CHANGES IN PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS, ANTHOCYANIN CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) SEEDLINGS UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE STRESS CONDITIONS

Year 2017, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 97 - 104, 26.07.2017

Elif Yüzbaşıoğlu , Eda Dalyan Ilgın Akpınar

Abstract

This study was performed in order to determine the effects of gradually
increasing temperatures on maize, which belongs to the C₄ plant
group. 20 day old seedlings were exposed to increasing heat stress (25/20,
30/25, 35/30, 40/35, 45/40°C at 16/8 photoperiods) for 5 days. The first
temperature treatment (25/20°C) was used as control. Stress injury was measured
in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂),
chlorophyll (a and b), carotenoid and anthocyanin contents
and maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm). MDA and
H₂O₂ levels were found to significantly increase at high
temperatures (35, 40, 45°C). Chlorophyll content was observed to be highest at
35°C and a decrease was determined at 40 and 45°C. Fv/Fm was
found to decrease at 40 and 45°C. Carotenoid and anthocyanin contents
dramatically increased under high temperature stress. In addition, significant
increases were determined in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),
catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) under
high temperature (45°C), while peroxidase (POX) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities showed no
change. Treatments above 35°C triggered high temperature stress in maize
seedlings. The results of this study showed that temperatures above 35°C lead
to stress effects on photosynthesis and induced enzymatic and non-enzymatic
antioxidant activity in maize seedlings.

Keywords

maize, antioxidant enzymes, heat stress, Anthocyanin

Mısır (Zea mays L.) Fidelerinde Yüksek Sıcaklık Stresi Koşullarında Fotosentetik Pigmentler, Antosiyanin İçeriği ve Antioksidan Enzim Aktivitelerindeki Değişiklikler

Abstract

Bu
çalışmada, C₄ tipi fotosentez yapan mısır bitkisinde giderek artan
sıcaklığın etkilerinin çalışılması amaçlanmıştır. 20 günlük fideler 5 gün
boyunca giderek artan (25/20, 30/25, 35/30, 40/35, 45/40°C 16/8 fotoperiyot)
sıcaklık stresine maruz bırakılmıştır. Uygulanan ilk sıcaklık (25/20°C) kontrol
grubu olarak kullanılmıştır. Stress hasarı, malondialdehit (MDA), hidrojen
peroksit (H₂O₂), klorofil (a ve b), karotenoid ve
antosiyanin içeriği ve fotosistem II’nin maksimum kuantum verimi (Fv/Fm) ile belirlenmiştir. MDA ve H₂O₂
seviyelerinin yüksek sıcaklıkta (35, 40, 45°C) önemli ölçüde arttığı
bulunmuştur. Klorofil içeriğinin 35°C'de en yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir ancak
35°C sıcaklık ile karşılaştırıldığında 40 ve 45°C uygulanan sıcaklıklarda
klorofil içeriğinde azalma belirlenmiştir. Fv/Fm 40 ve 45°C sıcaklık
uygulamasında düşüş göstermektedir. Karotenoid ve antosiyanin içeriği yüksek
sıcaklık stresi altında önemli ölçüde artmaktadır. Ayrıca, yüksek sıcaklık da
(45°C) superoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT), askorbat peroksidaz (APX) ve
glutatyon reduktaz (GR) enzim aktiviteleri belirgin bir şekilde artış gösterirken,
peroksidaz (POX) ve glutatyon-S-transferaz (GST) enzim aktivitesinde değişiklik
gözlenmemiştir. Mısır fidelerinde 35°C’nin üzerinde bir sıcaklık uygulanması
yüksek sıcaklık stresine neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, mısır
fidelerinde 35°C'nin üzerindeki sıcaklıkların fotosentez üzerinde stress
etkisine yol açtığı ve enzimatik ve enzimatik olmayan antioksidan aktiviteyi
teşvik ettiği ortaya konmuştur. 

Keywords

mısır, Antioksidan enzimlar, antosiyanin, sıcaklık stresi

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