Research Article
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UZAKTAN MATEMATİK ÖĞRETİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI

Year 2022, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 811 - 828, 25.12.2022

Abstract

Uzaktan eğitimde derslerin öğretim süreci, alanlara göre önemli ölçüde farklılıklar göstermektedir. Bu tespitten hareketle çalışmanın amacı uzaktan eğitimde yürütülen matematik öğretim sürecini öğrenci bakış açısıyla sosyal, öğretimsel ve bilişsel açıdan değerlendiren bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Çalışma kapsamında geliştirilen ölçek uzaktan eğitimde matematik öğretiminin sosyal yapısı altında etkileşim ve telebulunuşluk boyutlarını, öğretimsel yapısı hakkında öğretmen desteği ve günlük hayat ilişkilendirmesi boyutlarını ve bilişsel yapısı altında öğrenen özerkliği ve kişiselleştirme boyutlarını içermektedir. Pilot uygulamalar ortaokul 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıfta öğrenim gören 529 öğrencinin katılımıyla gerçekleşmiş, gerçek uygulamalara ise 805 öğrenci katılmıştır. Ölçme aracının geçerliğine kanıt olarak SPSS ve R istatistik programlarının kullanıldığı açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular ölçeğin altı faktörlü yapısı ile toplam varyansın %75.841’ini açıklayabildiğini göstermektedir. Ölçeğin güvenirlik katsayısı .968 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Model uyumu için gerçekleştirilen analizlerde ise χ²/SD değeri 2.391, RMSEA değeri .071, CFI değeri .914, TLI değeri .907 ve SRMR değeri .048 olarak elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar toplanan verilerin önerilen modele uyumunun sağlandığına yönelik önemli ipuçları vermektedir. Geliştirilen bu ölçeğin uzaktan eğitimin ilerleyen süreçte de eğitimde kullanılacak bir yaklaşım olacağı öngörüsüyle, matematik eğitimi araştırmaları için önemli bir ölçme aracı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

References

  • Agir, F. (2008). Uzaktan eğitime karşı tutum ölçeği geliştirmeye yönelik geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Education Sciences, 3(2), 128-139.
  • Agudo-Peregrina, Á. F., Iglesias-Pradas, S., Conde-González, M. Á. & Hernández- García, Á. (2014). Can we predict success from log data in VLEs? Classification of interactions for learning analytics and their relation with performance in VLE- supported F2F and online learning. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 542-550.
  • Akyol, Z. & Garrison, D. R. (2011). Understanding cognitive presence in an online and blended community of inquiry: Assessing outcomes and processes for deep approaches to learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 42(2), 233-250.
  • Anderson, T. (2003). Getting the mix right again: An updated and theoretical rationale for interaction. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 4(2), 111-124.
  • Anderson, T. (2008). The theory and practice of online learning. Athabasca University Press.
  • Anderson, T., Rourke, L., Archer, W., & Garrison, D. R. (2001). Assessing teaching presence in computer conferencing transcripts. Journal of the Asynchronous Learning Network, 5(2).
  • Aragon, S. R. (2003). Creating social presence in online environments. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2003(100), 57-68.
  • Arbaugh, J. B., Cleveland-Innes, M., Diaz, S. R., Garrison, D. R., Ice, P., Richardson, J. C. & Swan, K. P. (2008). Developing a community of inquiry instrument: Testing a measure of the community of inquiry framework using a multi-institutional sample. The Internet and Higher Education, 11(3-4), 133-136.
  • Bay, E., Kaya, H. I. & Gündoğdu, K. (2010). Demokratik yapılandırmacı öğrenme ortamı ölçeği geliştirilmesi. E-Journal of New World Sciences Academy Education Sciences, 1C0153, 5(2), 646-664.
  • Baylari, A., & Montazer, G. A. (2009). Design a Personalized e-Learning System Based on Item Response Theory and Artificial Neural Network Approach. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(4), 8013-8021.
  • Bernard, R. M., Brauer, A., Abrami, P. C. & Surkes, M. (2004). The development of a questionnaire for predicting online learning achievement. Distance Education, 25(1), 31-47.
  • Biocca, F., Harms, C. & Burgoon, J. K. (2003). Toward a more robust theory and measure of social presence: Review and suggested criteria. Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments, 12(5), 456-480.
  • Brooks, G. P., & Johanson, G. A. (2003). Test Analysis Program. Applied Psychological Measurement, 27, 305-306.
  • Brooks, J. G., & Brooks, M. G. (1993). In search of understanding: The case for constructivist classrooms. Alexandria, VA: American Society for Curriculum Development.
  • Carliner, S. (2004). An overview of online learning (Second Edition). Amherst, MA: Human Resource Development Press.
  • Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
  • Garrison, D. R. (2007). Online community of inquiry review: Social, cognitive, and teaching presence issues. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 11(1), 61-72.
  • Garrison, D. R. (2009). Communities of inquiry in online learning. In P. L. Rogers (Ed.), Encyclopedia of distance learning (2nd ed., pp. 352-355). Hershey, PA: IGI Global.
  • Garrison, D. R. (2011). E-Learning in the 21st Century: A Framework for Research and Practice. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Garrison, D. R. (2016). E-Learning in the 21st Century. New York: Routledge.
  • Garrison, D. R. (2017). E-Learning in the 21st century: A community of inquiry framework for research and practice (3rd ed.). London: Routledge
  • Garrison, D. R. & Anderson, T. (2003). E-learning in the 21st century: A framework for research and practice. New York: RoutledgeFalmer.
  • Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T., & Archer, W. (1999). Critical inquiry in a text-based environment: Computer conferencing in higher education. The Internet and Higher Education, 2(2-3), 87-105.
  • Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T. & Archer, W. (2001). Critical thinking, cognitive presence, and computer conferencing in distance education. American Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 7-23
  • Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T., & Archer, W. (2010). The first decade of the community of inquiry framework: A retrospective. The Internet and Higher Education, 13(1), 5-9.
  • Garrison, D. R. & Arbaugh, J. B. (2007). Researching the community of inquiry framework: Review, issues, and future directions. The Internet and Higher Education, 10(3), 157-172.
  • Garrison, D. R., Cleveland-Innes, M. & Fung, T. S. (2010). Exploring causal relationships among teaching, cognitive and social presence: Student perceptions of the community of inquiry framework. The Internet and Higher Education, 13(1-2), 31-36.
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS Statistics 26 Step by Step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge.
  • Horton, W. (2011). E-learning by design. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Kılıç, S., Çakıroğlu, Ü. & Horzum, M. B. (2016). Investigating teaching, social and cognitive presence of students in synchronous online environments. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 7(2), 350-364.
  • Kışla, T. (2016). Uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutum ölçeği geliştirme çalışması. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 17(1), 258-271. https://doi.org/10.12984/eed.01675.
  • Kline, R.B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Kozan, K. & Richardson, J. C. (2014). Interrelationships between and among social, teaching, and cognitive presence. The Internet and Higher Education, 21, 68-73.
  • Kreijns, C. J. (2004). Sociable CSCL environments: social affordances, sociability, and social presence. Heerlen: Open Universiteit Nederland.
  • Lee, P. M. (2011). A+nyWhere learning system comparative analysis of direct ınstruction and online learning using the a+nywhere learning system in a secondary alternative high school. (Doktora Tezi). ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis veritabanından erişildi (UMH no. 3450212).
  • Leh, A. S. (2001). Computer-mediated communication and social presence in a distance learning environment. International Journal of Educational Telecommunications, 7(2), 109-128.
  • Lipman, M. (2003). Thinking in Education. Cambridge University Press.
  • Marsh, H.W., Hau, K.T., Artelt, C., Baumert, J. & Peschar, J. L. (2006). OECD’s brief self-report measure of educational psychology’s most useful affective constructs: Cross-cultural, psychometric comparisons across 25 countries. International Journal of Testing, 6(4), 311-360.
  • McLellan, H. (1999). Online education as interactive experience: Some guiding models. Educational Technology, 39(5), 36-42.
  • Metin, M., Çevik, A, & Gürbey, S., (2021). Öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitime ilişkin görüşlerini belirleme ölçeği: Geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Maarif Mektepleri Uluslararası Sosyal ve Beşerî Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1), 15-35. https://doi.org/10.47155/mamusbbd.911344
  • Moore, M. G. & Kearsley, G. (2012). Distance education: A systematic view of online learning. United Kingdom: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Morueta, R. T., López, P. M., Gómez, Á. H. & Harris, V. W. (2016). Exploring social and cognitive presences in communities of inquiry to perform higher cognitive tasks. The Internet and Higher Education, 31, 122-131.
  • Oğuz, A. (2013). Öğrenen özerkliğini destekleme ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 13(4), 2177-2194.
  • Özarslan, Y. (2009). Sosyal bulunuşluk algısına ilişkin uzaktan eğitimde telebulunuşluk çözümleri. Akademik Bilişim Konferansı Bildiri Kitabı, 11-13.
  • Özarslan, Y. (2010). Kişiselleştirilmiş öğrenme ortamı olarak IPTV. Uluslararası Eğitim Teknolojileri 2010 (International Educational Technology), Istanbul.
  • Öztemel, E. (2018). Eğitimde yeni yönelimlerin değerlendirilmesi ve Eğitim 4.0. Üniversite Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 25-30.
  • Öztürk, E. (2012). Araştırma topluluğu ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. İlköğretim Online, 11(2), 408-422.
  • Ramirez, J. R. (2015). Factors that Contribute to High Dropout Rate In Online Classes: A Faculty Perspective. (Doktora Tezi). ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis veritabanından erişildi (UMH no. 3727056).
  • Rosseel, Y. (2012). lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48(2), 1–36. https://www.jstatsoft.org/v48/i02/.
  • Rourke, L. (2001). Assessing social presence in asynchronous text-based computer conferencing. Journal of Distance Education, 14(2), 51-70.
  • Shea, P., Hayes, S., Vickers, J., Gozza-Cohen, M., Uzuner, S., Mehta, R., ... Rangan, P. (2010). A re-examination of the community of inquiry framework: Social network and content analysis. The Internet and Higher Education, 13(1-2), 10-21.
  • Short, J., Williams, E. & Christie, B. (1976). The social psychology of telecommunications. London: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Sun, J. C. Y. & Rueda, R. (2012). Situational interest, computer self‐efficacy and self‐ regulation: Their impact on student engagement in distance education. British Journal of Educational Technology, 43(2), 191-204. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467- 8535.2010.01157.x
  • Swan, K., Garrison, D. R. & Richardson, J. C. (2009). A constructivist approach to online learning: The Community of Inquiry framework. In C. R. Payne (Ed.), Information technology and constructivism in higher education: Progressive learning frameworks (pp. 43-57). Hershey, Pennsylvania: IGI Global.
  • Tirado, R., Hernando, Á. & Aguaded, J. I. (2015). The effect of centralization and cohesion on the social construction of knowledge in discussion forums. Interactive Learning Environments, 23(3), 293-316.
  • Tu, C. H. (2000). Online learning migration: from social learning theory to social presence theory in a CMC environment. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 23(1), 27-37.
  • Whiteman, J. A. M. (2002). Interpersonal Communication in Computer Mediated Learning. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 465 997).
  • Wicks, D. A., Craft, B. B., Mason, G. N., Gritter, K. & Bolding, K. (2015). An investigation into the community of inquiry of blended classrooms by a faculty learning community. The Internet and Higher Education, 25, 53-62.
  • Xu, D. & Jaggars, S. S. (2013). The impact of online learning on students’ course outcomes: Evidence from a large community and technical college system. Economics of Education Review, 37, 46-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2013.08.001.
  • Yager, R. E. (1991). The constructivist learning model towards real reform in science education. The Science Teacher National Science Teachers Association, 58(6), 52-57.
  • Yılmaz, R. (2014). Çevrimiçi öğrenmede etkileşim ortamının ve üstbilişsel rehberliğin akademik başarı, üstbilişsel farkındalık ve işlemsel uzaklığa etkisi (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Yurdugül, H., & Sırakaya, D. A. (2013). Çevrimiçi öğrenme hazır bulunuşluluk ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Eğitim ve Bilim, 38(169), 391-406.
  • Zydney, J. M. & Seo, K. K. J. (2012). Creating a community of inquiry in online environments: An exploratory study on the effect of a protocol on interactions within asynchronous discussions. Computers & Education, 58(1), 77-87.
Year 2022, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 811 - 828, 25.12.2022

Abstract

References

  • Agir, F. (2008). Uzaktan eğitime karşı tutum ölçeği geliştirmeye yönelik geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Education Sciences, 3(2), 128-139.
  • Agudo-Peregrina, Á. F., Iglesias-Pradas, S., Conde-González, M. Á. & Hernández- García, Á. (2014). Can we predict success from log data in VLEs? Classification of interactions for learning analytics and their relation with performance in VLE- supported F2F and online learning. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 542-550.
  • Akyol, Z. & Garrison, D. R. (2011). Understanding cognitive presence in an online and blended community of inquiry: Assessing outcomes and processes for deep approaches to learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 42(2), 233-250.
  • Anderson, T. (2003). Getting the mix right again: An updated and theoretical rationale for interaction. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 4(2), 111-124.
  • Anderson, T. (2008). The theory and practice of online learning. Athabasca University Press.
  • Anderson, T., Rourke, L., Archer, W., & Garrison, D. R. (2001). Assessing teaching presence in computer conferencing transcripts. Journal of the Asynchronous Learning Network, 5(2).
  • Aragon, S. R. (2003). Creating social presence in online environments. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2003(100), 57-68.
  • Arbaugh, J. B., Cleveland-Innes, M., Diaz, S. R., Garrison, D. R., Ice, P., Richardson, J. C. & Swan, K. P. (2008). Developing a community of inquiry instrument: Testing a measure of the community of inquiry framework using a multi-institutional sample. The Internet and Higher Education, 11(3-4), 133-136.
  • Bay, E., Kaya, H. I. & Gündoğdu, K. (2010). Demokratik yapılandırmacı öğrenme ortamı ölçeği geliştirilmesi. E-Journal of New World Sciences Academy Education Sciences, 1C0153, 5(2), 646-664.
  • Baylari, A., & Montazer, G. A. (2009). Design a Personalized e-Learning System Based on Item Response Theory and Artificial Neural Network Approach. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(4), 8013-8021.
  • Bernard, R. M., Brauer, A., Abrami, P. C. & Surkes, M. (2004). The development of a questionnaire for predicting online learning achievement. Distance Education, 25(1), 31-47.
  • Biocca, F., Harms, C. & Burgoon, J. K. (2003). Toward a more robust theory and measure of social presence: Review and suggested criteria. Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments, 12(5), 456-480.
  • Brooks, G. P., & Johanson, G. A. (2003). Test Analysis Program. Applied Psychological Measurement, 27, 305-306.
  • Brooks, J. G., & Brooks, M. G. (1993). In search of understanding: The case for constructivist classrooms. Alexandria, VA: American Society for Curriculum Development.
  • Carliner, S. (2004). An overview of online learning (Second Edition). Amherst, MA: Human Resource Development Press.
  • Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
  • Garrison, D. R. (2007). Online community of inquiry review: Social, cognitive, and teaching presence issues. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 11(1), 61-72.
  • Garrison, D. R. (2009). Communities of inquiry in online learning. In P. L. Rogers (Ed.), Encyclopedia of distance learning (2nd ed., pp. 352-355). Hershey, PA: IGI Global.
  • Garrison, D. R. (2011). E-Learning in the 21st Century: A Framework for Research and Practice. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Garrison, D. R. (2016). E-Learning in the 21st Century. New York: Routledge.
  • Garrison, D. R. (2017). E-Learning in the 21st century: A community of inquiry framework for research and practice (3rd ed.). London: Routledge
  • Garrison, D. R. & Anderson, T. (2003). E-learning in the 21st century: A framework for research and practice. New York: RoutledgeFalmer.
  • Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T., & Archer, W. (1999). Critical inquiry in a text-based environment: Computer conferencing in higher education. The Internet and Higher Education, 2(2-3), 87-105.
  • Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T. & Archer, W. (2001). Critical thinking, cognitive presence, and computer conferencing in distance education. American Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 7-23
  • Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T., & Archer, W. (2010). The first decade of the community of inquiry framework: A retrospective. The Internet and Higher Education, 13(1), 5-9.
  • Garrison, D. R. & Arbaugh, J. B. (2007). Researching the community of inquiry framework: Review, issues, and future directions. The Internet and Higher Education, 10(3), 157-172.
  • Garrison, D. R., Cleveland-Innes, M. & Fung, T. S. (2010). Exploring causal relationships among teaching, cognitive and social presence: Student perceptions of the community of inquiry framework. The Internet and Higher Education, 13(1-2), 31-36.
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS Statistics 26 Step by Step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge.
  • Horton, W. (2011). E-learning by design. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Kılıç, S., Çakıroğlu, Ü. & Horzum, M. B. (2016). Investigating teaching, social and cognitive presence of students in synchronous online environments. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 7(2), 350-364.
  • Kışla, T. (2016). Uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutum ölçeği geliştirme çalışması. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 17(1), 258-271. https://doi.org/10.12984/eed.01675.
  • Kline, R.B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Kozan, K. & Richardson, J. C. (2014). Interrelationships between and among social, teaching, and cognitive presence. The Internet and Higher Education, 21, 68-73.
  • Kreijns, C. J. (2004). Sociable CSCL environments: social affordances, sociability, and social presence. Heerlen: Open Universiteit Nederland.
  • Lee, P. M. (2011). A+nyWhere learning system comparative analysis of direct ınstruction and online learning using the a+nywhere learning system in a secondary alternative high school. (Doktora Tezi). ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis veritabanından erişildi (UMH no. 3450212).
  • Leh, A. S. (2001). Computer-mediated communication and social presence in a distance learning environment. International Journal of Educational Telecommunications, 7(2), 109-128.
  • Lipman, M. (2003). Thinking in Education. Cambridge University Press.
  • Marsh, H.W., Hau, K.T., Artelt, C., Baumert, J. & Peschar, J. L. (2006). OECD’s brief self-report measure of educational psychology’s most useful affective constructs: Cross-cultural, psychometric comparisons across 25 countries. International Journal of Testing, 6(4), 311-360.
  • McLellan, H. (1999). Online education as interactive experience: Some guiding models. Educational Technology, 39(5), 36-42.
  • Metin, M., Çevik, A, & Gürbey, S., (2021). Öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitime ilişkin görüşlerini belirleme ölçeği: Geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Maarif Mektepleri Uluslararası Sosyal ve Beşerî Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1), 15-35. https://doi.org/10.47155/mamusbbd.911344
  • Moore, M. G. & Kearsley, G. (2012). Distance education: A systematic view of online learning. United Kingdom: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Morueta, R. T., López, P. M., Gómez, Á. H. & Harris, V. W. (2016). Exploring social and cognitive presences in communities of inquiry to perform higher cognitive tasks. The Internet and Higher Education, 31, 122-131.
  • Oğuz, A. (2013). Öğrenen özerkliğini destekleme ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 13(4), 2177-2194.
  • Özarslan, Y. (2009). Sosyal bulunuşluk algısına ilişkin uzaktan eğitimde telebulunuşluk çözümleri. Akademik Bilişim Konferansı Bildiri Kitabı, 11-13.
  • Özarslan, Y. (2010). Kişiselleştirilmiş öğrenme ortamı olarak IPTV. Uluslararası Eğitim Teknolojileri 2010 (International Educational Technology), Istanbul.
  • Öztemel, E. (2018). Eğitimde yeni yönelimlerin değerlendirilmesi ve Eğitim 4.0. Üniversite Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 25-30.
  • Öztürk, E. (2012). Araştırma topluluğu ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. İlköğretim Online, 11(2), 408-422.
  • Ramirez, J. R. (2015). Factors that Contribute to High Dropout Rate In Online Classes: A Faculty Perspective. (Doktora Tezi). ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis veritabanından erişildi (UMH no. 3727056).
  • Rosseel, Y. (2012). lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48(2), 1–36. https://www.jstatsoft.org/v48/i02/.
  • Rourke, L. (2001). Assessing social presence in asynchronous text-based computer conferencing. Journal of Distance Education, 14(2), 51-70.
  • Shea, P., Hayes, S., Vickers, J., Gozza-Cohen, M., Uzuner, S., Mehta, R., ... Rangan, P. (2010). A re-examination of the community of inquiry framework: Social network and content analysis. The Internet and Higher Education, 13(1-2), 10-21.
  • Short, J., Williams, E. & Christie, B. (1976). The social psychology of telecommunications. London: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Sun, J. C. Y. & Rueda, R. (2012). Situational interest, computer self‐efficacy and self‐ regulation: Their impact on student engagement in distance education. British Journal of Educational Technology, 43(2), 191-204. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467- 8535.2010.01157.x
  • Swan, K., Garrison, D. R. & Richardson, J. C. (2009). A constructivist approach to online learning: The Community of Inquiry framework. In C. R. Payne (Ed.), Information technology and constructivism in higher education: Progressive learning frameworks (pp. 43-57). Hershey, Pennsylvania: IGI Global.
  • Tirado, R., Hernando, Á. & Aguaded, J. I. (2015). The effect of centralization and cohesion on the social construction of knowledge in discussion forums. Interactive Learning Environments, 23(3), 293-316.
  • Tu, C. H. (2000). Online learning migration: from social learning theory to social presence theory in a CMC environment. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 23(1), 27-37.
  • Whiteman, J. A. M. (2002). Interpersonal Communication in Computer Mediated Learning. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 465 997).
  • Wicks, D. A., Craft, B. B., Mason, G. N., Gritter, K. & Bolding, K. (2015). An investigation into the community of inquiry of blended classrooms by a faculty learning community. The Internet and Higher Education, 25, 53-62.
  • Xu, D. & Jaggars, S. S. (2013). The impact of online learning on students’ course outcomes: Evidence from a large community and technical college system. Economics of Education Review, 37, 46-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2013.08.001.
  • Yager, R. E. (1991). The constructivist learning model towards real reform in science education. The Science Teacher National Science Teachers Association, 58(6), 52-57.
  • Yılmaz, R. (2014). Çevrimiçi öğrenmede etkileşim ortamının ve üstbilişsel rehberliğin akademik başarı, üstbilişsel farkındalık ve işlemsel uzaklığa etkisi (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Yurdugül, H., & Sırakaya, D. A. (2013). Çevrimiçi öğrenme hazır bulunuşluluk ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Eğitim ve Bilim, 38(169), 391-406.
  • Zydney, J. M. & Seo, K. K. J. (2012). Creating a community of inquiry in online environments: An exploratory study on the effect of a protocol on interactions within asynchronous discussions. Computers & Education, 58(1), 77-87.
There are 63 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Semirhan Gökçe 0000-0002-4752-5598

Arzu Aydoğan Yenmez 0000-0001-8595-3262

Publication Date December 25, 2022
Submission Date October 1, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 26 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Gökçe, S., & Aydoğan Yenmez, A. (2022). UZAKTAN MATEMATİK ÖĞRETİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 26(3), 811-828.
AMA Gökçe S, Aydoğan Yenmez A. UZAKTAN MATEMATİK ÖĞRETİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. December 2022;26(3):811-828.
Chicago Gökçe, Semirhan, and Arzu Aydoğan Yenmez. “UZAKTAN MATEMATİK ÖĞRETİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI”. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 26, no. 3 (December 2022): 811-28.
EndNote Gökçe S, Aydoğan Yenmez A (December 1, 2022) UZAKTAN MATEMATİK ÖĞRETİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 26 3 811–828.
IEEE S. Gökçe and A. Aydoğan Yenmez, “UZAKTAN MATEMATİK ÖĞRETİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI”, Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 811–828, 2022.
ISNAD Gökçe, Semirhan - Aydoğan Yenmez, Arzu. “UZAKTAN MATEMATİK ÖĞRETİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI”. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 26/3 (December 2022), 811-828.
JAMA Gökçe S, Aydoğan Yenmez A. UZAKTAN MATEMATİK ÖĞRETİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2022;26:811–828.
MLA Gökçe, Semirhan and Arzu Aydoğan Yenmez. “UZAKTAN MATEMATİK ÖĞRETİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI”. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 26, no. 3, 2022, pp. 811-28.
Vancouver Gökçe S, Aydoğan Yenmez A. UZAKTAN MATEMATİK ÖĞRETİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2022;26(3):811-28.