Balıkçı barınağındaki mikroplastik kirliliğinin belirlenmesinde Diadema setosum 'un gösterge olarak kullanılması

Year 2024, In Press Articles, 1 - 15

Ece Kılıç , Erkan Uğurlu

https://doi.org/10.52998/trjmms.1479819

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Diadema setosum'u biyoindikatör olarak kullanarak bir balıkçı barınağındaki potansiyel mikroplastik kontaminasyon riskini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Mikroplastik (MP) kirlilik seviyeleri ve bunların deniz biyotası üzerindeki potansiyel etkileri, kıyı ve açık deniz ortamlarıyla karşılaştırıldığında hala bilinmemektedir. Bu amaçla 19 D. setosum bireyi toplanmış ve gastrointestinal sistem (GİS) ve gonaddaki mikroplastik bolluğu araştırılmıştır. GİS'teki ortalama mikroplastik bolluğu kişi başına 3,0 MPs±3,1 MP ve ıslak ağırlığın gramı başına 0,9±1,0 MP olarak bulundu. Gonaddaki ortalama mikroplastik miktarı birey başına 0,3±0,6 MP ve yaş ağırlık başına 0,08±0,2 MP olarak bulundu. Tüm MP'ler arasında, ekstrakte edilen MP'lerin %45'inin fiber, %44’ünün fragment ve %11’inin pellet olduğu bulunmuştur. Boyutla ilgili olarak, GIT'ten çıkarılan MP'lerin çoğunluğu ve gonaddan çıkarılan MP'lerin tümü küçük boyutlu MP'lerdi (boyutu 1 mm'den küçük). FTIR analizi, şüpheli parçacıkların plastik yapısını doğruladı ve yaygın polimer türü olarak polietilen (PE) (%50) ve polipropilen (PP) (%50) bulundu. Bu polimerler balık ağlarının üretiminde kullanılan başlıca polimerlerdir, dolayısıyla bu sonuç, çalışma alanındaki antropojenik etkiyi doğrulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, mikroplastiklerin deniz ürünleri ağına aktarımı konusundaki bilgi birikimine katkıda bulunmakta ve koruyucu ölçümlerin gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

İskenderun körfezi, mikroplastik, mikroplastik alımı, kirlilik, Türkiye

Usage of Diadema setosum as a bioindicator of microplastic pollution in fishing barns

Abstract

This study is undertaken to evaluate potential risk of microplastic contamination in a fishing barn by using Diadema setosum as a bioindicator. Microplastic (MP) pollution levels and their potential impacts on marine biota are still unknown compared to coastal and offshore environments. For this purpose, 19 individuals of D. setosum were collected and microplastic abundance in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and gonad were investigated. Mean microplastic abundance in GIT was found as 3.0 MPs±3.1 MPs per individual and 0.9±1.0 MPs per g wet weight. Mean microplastic abundance in the gonad was found as 0.3±0.6 MPs per individual and 0.08±0.2 MPs per g wet weight. Among all MPs, 45% of extracted MPs were fiber and followed by fragment (44%) and pellet (11%). Regarding size, majority of the MPs extracted from GIT and all of the MPs extracted from gonad were small size MPs (less than 1 mm in size). FTIR analysis validated the plastic nature of suspected particles and polyethylene (PE) (50%) and polypropylene (PP) (50%) were found as the common type of polymers. These polymers are main polymers used in the production of fishing nets; therefore, this result seems to validate the anthropogenic influence in the study area. This study contributes to the knowledge of the transfer of microplastics to the marine food web and highlights the need for protective measurements.

Keywords

İskenderun Bay, Microplastics, Microplastic Ingestion, Pollution, Türkiye

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