapy And Research, 35 (6), 536-543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-011-9389-4
• Ata, G. & Yalçınkaya Alkar, Ö. (2020). Kişilerarası duygu düzenleme anketi: Birlikte kara kara düşünme ve birlikte yeniden değerlendirme’nin türkçeye uyarlanması. Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 4 (2), 136-150. https://doi.org/10.5455/kpd.26024438m000027
• Ay, R. & Kılınçel, O. (2021). Depresyon tanısı alan hastalarda çocukluk çağı travması varlığı ve duygu düzenleme güçlüğü ile ilişkisi. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11 (1) , 67-75 . https://doi.org/10.33631/duzcesbed.819460
• Berking, M., & Wupperman, P. (2012). Emotion regulation and mental health: recent findings, current challenges, and future directions. Current opinion in psychiatry, 25(2), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0b013e3283503669
• Bridges, L. J., Margie, N. G.,& Zaff, J. F. (2001). Background for community-level work on emotional well-being in adolescence: Reviewing the literature on contributing Factors. Washington, Dc: Child Trends. https://doi.org/10.1037/e316632004-001
• Bylsma Lm, Morris Bh, & Rottenberg J. (2008). A meta-analysis of emotional reactivity in major depressive disorder. Clinical Psychology Review;28:676-691. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2007.10.001.
• Cheung, R. Y., Bhowmik, M. K., & Hue, M. T. (2020). Why does acculturative stress elevate depressive symptoms? A longitudinal study with emotion regulation as a mediator. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 67(5), 645. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000412
• Crow, T., Cross, D., Powers, A., & Bradley, B. (2014). Emotion dysregulation as a mediator between childhood emotional abuse and current depression in a low-income African-American sample. Child abuse & neglect, 38(10), 1590–1598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.05.015
• Dahl, R. E. (2001). Affect regulation, brain development, and behavioral/emotional health in adolescence. Cns Spectrums, 6(1), 60-72. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900022884.
• Düsing, R., Radtke, E. L., Kuhl, J., Konrad, C., Vandekerckhove, M., & Quirin, M. (2021). Emotion regulation ability compensates for the depression-related negativity bias. Acta psychologica, 220, 103414. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103414
• Ehring, T., Fischer, S., Schnülle, J., Bösterling, A., & Tuschen-Caffier, B. (2008). Characteristics of emotion regulation in recovered depressed versus never depressed individuals. Personality and ındividual differences, 44, 1574-1584. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.01.013
• Ellis, A.J., Beevers, C.G., & Wells, T.T. (2009). Emotional dysregulation in dysphoria: support for emotion context insensitivity in response to performance based feedbeck. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental psychiatry;40:443-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.05.002.
• Ekinci, İ., & Ekinci, E. (2021). Evaluation of anxiety, depression, difficulty in emotion regulation and sleep quality in healthcare professionals during the Covid-19 pandemic; Comprehensive Medicine, 13(2): 61-68. DOI: 10.4274/iksstd.2021.04809
• Erpınar, Z. (2017), Duygu düzenleme, depresyon ve anksiyete arasındaki ilişkiler: yaş ve cinsiyet farklılıkları.[Master Dissertation, Haliç University]. CoHE Thesis Center.
• Fredrickson, B. L. (2003). The value of positive emotions: the emerging science of positive psychology is coming to understand why it's good to feel good. American Scientist, 91(4), 330-335. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27858244
• Fredrickson, B. L., Cohn, M. A., Coffey, K. A., Pek, J., & Finkel, S. M. (2008). Open hearts build lives: positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources. Journal Of Personality And Social Psychology, 95(5), 1045-1062. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013262
• Fu, L., Wang, P., Zhao, M., Xie, X., Chen, Y., & Nie, J. (2020). Can emotion regulation difficulty lead to adolescent problematic smartphone use? A moderated mediation model of depression and perceived social support. Children and Youth Services Review, 108, 104660. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104660
• Garnefski, N., Legerstee, J., Kraaij, V., Van Den Kommer, T., & Teerds, J. A. N. (2002). Cognitive coping strategies and symptoms of depression and anxiety: a comparison between adolescents and adults. Journal of Adolescence, 25(6), 603- 611. https://doi.org/10.1006/jado.2002.0507.
• Garnefski, N. & Kraaij, V. (2016). Specificity of relations between adolescents’ cognitive emotion regulation strategies and symptoms of depression and anxiety, Cognition and Emotion, https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2016.1232698
• Giromini, L., Velotti, P., de Campora, G., Bonalume, L., & Cesare Zavattini, G. (2012). Cultural adaptation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale: Reliability and validity of an Italian version. Journal of clinical psychology, 68(9), 989-1007.  https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21876.
• Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94
• Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review. Review of general psychology, 2, 271–299. Https://doi.org/10.1037/1089- 2680.2.3.271
• Gross, J. J., & Thompson, R. A. (2007). Emotion regulation: conceptual foundations. In j. J. Gross (ed.), handbook of emotion regulation (Pp. 3e24). New York: Guilford Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140130600971135.
• Gross, J. J. (2008). Emotion and emotion regulation: personality processes and individual differences. In o. P. John, r. W. Robins, & l. A. Pervin (eds.), Handbook Of Personality: Theory And Research (Pp. 701–724). The Guilford Press.
• Gross, J. J. (2013). Emotion regulation: Taking stock and moving forward. Emotion, 13(3), 359–365. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032135
• Güzel, H. Ş., Akkaya, G. & Altuntaş, M. (2021). Özgül öğrenme bozukluğu tanısı olan çocukların depresif belirtileri ve benlik algıları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi: Duygu düzenleme güçlüğünün aracı rolü. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 24(2), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.5505/kpd.2020.24008
• Ha, J. H., & Jue, J. (2018). The mediating effect of emotion ınhibition and emotion regulation between adolescents’ perceived parental psychological control and depression. SAGE Open, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018793680
• Haselgruber, A., Sölva, K., & Lueger-Schuster, B. (2020). Perspective matters: Differences between child- and caregiver-reports of emotion regulation mediating the relationship between cumulative childhood trauma and mental health problems in foster children. Child abuse & neglect, 107, 104558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104558
• Hu, T., Zhang, D., Wang, J., Mistry, R., Ran, G., & Wang, X. (2014). Relation between emotion regulation and mental health: a meta-analysis review. Psychological Reports, 114(2), 341–362. https://doi.org/10.2466/03.20.PR0.114k22w4.
• İşgören, G. (2018). Genç erişkinlerde bilişsel duygu düzenlemenin mükemmelliyetçilik ve depresyon ilişkisindeki rolü. [Master Dissertation, Işık University]. CoHE Thesis Center.
• Joormann, J., & Gotlib, I. H. (2010). Emotion regulation in depression: Relation to cognitive inhibition. Cognition & Emotion, 24(2), 281–298. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930903407948
• Joorman, J., & Siemer M (2014). Emotion regulation in mood disorders. In j. J. Gross, Handbook of Emotion Regulation (2nd Ed.). Guilford Press, New York, London.
• Joormann, J., & Stanton, C. H. (2016). Examining emotion regulation in depression: a review and future directions. Behaviour research and therapy, 86, 35–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2016.07.007
• Just, N., & Alloy, L. B. (1997). The response styles theory of depression: Tests and an extension of the theory. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106(2), 221–229. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.106.2.221
• Kavurma, M. (2014). Büyük depresyon, yaygın endişe ve panik krizindeki duygu gidişatımızın etkisindeki gelişmeler. [Master Dissertation, Dokuz Eylül University]. CoHE Thesis Center.
• Kayar, A. (2021). Üniversite öğrencilerinde çocukluk çağı travmasının depresif belirtiler ve kendine zarar verme davranışı ile ilişkisinde öz eleştirinin ve duygu düzenleme güçlüğünün aracı rolünün incelenmesi. [Master Dissertation, Hacettepe University]. CoHE Thesis Center.
• Keleş Altun, İ., & Atagün, M. İ.(2019). Sınır kişilik bozukluğunda benlik saygısı, duygu düzenleme güçlüğü ve duygulanım ilişkisi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 20(5):506-514. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.26250
• Kraft, L., Ebner, C., Leo, K., & Lindenberg, K. (2023). Emotion regulation strategies and symptoms of depression, anxiety, aggression, and addiction in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis and systematic review.Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/cps0000156
• Kring, A. M., & Werner, K. H. (2004). Emotion regulation and psychopathology. ın p. philippot, & r. s. feldman (eds.), the regulation of emotion (1st ed.), (pp. 359- 385). Mahvah, Nj: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
• Kring, A. M., & Sloan, D. S. (2010). Emotion regulation and psychopathology. New York: Guilford Press.
• Kullik, A., & Petermann, F. (2013). Attachment to parents and peers as a risk factor for adolescent depressive disorders: the mediating role of emotion regulation. Child psychiatry and human development, 44(4), 537–548. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-012-0347-5
• Leblebicioğlu, M. (2018). Algılanan stres, bilişsel duygu düzenleme stratejileri ve yeme tutumları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. [Master Dissertation, Maltepe University]. CoHE Thesis Center.
• Marganska, A., Gallagher, M., & Miranda, R. (2013). Adult attachment, emotion dysregulation, and symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety disorder. The American journal of orthopsychiatry, 83(1), 131–141. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajop.12001
• Martin, R. C., & Dahlen, E. R. (2005). Cognitive emotion regulation in the prediction of depression, anxiety, stress, and anger. Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 1249–1260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.06.004
• Masters, M. R., Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., & Farrell, L. J. (2019). Transactional associations between adolescents’ emotion dysregulation and symptoms of social anxiety and depression: a longitudinal study. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 39(8), 1085–1109. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431618806053
• Matsumoto , D. ( 2006 ). Are cultural diff erences in emotion regulation mediated by personality traits?, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 37 ( 4 ), 421 - 437 . https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022106288478
• Michopoulos, V., Powers, A., Moore, C., Villarreal, S., Ressler, K. J., & Bradley, B. (2015). The mediating role of emotion dysregulation and depression on the relationship between childhood trauma exposure and emotional eating. Appetite, 91, 129–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.03.036
• Min, J. A., Yu, J. J., Lee, C. U. & Chae, J. H. (2013). Cognitive emotion regulation strategies contributing to resilience in patients with depression and/or anxiety disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 54(8), 1190–1197. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Comppsych.2013.05.008
• Monopoli, W. J., Evans, S. W., Benson, K., Allan, N. P., Owens, J. S., DuPaul, G. J., & Bunford, N. (2020). Assessment of a conceptually informed measure of emotion dysregulation: Evidence of construct validity vis a vis impulsivity and internalizing symptoms in adolescents with ADHD. International journal of methods in psychiatric research, 29(4), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1826
• Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Aldao, A. (2011). Gender and age differences in emotion regulation strategies and their relationship to depressive symptoms. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(6), 704–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.06.012
• Oymak Yenilmez, D., Atagün, M. İ., Keleş Altun, İ., Tunç, S., Uzgel, M., Altınbaş, K., & Oral, E. T. (2019). Bipolar bozukluk ve yineleyici depresif bozuklukta çocukluk çağı travmaları ve duygu düzenleme güçlükleri ile bilişsel süreçler arasındaki ilişki. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 32(1), 8-16.. https://www.doi.org/10.5080/u23415
• Ötünçtemur, A., & Çam Kahraman, F. (2020). Bilişsel duygu düzenleme stratejileri ile depresyon ve psikolojik yardım almaya ilişkin tutumlar arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi. İstanbul Kent Üniversitesi İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, 1 (2), 50-74. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/itbfkent/issue/56863/789750
• Öztürk, M. O., & Uluşahin, A. (2014). Ruh Sağlığı ve Bozuklukları I. (12. Baskı). Ankara: Bayt Ltd. Şti.
• Pektaş, E. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinin algıladıkları ebeveyn kabul-reddi ile depresyon ve sürekli kaygı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi: Duygu düzenleme güçlüklerinin aracı rolü. [Master Dissertation, Hacettepe University]. CoHE Thesis Center. .
• Rottenberg, J., Gross, J. J., & Gotlib, I. H. (2005). Emotion context insensitivity in ajör depressive disorder. Journal of abnormal psychology, 114(4), 627–639. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.114.4.627.
• Türkçapar, M. H. (2019). Fark Et, Düşün, Hisset, Yaşa. 1. Baskı. İstanbul: Epsilon Yayınevi.
• Sağlam, F., Aslan, E., & Hurşitoğlu, O. (2020). BD patients and there is a positive correlation between difficulty in emotion regulation and impairment in functioning in depressive episodes, Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry,21(1):30-36. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.36087
• Schwartz , S. H., & Bardi , A. (2001). Value hierarchies across cultures taking a similarities perspective . Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32(3) , 268 – 290. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022101032003002
• Stikkelbroek, Y., Bodden, D., Kleinjan, M., Reijnders, M., & Van Baar, A. L. (2018). Correction: Adolescent depression and negative life Events, the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. PLOS ONE, 13(1), e0192300. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192300
• Sullivan, M., Bishop, S. M., & Pivik, J. (1995). The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: Development and validation. Psychological Assessment, 7(4), 524–532. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.7.4.524
• Şenel, A. F. & Çakmak Tolan, Ö. (2022). Ergenlerde internet bağımlılığının algılanan ebeveyn kabul/ reddi, duygu düzenleme ve psikolojik belirtiler bağlamında incelenmesi, International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences (IJOESS), 13(47), 1-22. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35826/ijoess.3062
• Watkins, E., & Teasdale, J. D. (2001). Rumination and overgeneral memory in depression: effects of self-focus and analytic thinking. Journal Of Abnormal Psychology, 110(2), 353-357. DOI: 10.1037/0021-843x.110.2.333
• Wolf, J., Danno, D., Takeshima, T., Vancleef, L., Yoshikawa, H., Gaul, C. (2019). The relation between emotion regulation and migraine: A cross-cultural study on the moderating effect of culture. Cephalalgia. 40. https://doi.org/10.1177/0333102419885394.
• Wu, H., Tang, P., Huang, X., Hu, X., & Luo, Y. (2013). Differentiating electrophysiological response to decrease and increase negative emotion regulation. Chinese Sci. Bullet. 58, 1543–1550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-013-5746-x
• Yıldız, F. (2018). Ergenlerde bilişsel esneklik ile psikolojik belirtiler arasındaki ilişkide duygu düzenleme güçlüğünün aracı rolünün incelenmesi. [Master Dissertation, Mersin University]. CoHE Thesis Center.
• Yumuşak, F. N. (2019). Üniversite öğrencilerinde duygu düzenleme güçlüğü ve duygusal tepkiselliğin psikolojik belirtiler ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi. [Master Dissertation, Fatih Sultan Mehmet University]. CoHE Thesis Center.