Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Karanlık Üçlü Kişilik Özellikleri ile Dürtüsellik ve Heyecan Arama Davranışları Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 54, 857 - 881, 23.09.2019

Seydi Ahmet Satıcı , Ahmet Rıfat Kayiş , Muhammet Fatih Yılmaz , Bahtiyar Eraslan-çapan

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı karanlık üçlü kişilik özellikleri ile dürtüsellik ve heyecan arama davranışları arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesidir. Araştırma 332 (198 kadın, 134 erkek) üniversite öğrencisinin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri Karanlık Üçlü Ölçeği, Barratt Dürtüsellik Ölçeği ve Arnett Heyecan Arama Ölçeği aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmada değişkenler arası ilişkiler Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon Katsayıları aracılığıyla incelenirken karanlık üçlü kişilik özelliklerinin heyecan arama ve dürtüsellik üzerindeki yordayıcılığını belirlemek için çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonucunda motor dürtüselliğin, psikopati ve narsisizm tarafından pozitif yönde anlamlı yordandığı bulunurken, makyevelizm tarafından anlamlı yordanmadığı bulunmuştur. Benzer şekilde dikkat dürtüselliğinin de psikopati ve narsisizm tarafından pozitif yönde anlamlı yordandığı bulunurken, makyevelizm tarafından anlamlı düzeyde yordanmadığı bulunmuştur. Heyecan aramayı ise yalnızca psikopatinin negatif yönde anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak karanlık üçlü kişilik özelliklerine yatkınlığı olan bireylerin dürtüsel ve kendilerinin zarar görebileceği davranışlarda bulunma konusunda risk taşıdıkları ifade edilebilir.

Keywords

Makyavelizm, psikopati, narsisizm, dürtüsellik, heyecan arama

References

• Akhtar, R., Winsborough, D., Ort, U., Johnson, A., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2018). Detecting the dark side of personality using social media status updates. Personality and Individual Differences, 132, 90-97.
• Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği (Çev., Köroğlu, E.) (2013). Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal Elkitabı (DSM-V). (5. baskı). HYB Yayıncılık, Ankara.
• Arnett, J. (1994). Sensation seeking: A new conceptualization and a new scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 16(2), 289-296.
• Arnett, J. J. (1996). Sensation seeking, aggressiveness, and adolescent reckless behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 20(6), 693-702.
• Arnett, J. J. (1999). Adolescent storm and stress, reconsidered. American psychologist, 54(5), 317.
• Arrigo, B. A., & Shipley, S. (2001). The confusion over psychopathy (I): Historical considerations. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 45(3), 325-344.
• Bogart, K., Geis, F. L., Levy, M., & Zimbardo, P. (1970). No dissonance for Machiavellians. Studies in Machiavellianism, 236-259.
• Bolys, M., Kotobi, L., & Furnham, A. (2017). How “Dark Side” Personality Traits Affect Social Network Position. Psychology, 8(04), 550.
• Brinkley, C. A., Schmitt, W. A., Smith, S. S., & Newman, J. P. (2001). Construct validation of a self-report psychopathy scale: does Levenson's self-report psychopathy scale measure the same constructs as Hare's psychopathy checklist-revised?. Personality and Individual Differences, 31(7), 1021-1038.
• Burtăverde, V., Chraif, M., Aniţei, M., & Mihăilă, T. (2016). The incremental validity of the dark triad in predicting driving aggression. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 96, 1-11.
• Caci, H., Nadalet, L., Baylé, F. J., Robert, P., & Boyer, P. (2003). Functional and dysfunctional impulsivity: contribution to the construct validity. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 107(1), 34-40.
• Chabrol, H., Van Leeuwen, N., Rodgers, R., & Séjourné, N. (2009). Contributions of psychopathic, narcissistic, Machiavellian, and sadistic personality traits to juvenile delinquency. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(7), 734-739.
• Chamorro, J., Bernardi, S., Potenza, M. N., Grant, J. E., Marsh, R., Wang, S., & Blanco, C. (2012). Impulsivity in the general population: a national study. Journal of psychiatric research, 46(8), 994-1001.
• Christie, R., & Geis, F. (1970). Scale construction. Studies in Machiavellianism, 10-34.
• Crysel, L. C., Crosier, B. S., & Webster, G. D. (2013). The Dark Triad and risk behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 54(1), 35-40.
• De Wit, H. (2009). Impulsivity as a determinant and consequence of drug use: a review of underlying processes. Addiction biology, 14(1), 22-31.
• Donohew, L., Palmgreen, P. & Lorch, E.P. (1994). Attention, need for sensation and health communication campaigns. American Behavioral Scientist, 38, 310-322.
• Endriulaitienė, A., Šeibokaitė, L., Žardeckaitė-Matulaitienė, K., Markšaitytė, R., & Slavinskienė, J. (2018). Attitudes towards risky driving and Dark Triad personality traits in a group of learner drivers. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 56, 362-370.
• Fite, P. J., Raine, A., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Loeber, R., & Pardini, D. A. (2010). Reactive and proactive aggression in adolescent males: Examining differential outcomes 10 years later in early adulthood. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 37(2), 141-157.
• Friedman, J. N., Oltmanns, T. F., Gleason, M. E., & Turkheimer, E. (2006). Mixed impressions: Reactions of strangers to people with pathological personality traits. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(4), 395-410.
• Furnham, A., Richards, S. C., & Paulhus, D. L. (2013). The Dark Triad of personality: A 10- year review. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 7(3), 199-216.
• Geçtan, E. (2010). Psikodinamik Psikiyatri ve Normaldışı Davranışlar (19. bs.). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
• Granö, N., Virtanen, M., Vahtera, J., Elovainio, M., & Kivimäki, M. (2004). Impulsivity as a predictor of smoking and alcohol consumption. Personality and individual differences, 37(8), 1693-1700.
• Gullone, E., Moore, S., Moss, S., & Boyd, C. (2000). The Adolescent Risk-Taking Questionnaire Development and Psychometric Evaluation. Journal of Adolescent Research, 15(2), 231-250.
• Itani, O., Kaneita, Y., Munezawa, T., Ikeda, M., Osaki, Y., Higuchi, S., ... & Ohida, T. (2016). Anger and Impulsivity Among Japanese Adolescents: A Nationwide Representative Survey. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 77(7), e860-6.
• Hansen, E. B., & Breivik, G. (2001). Sensation seeking as a predictor of positive and negative risk behaviour among adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(4), 627-640.
• Jonah, B. A., Thiessen, R., & Au-Yeung, E. (2001). Sensation seeking, risky driving and behavioral adaptation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 33(5), 679-684.
• Jonason, P. K., & Tost, J. (2010). I just cannot control myself: The Dark Triad and selfcontrol. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(6), 611-615.
• Jonason, P. K., & Webster, G. D. (2010). The dirty dozen: a concise measure of the dark triad. Psychological Assessment, 22(2), 420.
• Jonason, P. K., Luevano, V. X., & Adams, H. M. (2012). How the Dark Triad traits predict relationship choices. Personality and Individual Differences, 53(3), 180-184.
• Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2011). The role of impulsivity in the Dark Triad of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(5), 679-682.
• Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2009). Machiavellianism. M. R. Leary & R. H. Hoyle (Eds.), Handbook of Individual Differences in Social Behavior (ss. 93–108). New York: Guilford.
• Kawa, M., & Shafi, H. (2015). Evaluation of internet addiction, impulsivity and psychological distress among university students. Int J Clin Ther Diagn, 3(1), 70-76.
• Knaebe, B., Rodda, S. N., Hodgins, D. C., & Lubman, D. I. (2019). Behaviour change strategies endorsed by gamblers subtyped by psychological distress, risky alcohol use, and impulsivity. Journal of gambling studies, 35(1), 275-292.
• Laird, R. D., Pettit, G. S., Bates, J. E., & Dodge, K. A. (2003). Parents' monitoring‐relevant knowledge and adolescents' delinquent behavior: evidence of correlated developmental changes and reciprocal influences. Child development, 74(3), 752-768.
• Lissek S. ve Powers A.S. (2003). Sensation seeking and startle modulation by physically threatening images. Biological Psychology, 63(2), 179-197.
• Lyons, M. (2019). The Dark Triad of Personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism and Psychopathy in Everyday Life. Elsevier: London
• Malesza, M., & Ostaszewski, P. (2016). The utility of the Dark Triad model in the prediction of the self-reported and behavioral risk-taking behaviors among adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 90, 7-11.
• Meil, W. M., LaPorte, D. J., Mills, J. A., Sesti, A., Collins, S. M., & Stiver, A. G. (2016). Sensation seeking and executive deficits in relation to alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use frequency among university students: Value of ecologically based measures. Addictive behaviors, 62, 135-144.
• Miller, J. D., Dir, A., Gentile, B., Wilson, L., Pryor, L. R., & Campbell, W. K. (2010). Searching for a vulnerable dark triad: Comparing factor 2 psychopathy, vulnerable narcissism, and borderline personality disorder. Journal of personality, 78(5), 1529-1564.
• Moustafa, A. A., Tindle, R., Frydecka, D., & Misiak, B. (2017). Impulsivity and its relationship with anxiety, depression and stress. Comprehensive psychiatry, 74, 173-179.
• Mudrack, P. E. (1990). Machiavellianism and locus o f control: A meta-analytic review. The Journal o f Social Psychology. 130(1), 125-126.
• O’Boyle, E. H., Forsyth, D., Banks, G. C., & Story, P. A. (2013). A meta-analytic review of the Dark Triad–intelligence connection. Journal of Research in Personality, 47(6), 789-794.
• Patton, J. H., Stanford, M. S., & Barratt, E. S. (1995). Factor structure of the Barratt impulsiveness scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51(6), 768-774.
• Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(6), 556-563.
• Proimos, J., DuRant, R. H., Pierce, J. D., & Goodman, E. (1998). Gambling and other risk behaviors among 8th-to 12th-grade students. Pediatrics, 102(2), e23-e23.
• Rahemi, Z., Ajorpaz, N. M., Esfahani, M. S., & Aghajani, M. (2017). Sensation-seeking and factors related to dangerous driving behaviors among Iranian drivers. Personality and Individual Differences, 116, 314-318.
• Ronningstam, E. (2010). Narcissistic personality disorder: a current review. Current Psychiatry Reports, 12(1), 68-75.
• Satıcı, S. A., Kayiş, A. R., Yılmaz, M. F., & Eraslan-Çapan, B. (2018). Dirty Dozen Scale: A study of adaptation to Turkish university students. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 19(Special issue 1), 34-40.
• Schulsinger, F. (1972). Psychopathy: Heredity and environment. International Journal of Mental Health, 190-206.
• Snowden, R. J., & Gray, N. S. (2011). Impulsivity and psychopathy: Associations between the Barrett Impulsivity Scale and the Psychopathy Checklist revised. Psychiatry Research, 187(3), 414-417.
• Stenason, L., & Vernon, P. A. (2016). The Dark Triad, reinforcement sensitivity and substance use. Personality and Individual Differences, 94, 59-63.
• Stevens, J. R. (2017). Impulsivity: How Time and Risk Influence Decision Making. Springer: USA.
• Sümer, N. (2003). Personality and behavioral predictors of traffic accidents: Testing a contextual mediated model. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 35(6), 949-964.
• Tamam, L., Güleç, H., & Karataş, G. (2013). Barratt Dürtüsellik Ölçeği Kısa Formu (BIS-11- KF) Türkçe Uyarlama Çalışması. Noropsikiatri Arsivi, 50(2), 130-134.
• Thomaes, S., Bushman, B. J., De Castro, B. O., & Stegge, H. (2009). What makes narcissists bloom? A framework for research on the etiology and development of narcissism. Development and Psychopathology, 21(04), 1233-1247.
• Trombly, D. R., & Zeigler-Hill, V. (2017). The Dark Triad and Disordered Gambling. Current Psychology, 36(4), 740-746.
• Vazire, S., & Funder, D. C. (2006). Impulsivity and the self-defeating behavior of narcissists. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10(2), 154-165.
• Webster, C. D. & Jackson, M. A. (1997). Impulsivity: Theory, Assessment, and Treatment. The Guilford Pres: New York.
• Zuckerman M ve Kuhlman D.M. (2000). Personality and risk taking: common biosocial factors. Journal of Personality, 68(6):999-1029.
• Zuckerman, M. (1994). Behavioral expressions and biosocial bases of sensation seeking. New York, NY, US: Cambridge University Press.
• Zuckerman, M., Eyseck, S. and Eysenck, H.J. (1978). Sensation seeking in England and America: Cross-cultural and sex comparison. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46(1), 139-149.
• Zuckerman, M., Kolin, E. A., Price, L., & Zoob, I. (1964). Development of a sensation-seeking scale. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 28(6), 477-482.