The Effect Of Different Flexibility Studies On Performance Of Taekwondo

Year 2021, Volume: 23 Issue: 3, 339 - 344, 30.12.2021

Duygu Sevinç Yılmaz

Abstract

In order to be successful in Taekwondo, the athlete must have optimum flexibility in order to maintain his strength and speed, to attack and defend, to apply a combined technique, to minimize the injury rate and to recover quickly afterwards. Muscle groups that are not sufficiently flexible can affect performance negatively. Flexibility exercises have become indispensable for training programs not only for athletes in taekwondo, but also for athletes of all levels and branches. The athlete must have a comprehensive ROM to be able to perform taekwondo-specific techniques efficiently. In addition to benefiting athletic performance, flexibility also has general health-improving effects. According to the existing literature, in order for flexibility studies to be beneficial, the working method and performance status should be well determined. In parallel, we can say that adjusting the number of set-repeats, the auxiliary materials used, the variety of movements according to the characteristics of the sample group and the motoric feature that is desired to be developed can be beneficial for performance development.

Keywords

Flexibility, taekwondo, static, dynamic, PNF

References

• 1. Behm D, Haddad M. Stretching during the Warm-up and to increase Flexibility for Taekwondo. Performance Optimization in Taekwondo: From Laboratory to Field, 2015; 94-105.
• 2. Pieter W, Heijmans J. Scientific coaching for olympic Taekwondo (2nd ed.). Aachen: Meyer and Meyer Sport,2000.
• 3. WTF.WTF rules and regulations 2009. http://www.wtf.org/wtf_eng/site/ rules/file/20090203_Rules_and_Regulations_of_the_WTF_as_of_February_3_ 2009.pdf WTF Web Accessed May 1 2021.
• 4. Park YH, Park YH, Gerrard J. Tae Kwon Do: The ultimate reference guide to the world’s most popular martial art. London: Ward Lock.,1989:16
• 5. Wasik J. Structure of movement of a turning technique used in the event of special techniques in Taekwon‐do ITF. Archives of Budo, 2009; 5: 111‐115.
• 6. Pion J, Fransen J, Lenoir M, Segers V. The value of non‐sport specific characteristics for talent orientation in young male judo, karate and taekwondo athletes. Archives of Budo, 2014; 10: 147‐150.
• 7. Thompson WR, Vinueza C. Physiologic profile of tae kwon do black belts. Research in Sports Medicine: An International Journal, 1991; 3(1): 49-53.
• 8. Sands WA. Physiology. In: Scientific Aspects of Women’s Gymnastics, W. A. Sands DJ. Caine, and J. Borms (Eds.). Basel: Switzerland: Karger, 2002;141.
• 9. Akandere M. 17-22 Yaş Grubu Kız Sporcularının Esnekliklerinin Geliştirilmesinde Etkisi. Doktora Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya, 1993.
• 10. Zorba E, Saygın Ö. Fiziksel Aktivite ve Fiziksel Uygunluk, İstanbul: Bedray Yayın Dağıtım Tur. ve İnş. San. Tic. Ltd. Şti, 2007.
• 11. Chandler TJ, Kibler WB, Uhl TL, Wooten B, Kiser A, Stone E. Flexibility comparisons of junior elite tennis players to other athletes. The American journal of sports medicine, 1990;18(2): 134-136
• 12. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. Lippincott Williams, Wilkins, 2013.
• 13. Nieman DC, Ikeda M, Barbanti VJ. Exercício e saúde: como se prevenir de doenças usando o exercício como seu medicamento, São Paulo: Manole, 1999;105-118.
• 14. Badley EM, Wood PH. The why and the wherefore of measuring joint movement. Clinics in rheumatic diseases, 1982; 8(3):533-544.
• 15. Suzuki N, Endo SA. Quantitative study of trunk muscle strength and fatigability in the low-back-pain syndrome. Spine, 1983; 8(1): 69-74.
• 16. Hubley-kozey CL. Testing flexibility. In: Physiological Testing of the High-Performance Athlete, J. Duncan MacDougall, H. A. Wenger, and H. J. Green (Eds.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1991;309–359.
• 17. Sevim Y. Antrenman Bilgisi, Tutibay Ltd. Şti Ankara, 1997.
• 18. Günay M, Tamer K, Cicioğlu H, Şıktar E. Spor fizyolojisi ve performans ölçüm testleri. 2019; 285,292
• 19. Keith L. Exercise — Some new options. Sports Illustrated,1977.
• 20. Weiss D, Help prevent arm-injuries with stretching exercises. Athletic J Dec. 1976; 57: 50-54.
• 21. Holland G. The Physiology of flexibility: A Review of the Literature Kinesiology Review, 1968; 49-62.
• 22. De Vries H. Prevention of Muscular distress after exercise, Res Quart May, 1961; 32:177-185.
• 23. De Vries H. Physiology o f Exercise for Physical Education and Athletics,1966. 24. Agre JC. Hamstring injuries. Sports medicine, 1985; 2(1), 21-33.
• 25. Anderson B, Burke ER. Scientific, medical, and practical aspects of stretching. Clinics in sports medicine, 1991; 10(1): 63-86.
• 26. Ciullo JV, Zarins B. Biomechanics of the musculotendinous unit: relation to athletic performance and injury. Clinics in sports medicine, 1983; 2(1): 71-86.
• 27. Jonhagen S, Nemeth G, Eriksson E. Hamstring injuries in sprinters: the role of concentric and eccentric hamstring muscle strength and flexibility. The American journal of sports medicine, 1994; 22(2): 262-266.
• 28. Cornelius WL. PNF and Other Flexibility Technique, 1984.
• 29. Bompa, T. O. Antrenman Kuramı ve Yöntemi. Bağırgan Yayınevi, 1998; 447-448
• 30. Siff MC. Training routines: Flexibility in sport. South African Journal of Sports Medicine, 2007; 19(1): 2-6.
• 31. McAtee RE, Charland J. Facilitated Stretching, Human Kinetics, USA, 2007.
• 32. Appleton B. Stretching and Flexibility Everything you never wanted to know. World, 1998; 68.
• 33. Zorba E, Saygın Ö. Fiziksel Aktivite ve Fiziksel Uygunluk. (4. Baskı). Ankara: Perspektif, 2017; 143.
• 34. Beaulieu J. Stretching for all sports, 1980; 36-57.
• 35. Rashad Khalil E. The Effect of Two Different Stretching Programs on Some Physical Variables of Taekwondo Female Players. Journal of Applied Sports Science, 2012; 2(3):56-64.
• 36. Choi GJ. The Effcts of Static and PNF Stretching on Range of Motion and Jump Performance in the Taekwondo Player. The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences, 2013; 8(11): 1771-1776.
• 37. Mailapalli DR, Benton J, Woodward TW. Biomechanics of the taekwondo axe kick: a review. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 2015; 10(1): 141-149.
• 38. Paramitha ST, Rosadi TY, Ramadhan MG, Suwanta DM. The Influence of Flexibility Training on the Accuracy of the Dollyo Chagi Kick in Taekwondo Martial Arts. In 4th International Conference on Sport Science, Health, and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2019) Atlantis Press, 2020; 317-320.
• 39. Alemdaroğlu U, Köklü Y, Koz M. The acute effect of different stretching methods on sprint performance in taekwondo practitioners. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 2016; 57(9): 1104-1110.
• 40. Kok SQ. Effect of PNF and Dynamic Stretching on Kicking Techniques Among Taekwondo Beginners (Doctoral dissertation, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College), 2018.
• 41. Aksoy D. Effects of 10-Week Whole Body Vibration Training on Strength, Flexibility and Agility in Taekwondo Athletes. Journal of Education and Learning, 2019; 8(2): 213-222.
• 42. Gelen E, Saygın Ö, Karacabey K, Kılınç F. Acute Effects of Static Stretching on Vertical Jump Performance in Children, International Journal of Human Sciences, 2008; 5(1).
• 43. Güler D, Günay M. Investigation Into The Effects of Static and Dynamic Stretching on Vertical Jump Performance of Taekwondo Athletes. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 2019.
• 44. Yarım İ, Orhan Ö, Çetin E. The Effect of Different Warm up Protocols on Isokinetic Leg Strength in Female Taekwondo Athletes. International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology, 2020; 9(3): 1-8.