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Cross-Cultural Examination: Establishing Validity and Reliability of SRP 4 for Arabic Speakers

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 76, 100 - 115, 31.03.2025

Abstract

The study was conducted to address the need for scales to measure traits, in individuals aged 18 and older in Saudi Arabia with a strong emphasis on cultural relevance in psychological assessments by examining the Arabic Version of the Self-report Psychopathy Scale (AV SRP 4). The validation and reliability tests were carried out on a group of 921 college students in Saudi Arabia as a step towards validating the tool, for use within this setting. The study’s approach involved analysis to establish the accuracy and consistency of the AV SRP 4 tool. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate the scale's validity. The CFA outcomes supported a four-factor model suggesting that the AV SRP 4 adequately represents the aspects of psychopathy as defined in the scale. This study looked at aspects like how people interact with each other and their emotions and behaviors, like unpredictability and antisocial actions that are important when evaluating characteristics thoroughly. Ensuring the dependability of the research was also an area of interest in this investigation. Researchers used both Cronbach’s (α) and Guttman Split Half coefficient to assess how consistent the scale was internally. The outcomes showed a level of reliability for the AV SRP 4 scale which suggests that the results it yields are reliable, across uses. The strong dependability of this tool gives reassurance that the AV SRP 4 could serve as a method for evaluating tendencies in Arabic-speaking communities. This is especially relevant, in the context of Saudi Arabia.

References

  • Al-Subaihi, A. A. (2003). Sample size determination: Influencing factors and calculation strategies for survey research. Neurosciences Journal, 8(2), 79–86.
  • Bagozzi, R. P. (1993). Assessing construct validity in personality research: Applications to measures of self-esteem. Journal of Research in Personality, 27(1), 49–87. https://doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.1993.1005
  • Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine, 25, 3186–3191. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200012150-00014
  • Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 238–246. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.107.2.238
  • Bollen, K. A., & Long, J. S. (Eds.). (1993). Testing structural equation models (Vol. 154). Sage.
  • Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford Publications.
  • Carneiro, G. N., Abud, A. B., & de Oliveira Souza, R. (2018). Psychometric properties of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-4 (SRP-4) in a Brazilian sample. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 37(Suppl 1), 59–64.
  • Crego, C., & Widiger, T. A. (2014). Psychopathy, DSM-5, and a caution. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 5(4), 335–345. https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000078
  • Dahlstrom, W. G., & Welsh, G. S. (1960). An MMPI handbook: A guide to use in clinical practice and research.
  • Ducro, C., Saloppé, X., & Pham, T. (2016). Validity of the French-language version of Hare’s Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP-III) in community, forensic, and clinical samples. Acta Psychiatrica Belgica, 116, 29–40.
  • Echeverría, M. J., Colubi, F., & Munita, M. Á. (2016). Validation of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-4 (SRP-4) in a Spanish sample. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 16(3), 265–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2016.06.00
  • El Keshky, M. E. S. (2022). Psychometric properties of an Arabic version of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen Scale. Australian Journal of Psychology, 74(1), 2138543. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2022.2138543
  • Ghossoub, E., Itani, H., Touma Sawaya, R., Ghanime, P. M., Cherro, M., Elbejjani, M., Barakat, M., & El Asmar, K. (2024). Validation of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy (LSRP) scale in the non-institutionalized Lebanese population. BMC Psychiatry, 24(1), 72. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05499-4
  • Gordts, S., Uzieblo, K., Neumann, C., Van den Bussche, E., & Rossi, G. (2017). Validity of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scales (SRP-III full and short versions) in a community sample. Assessment, 24, 308–325. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191115606205
  • Gough, H. G. (1969). Manual for the California Psychological Inventory. Consulting Psychological Press. https://doi.org/10.1037/t00771-000
  • Hambleton, R. K., & Lee, M. K. (2013). Methods for translating and adapting tests to increase cross-language validity. In K. F. Geisinger (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Child Psychological Assessment (pp. 172–181). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199796304.013.0008
  • Hambleton, R. K., & Li, S. (2005). Translation and adaptation issues and methods for educational and psychological tests. In C. L. Frisby & C. R. Reynolds (Eds.), Comprehensive Handbook of Multicultural School Psychology (pp. 881–903). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Hare, R. D. (1991). The Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. Multi-Health Systems. https://doi.org/10.1037/t01167-000
  • Hare, R. D. (1980). A research scale for the assessment of psychopathy in criminal populations. Personality and Individual Differences, 1, 111–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(80)90028-8
  • Hare, R. D. (1985). Comparison of procedures for the assessment of psychopathy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.53.1.7
  • Hare, R. D. (2003). Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. Psychological Assessment.
  • Hare, R. D., Neumann, C. S., & Mokros, A. (2018). The PCL-R assessment of psychopathy: Development, properties, debates, and new directions.
  • Hart, S. D., & Lilienfeld, S. O. (2018). The Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-4 (SRP-4): A review of its psychometric properties and clinical utility. Psychological Assessment, 30(8), 996–1010.
  • Hernández, A., Hidalgo, M. D., Hambleton, R. K., & Gómez Benito, J. (2020). International Test Commission guidelines for test adaptation: A criterion checklist. Psicothema, 32(3), 390–398. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2019.306.
  • Knack, N., Blais, J., Baglole, J. S., & Stevenson, A. (2021). Susceptibility of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP 4) to response distortion and the utility of including validity indices to detect deception. Psychological Assessment, 33(12), 1181. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0001044
  • Latzman, R. D., Megreya, A. M., Hecht, L. K., & others. (2015). Self-reported psychopathy in the Middle East: A cross-national comparison across Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United States. BMC Psychology, 3, 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-015-0095-y
  • Leone, L., Perugini, M., Bagozzi, R. P., Pierro, A., & Mannetti, L. (2001). Construct validity and generalizability of the Carver-White behavioral inhibition system/behavioral activation system. European Journal of Personality, 15, 373–390. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.415
  • Leone, L., Van der Zee, K. I., van Oudenhoven, J. P., Perugini, M., & Ercolani, A. P. (2005). The cross-cultural generalizability and validity of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 38(6), 1449–1462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.09.010
  • Leung, K., Ang, S., & Tan, M. L. (2014). Intercultural competence. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1(1), 489–519. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091229
  • Lilienfeld, J. M., Meier, B. P., & Patrick, J. R. (2017). Psychometric properties of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-4 (SRP-4) in a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 29(11), 1074–1089.
  • Lynam, D. R., Gaughan, E. T., Miller, J. D., Miller, D. J., Mullins-Sweatt, S., & Widiger, T. A. (2011). Assessing the basic traits associated with psychopathy: Development and validation of the Elemental Psychopathy Assessment. Psychological Assessment, 23(1), 108. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021146
  • Massa, A. A., & Eckhardt, C. I. (2017). Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP). In V. Zeigler-Hill & T. Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of personality and individual differences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_83-1
  • Megreya, A. M., Alrashidi, M., & Al-Dosari, N. F. (2022). Evaluating self-reported psychopathy and associations with personality traits outside the WEIRD countries: Evidence from two Arabic-speaking Middle Eastern countries. Mental Health, Religion & Culture. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2021.1999401
  • Miller, J. D., & Lynam, D. R. (2012). An examination of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory's nomological network: A meta-analytic review. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 3(3), 305. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024567
  • Neumann, C. S., & Hare, R. D. (2008). Psychopathic traits in a large community sample: Links to violence, alcohol use, and intelligence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(5), 893. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.76.5.893
  • Neumann, C. S., & Pardini, D. (2014). Factor structure and construct validity of the Self-Report Psychopathy (SRP) Scale and the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI) in young men. Journal of Personality Disorders, 28(3), 419–433. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2012_26_063
  • Neumann, C. S., Hare, R. D., & Pardini, D. A. (2015). Antisociality and the construct of psychopathy: Data from across the globe. Journal of Personality, 83(6), 678–692. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12127
  • Neumann, C. S., Hare, R. D., & Paulhus, D. L. (2016). Manual for the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-4 (SRP-4). Hogrefe.
  • Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory. McGraw-Hill.
  • Paulhus, D. L., Neumann, C. S., & Hare, R. D. (2016). Manual for the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale. Multi-Health Systems.
  • Paulhus, D. L., Neumann, C. S., Hare, R. D., Williams, K. M., & Hemphill, J. F. (2017). Self-Report Psychopathy Scale 4th Edition (SRP 4) manual. Multi-Health Systems Incorporated.
  • Roy, S., & Neumann, C. S. (2022). The Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-Fourth Edition. In P. K. Jonason (Ed.), Shining Light on the Dark Side of Personality: Measurement Properties and Theoretical Advances (p. 128). Hogrefe.
  • Sánchez-Bojórquez, P., Caraveo-Anduaga, J. J., Rivera-Aragón, S., Rosas-Hernández, C. A., & García-López, E. (2022). Self-Report Psychopathy Scale Short Form 4ª edición: Adaptación y modelamiento estructural en población penitenciaria mexicana. Anuario de Psicología Jurídica, 32(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.5093/apj2021a15
  • Sleep, C. E., Lynam, D. R., Widiger, T. A., Crowe, M. L., & Miller, J. D. (2019). Difficulties with the conceptualization and assessment of Criterion A in the DSM-5 alternative model of personality disorder: A reply to Morey (2019).
  • Psychological Assessment. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000758
  • Sousa, C., Gonçalves, G., Santos, J., & Orgambídez-Ramos, A. (2019). The relationship between multicultural competencies and intercultural contact: Multicultural personality and cultural intelligence. Psicologia & Sociedade, 31. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-0310/2019v31166867
  • Stat, G. (2019). General Authority of Statistics. General Authority for Statistics, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
  • Tew, J., Harkins, L., & Dixon, L. (2015). Assessing the reliability and validity of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scales in a UK offender population. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 26(2), 166–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2014.981565
  • Trajtenberg, N., Ribera, O., Nivette, A., Mayer, E., & Neumann, C. (2023). Assessing the validity of the Self-Report of Psychopathy Short-Form (SRP-SF) in incarcerated offenders from Chile and Uruguay. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 87, 101867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2023.101867
  • Tsang, S., Royse, C. F., & Terkawi, A. S. (2017). Guidelines for developing, translating, and validating a questionnaire in perioperative and pain medicine. Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia, 11(Suppl 1), S80–S89. https://doi.org/10.4103/sja.SJA_203_17modeling. In B. G. Tabachnick & L. S. Fidell (Eds.), Using multivariate statistics. Pearson Education.
  • Ursachi, G., Horodnic, I. A., & Zait, A. (2015). How reliable are measurement scales? Procedia Economics and Finance, 20, 679–686. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00123-9.
  • Williams, A., Grounds, A., & Skeoch, M. (2015). Assessing the reliability and validity of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scales in a UK offender population. Journal of Personality Disorders, 29(4), 496–512. https://doi.org/ [Insert DOI if available]
  • Williams, K. M., & Paulhus, D. L. (2004). Factor structure of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP-II) in non-forensic samples. Personality and Individual Differences, 37(4), 765–778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2003.11.004
  • Williams, K. M., Paulhus, D. L., & Hare, R. D. (2007). Capturing the four-factor structure of psychopathy in college students via self-report. Journal of Personality Assessment, 88(2), 205–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890701268074.
Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 76, 100 - 115, 31.03.2025

Abstract

References

  • Al-Subaihi, A. A. (2003). Sample size determination: Influencing factors and calculation strategies for survey research. Neurosciences Journal, 8(2), 79–86.
  • Bagozzi, R. P. (1993). Assessing construct validity in personality research: Applications to measures of self-esteem. Journal of Research in Personality, 27(1), 49–87. https://doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.1993.1005
  • Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine, 25, 3186–3191. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200012150-00014
  • Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 238–246. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.107.2.238
  • Bollen, K. A., & Long, J. S. (Eds.). (1993). Testing structural equation models (Vol. 154). Sage.
  • Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford Publications.
  • Carneiro, G. N., Abud, A. B., & de Oliveira Souza, R. (2018). Psychometric properties of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-4 (SRP-4) in a Brazilian sample. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 37(Suppl 1), 59–64.
  • Crego, C., & Widiger, T. A. (2014). Psychopathy, DSM-5, and a caution. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 5(4), 335–345. https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000078
  • Dahlstrom, W. G., & Welsh, G. S. (1960). An MMPI handbook: A guide to use in clinical practice and research.
  • Ducro, C., Saloppé, X., & Pham, T. (2016). Validity of the French-language version of Hare’s Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP-III) in community, forensic, and clinical samples. Acta Psychiatrica Belgica, 116, 29–40.
  • Echeverría, M. J., Colubi, F., & Munita, M. Á. (2016). Validation of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-4 (SRP-4) in a Spanish sample. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 16(3), 265–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2016.06.00
  • El Keshky, M. E. S. (2022). Psychometric properties of an Arabic version of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen Scale. Australian Journal of Psychology, 74(1), 2138543. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2022.2138543
  • Ghossoub, E., Itani, H., Touma Sawaya, R., Ghanime, P. M., Cherro, M., Elbejjani, M., Barakat, M., & El Asmar, K. (2024). Validation of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy (LSRP) scale in the non-institutionalized Lebanese population. BMC Psychiatry, 24(1), 72. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05499-4
  • Gordts, S., Uzieblo, K., Neumann, C., Van den Bussche, E., & Rossi, G. (2017). Validity of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scales (SRP-III full and short versions) in a community sample. Assessment, 24, 308–325. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191115606205
  • Gough, H. G. (1969). Manual for the California Psychological Inventory. Consulting Psychological Press. https://doi.org/10.1037/t00771-000
  • Hambleton, R. K., & Lee, M. K. (2013). Methods for translating and adapting tests to increase cross-language validity. In K. F. Geisinger (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Child Psychological Assessment (pp. 172–181). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199796304.013.0008
  • Hambleton, R. K., & Li, S. (2005). Translation and adaptation issues and methods for educational and psychological tests. In C. L. Frisby & C. R. Reynolds (Eds.), Comprehensive Handbook of Multicultural School Psychology (pp. 881–903). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Hare, R. D. (1991). The Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. Multi-Health Systems. https://doi.org/10.1037/t01167-000
  • Hare, R. D. (1980). A research scale for the assessment of psychopathy in criminal populations. Personality and Individual Differences, 1, 111–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(80)90028-8
  • Hare, R. D. (1985). Comparison of procedures for the assessment of psychopathy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.53.1.7
  • Hare, R. D. (2003). Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. Psychological Assessment.
  • Hare, R. D., Neumann, C. S., & Mokros, A. (2018). The PCL-R assessment of psychopathy: Development, properties, debates, and new directions.
  • Hart, S. D., & Lilienfeld, S. O. (2018). The Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-4 (SRP-4): A review of its psychometric properties and clinical utility. Psychological Assessment, 30(8), 996–1010.
  • Hernández, A., Hidalgo, M. D., Hambleton, R. K., & Gómez Benito, J. (2020). International Test Commission guidelines for test adaptation: A criterion checklist. Psicothema, 32(3), 390–398. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2019.306.
  • Knack, N., Blais, J., Baglole, J. S., & Stevenson, A. (2021). Susceptibility of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP 4) to response distortion and the utility of including validity indices to detect deception. Psychological Assessment, 33(12), 1181. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0001044
  • Latzman, R. D., Megreya, A. M., Hecht, L. K., & others. (2015). Self-reported psychopathy in the Middle East: A cross-national comparison across Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United States. BMC Psychology, 3, 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-015-0095-y
  • Leone, L., Perugini, M., Bagozzi, R. P., Pierro, A., & Mannetti, L. (2001). Construct validity and generalizability of the Carver-White behavioral inhibition system/behavioral activation system. European Journal of Personality, 15, 373–390. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.415
  • Leone, L., Van der Zee, K. I., van Oudenhoven, J. P., Perugini, M., & Ercolani, A. P. (2005). The cross-cultural generalizability and validity of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 38(6), 1449–1462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.09.010
  • Leung, K., Ang, S., & Tan, M. L. (2014). Intercultural competence. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1(1), 489–519. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091229
  • Lilienfeld, J. M., Meier, B. P., & Patrick, J. R. (2017). Psychometric properties of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-4 (SRP-4) in a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 29(11), 1074–1089.
  • Lynam, D. R., Gaughan, E. T., Miller, J. D., Miller, D. J., Mullins-Sweatt, S., & Widiger, T. A. (2011). Assessing the basic traits associated with psychopathy: Development and validation of the Elemental Psychopathy Assessment. Psychological Assessment, 23(1), 108. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021146
  • Massa, A. A., & Eckhardt, C. I. (2017). Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP). In V. Zeigler-Hill & T. Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of personality and individual differences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_83-1
  • Megreya, A. M., Alrashidi, M., & Al-Dosari, N. F. (2022). Evaluating self-reported psychopathy and associations with personality traits outside the WEIRD countries: Evidence from two Arabic-speaking Middle Eastern countries. Mental Health, Religion & Culture. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2021.1999401
  • Miller, J. D., & Lynam, D. R. (2012). An examination of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory's nomological network: A meta-analytic review. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 3(3), 305. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024567
  • Neumann, C. S., & Hare, R. D. (2008). Psychopathic traits in a large community sample: Links to violence, alcohol use, and intelligence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(5), 893. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.76.5.893
  • Neumann, C. S., & Pardini, D. (2014). Factor structure and construct validity of the Self-Report Psychopathy (SRP) Scale and the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI) in young men. Journal of Personality Disorders, 28(3), 419–433. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2012_26_063
  • Neumann, C. S., Hare, R. D., & Pardini, D. A. (2015). Antisociality and the construct of psychopathy: Data from across the globe. Journal of Personality, 83(6), 678–692. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12127
  • Neumann, C. S., Hare, R. D., & Paulhus, D. L. (2016). Manual for the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-4 (SRP-4). Hogrefe.
  • Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory. McGraw-Hill.
  • Paulhus, D. L., Neumann, C. S., & Hare, R. D. (2016). Manual for the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale. Multi-Health Systems.
  • Paulhus, D. L., Neumann, C. S., Hare, R. D., Williams, K. M., & Hemphill, J. F. (2017). Self-Report Psychopathy Scale 4th Edition (SRP 4) manual. Multi-Health Systems Incorporated.
  • Roy, S., & Neumann, C. S. (2022). The Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-Fourth Edition. In P. K. Jonason (Ed.), Shining Light on the Dark Side of Personality: Measurement Properties and Theoretical Advances (p. 128). Hogrefe.
  • Sánchez-Bojórquez, P., Caraveo-Anduaga, J. J., Rivera-Aragón, S., Rosas-Hernández, C. A., & García-López, E. (2022). Self-Report Psychopathy Scale Short Form 4ª edición: Adaptación y modelamiento estructural en población penitenciaria mexicana. Anuario de Psicología Jurídica, 32(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.5093/apj2021a15
  • Sleep, C. E., Lynam, D. R., Widiger, T. A., Crowe, M. L., & Miller, J. D. (2019). Difficulties with the conceptualization and assessment of Criterion A in the DSM-5 alternative model of personality disorder: A reply to Morey (2019).
  • Psychological Assessment. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000758
  • Sousa, C., Gonçalves, G., Santos, J., & Orgambídez-Ramos, A. (2019). The relationship between multicultural competencies and intercultural contact: Multicultural personality and cultural intelligence. Psicologia & Sociedade, 31. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-0310/2019v31166867
  • Stat, G. (2019). General Authority of Statistics. General Authority for Statistics, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
  • Tew, J., Harkins, L., & Dixon, L. (2015). Assessing the reliability and validity of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scales in a UK offender population. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 26(2), 166–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2014.981565
  • Trajtenberg, N., Ribera, O., Nivette, A., Mayer, E., & Neumann, C. (2023). Assessing the validity of the Self-Report of Psychopathy Short-Form (SRP-SF) in incarcerated offenders from Chile and Uruguay. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 87, 101867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2023.101867
  • Tsang, S., Royse, C. F., & Terkawi, A. S. (2017). Guidelines for developing, translating, and validating a questionnaire in perioperative and pain medicine. Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia, 11(Suppl 1), S80–S89. https://doi.org/10.4103/sja.SJA_203_17modeling. In B. G. Tabachnick & L. S. Fidell (Eds.), Using multivariate statistics. Pearson Education.
  • Ursachi, G., Horodnic, I. A., & Zait, A. (2015). How reliable are measurement scales? Procedia Economics and Finance, 20, 679–686. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00123-9.
  • Williams, A., Grounds, A., & Skeoch, M. (2015). Assessing the reliability and validity of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scales in a UK offender population. Journal of Personality Disorders, 29(4), 496–512. https://doi.org/ [Insert DOI if available]
  • Williams, K. M., & Paulhus, D. L. (2004). Factor structure of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP-II) in non-forensic samples. Personality and Individual Differences, 37(4), 765–778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2003.11.004
  • Williams, K. M., Paulhus, D. L., & Hare, R. D. (2007). Capturing the four-factor structure of psychopathy in college students via self-report. Journal of Personality Assessment, 88(2), 205–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890701268074.
There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychological Counseling Education
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Haifa Albokai 0009-0000-9171-4647

Ali Alsubaihi 0009-0007-8268-3720

Publication Date March 31, 2025
Submission Date February 26, 2024
Acceptance Date August 31, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 15 Issue: 76

Cite

APA Albokai, H., & Alsubaihi, A. (2025). Cross-Cultural Examination: Establishing Validity and Reliability of SRP 4 for Arabic Speakers. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 15(76), 100-115. https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1443457

!! From 30 November 2023, English language proofreading will be required for accepted articles to ensure language quality.