Research Article
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Characteristics Of Mother’s of Neglected Children: Evaluation of Mother’s Care Levels with Home Observation

Year 2020, Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 1080 - 1101, 24.07.2020

Ferda Karadağ , Dilşat Foto Özdemir , Gülin Evinç , Esra Çalık Var , Cengiz Özbesler

https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.686127
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Child neglect is an insidious form of maltreatment because it relies on the absence, not the presence, of behavior, leaving permanent traces that affect many aspects of children's development. Therefore, it is very important to notice the child neglect without delay and to take necessary interventions. However, studies on child neglect are limited and there is difficulty in defining and measuring the concept of neglect. With this research, the dimensions of neglect experienced by children were aimed to be understood by evaluating the care levels of the mothers of the children who were thought to be neglected. This research is a descriptive research based on the screening model. The mothers of 32 children, aged 0-6 years, who were suspected of neglect during the medical examinations, were included in the study. In the study, Graded Care Profile was used to assess the severity of neglect and to make a reliable decision about the quality of the care the children received. According to the Graded Care Profile, the four areas of care; physical care, security, love and developmental support areas, were evaluated by making observations at home visits and receiving information from mothers. In the study, it was found that the mothers were found more adequate in the physical care of their children, while the children were neglected in the fields of supporting love and development, including appropriate stimuli. In order to identify neglected children according to objective criteria, awareness of the professionals in the field should be increased and families should be intervened in a timely manner.

References

  • 1. Ainsworth, MDS., Behar, MC., Waters, E. ve Walls, S. (1978). Patterns Of Attachment: A Psychological Study Of Strange Situation. Hillsdale NJ: Erlbaum
  • 2. Brown, J., Cohen, P., Johnson, J. Ve Salzinger, S.( 1998). A Longitudinal Analysis Of Risk Factors For Child Maltreatment: Findings of A 17-Year Prospective Study Of Officially Recorded And Self-Reported Child Abuse And Neglect, Child Abuse And Neglect, 22: 1065-1078.
  • 3. Chitiyo, RA. (2014). Predictors Of Child Neglect: Mothers’ Parentification, Stress, Marital Status, Education, And Financial Situation, The Faculty Of The Graduate School, Degree Of Doctor Of Philosophy, Cookevill: Tennessee Technological University
  • 4. Choi, BJ. ve Thomas M.(2015). Perceptual Difference Of Child Neglect Among Korean Parents And Children: Implications For Child Welfare Policy. Children And Youth Services Review, 55: 56-61.
  • 5. Clement, ME., Berube, A. ve Chamberland, C. (2016). Prevalence And Risk Factors of Child Neglect İn The General Population. Puplic Health, 138: 86-92.
  • 6. Crittenden, PM.( 1999). Child Neglect: Causes And Contributors. In: H. Dubowitz (Ed.). Neglected Children: Research, Practice, And Policy, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage: 47-68.
  • 7. Daniel, B. ve Baldwin, N. (2001). Assessment Practice in Cases of Child Neglect: A Developmental Project, Practice, 13:4, 21-38.
  • 8. Depanfilis, D. ve Dubowitz, H. (2005). Family Connections: A Program For Preventing Child Neglect, Child Maltreatment, 10 (2): 108-123.
  • 9. Department For Children, Schools And Families. Working Together To Safeguard Children. Http://Www.Education.Gov.Uk/Publications/.../003052010DOM-EN-V3.Pdf. 16 Aug 2017.
  • 10. Dietrich, KN. ve Starr, RH. ve Weisfeld, GE. (1983). Infant Maltreatment: Caretaker-İnfant İnteraction and Developmental Consequences at Diverent Levels of Parenting Failure. Pediatrics, 72:532–40.
  • 11. Dubowitz H, Pitt SC. Ve Black M. (2004) Measurement Of Three Major Subtypes Of Child Neglect, Child Maltreatment, 9(4): 344-356.
  • 12. Dubowitz, H., Newton, RR., Litrownik, J., Lewis, T., Briggs, CE., Thompson, R., English, D. ve Lee, L. (2005). Examination Of A Conceptual Model Of Child Neglect, Child Maltreatment, 10 (2): 173-189.
  • 13. Dursunkaya, D. (2008). Çocuk Ve Ergen Psikiyatri Temel Kitabı. İçinde: F.Çudadoroğlu Çetin (Ed). Duygusal Örselenme ve İhmal, 1.Baskı. Ankara, Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı Yayınları: 478-487.
  • 14. Erickson MF Ve Egeland B. (2002). The APSAC Handbook On Child Maltreatment. In: Myers L, Berliner J, Briere CT, Hendrix C. (Eds.). Child Neglect, 2nd Ed., Thousand Oaks CA,: 3-20. 15. Güner, Şİ. Güner, S. ve Şahan, MH.(2010). Çocuklarda Sosyal ve Medikal Bir Problem; İstismar. Van Tıp Dergisi, 17 (3): 108-113.
  • 16. Horwath, J. (2007). Child Neglect: İdentification And Assessment, London, Palgrave Macmillan:3.
  • 17. Knoke, D. ve Trocm, N. (2005). Revieving The Evidence On Assessing Risk For Child Abuse And Neglect. Brief Treatment And Crisis Invention, Aug, 5 (3):310-328.
  • 18. Kobak, C. ve Pek, H. (2015). Okul Öncesi Dönemde (3-6 Yaş) Ana Çocuk Sağlığı Ve Anaokulundaki Çocukların Beslenme Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(2): 42-55.
  • 19. Koşar, N. (1992). Sosyal Hizmetlerde Aile Ve Çocuk Refahı Alanı, 1. Baskı. Ankara, İltek AŞ.: 39.
  • 20. Lee, B. ve Goerge, R.(1999). Poverty, Early Childbearing, And Child Maltreatment: A Multinomial Analysis, Child And Youth Services Review, 21: 755-780.
  • 21. Mayhew, J. (2011). Understanding Child Neglect: A Developmental Victimology Perspective. Faculty Of Family Social Sciences Department Of Human Ecology, Degree Of Master Of Science, Winnipeg, University Of Manitoba
  • 22. Mennen, FE. Kim, K. Sang, J. ve Trickett, PK. (2010). Child Neglect: Definition And İdentification of Youth’s Experiences İn Official Reports of Maltreatment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 34: 647-658.
  • 23. Minty, B. ve Pattinson, G. (1994). The Nature Of Child Neglect. Br J Social Work, 24:733–47.
  • 24. Polansky, NA., Gaudin, JM. ve Kilpatrick, AC. (1992). The Maternal Characteristics Scale: A Cross Validation. Child Welfare, 71:271–80.
  • 25. Polat, O. (2017). Tüm Boyutlarıyla Çocuk İstismarı. 2. Baskı. Ankara, Seçkin Yayıncılık: 60-267.
  • 26. Raıke,s HA. ve Thompson, RA. (2005). Efficacy And Social Support As Predictors Of Parenting Stress Among Families in Poverty, İnfant Mental Health Journal, 26(3), 177-190.
  • 27. Sedlak, AJ., Mettenburg, J., Basena, M., Petta, IM, Greene, A. ve Li, S. (2018). Fourth National Incidence Study Of Child Abuse And Neglect. US Departman Of Health And Human Services. Https://www.Acf.Hhs.Gov/Sites/Default/.../Nis4_Report_Congress_Full_Pdf_Jan201 0.Pdf. 23 May 2018.
  • 28. Sedlak AJ. ( 1997). Risk Factors For The Occurrence Of Child Abuse And Neglect, J. Aggression, Maltreatment, Trauma,1: 149 -187.
  • 29. Sedlack, AJ. ve Broadhurst, DD. (1996). Third National Incidence Study Of Child Abuse And Neglect, Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1-26.
  • 30. Sedlak A., Mettenburg, J., Basena, M., Petta, IM., Greene, A. ve Li, S. ( 2018). Fourth National Incidence Study Of Child Abuse And Neglect. US Departman Of Health And Human Services. Https://Www.Acf.Hhs.Gov/Sites/Default/.../Nis4_Report_Congress_Full_Pdf_Jan201 0.Pdf.Erişim Tarihi: 23 May 2018.
  • 31. Sen, R., Green, LP., Rigby, P. ve Kendrick, A.(2014). Grading The Graded Care Profile, Child Abuse Review, 23: 361-373.
  • 32. Slack, KS. (2004). Understanding The Risks Of Child Neglect: An Exploration Of Poverty And Parenting. Characteristics, Child Maltreatment, 9(4): 395-408.
  • 33. Straus, MA. ve Kantor, GK. (2005). Definition And Measurement Of Neglectful Behaviour: Some Principles And Guidelines, Child Abuse & Neglect, 29: 19-29.
  • 34. Tang, CM. (2008). Working Toward A Conceptual Definition Of Child Neglect, Journal Of Health And Human Services Administration, 356-384.
  • 35. Temizel Saltık, İN. ( 2008). İştahsız Çocuk, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 51: 176-181.
  • 36. Terzi, AÖ. (2005). Bir-Üç Yaş Grubu Sağlıklı Çocuklarda Beslenme Alışkanlıkları ve Günlük Posa Alım Düzeyleri. Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • 37. Toth, SL., Sturge-Apple, ML., Rogosch, FA. ve Cicchetti, D. (2015). Mechanisms Of Change: Testing How Preventative İnterventions İmpact Psychological and Physiological Stress Functioning İn Mothers in Neglectful Families. Development And Psychopathology, 27: 1661-1674.
  • 38. Totsika, V. ve Sylva, K. (2004). The Home Observation For Measurement The Environment Revisited. Child and Aolescent Mental Health, 9(1):25-35.
  • 39. Türkbay, T., Akın, R. ve Söhmen, G. (2007). Aile Tutumları ve Çocuk Gelişimi. Http://Hayatdolu.Tripod.Com/İd4.HtmlErişim Tarihi: 22 Haziran 2007.
  • 40. UNICEF. Https://Www.Unicef.Org/Turkey/Crc/_Cr23c.Html. 23 May 2018
  • 41. Ünüsan, N. (2001). Okul Öncesi Çocukların Yeme Problemlerinin İncelenmesi. Çocuk Forumu Dergisi, 4:1.
  • 42. Welch, GL. ve Bonner, BL. (2013). Fatal Child Neglect: Characteristics, Causation, And Strategies For Prevention. Child Abuse & Neglect, 37: 745-752.
  • 43. World Health Organization (WHO). World Report On Violence And Health. Http://Apps.Who.İnt/İris/Bitstream/10665/42495/9241545615eng.Pdf. Erişim Tarihi:23 April 20

İHMAL EDİLEN ÇOCUKLARIN ANNELERİNİN ÖZELLİKLERİ: EV GÖZLEMİ İLE ANNELERİN BAKIM DÜZEYLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Year 2020, Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 1080 - 1101, 24.07.2020

Ferda Karadağ , Dilşat Foto Özdemir , Gülin Evinç , Esra Çalık Var , Cengiz Özbesler

https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.686127
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Çocuk ihmali bir davranışın varlığı değil yokluğuna dayanması nedeniyle sinsi bir kötü muamele biçimidir, çocukların gelişimlerinin birçok yönünü etkileyerek kalıcı izler bırakmaktadır. Bu nedenle ihmalin geçikmeden fark edilmesi ve gerekli müdahalelerin yapılması oldukça önemlidir. Ancak çocuk ihmali ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaların sınırlı olduğu, ihmal kavramının tanımlanması ve ölçülmesinde zorluk olduğu görülmektedir. Bu araştırma ile ihmal edildiği düşünülen çocukların annelerinin bakım düzeyleri değerlendirilerek çocukların yaşadıkları ihmalin boyutları anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma, tarama modelinde betimsel bir araştırmadır. Hastanede doktorların muayeneleri sırasında ihmalden şüphelendikleri, 0-6 yaş aralığında yer alan 32 çocuğun annesi araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada çocukların aldığı bakımın kalitesi hakkında güvenilir karar verilmesi ve ihmalin boyutlarının anlaşılması amacıyla Bakım Değerlendirme Formu (Graded Care Profile) kullanılmıştır. Bakım Değerlendirme Formuna göre bakımın dört alanını oluşturan fiziksel bakım, güvenlik, sevgi ve gelişimini destekleme alanları ev ziyareti ile gözlem yaparak ve annelerden bilgi alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada anneler, çocukların fiziksel bakımında daha yeterli bulunurken, uygun uyaranları içeren sevgi ve gelişimini destekleme alanlarında çocukların ihmal edildiği saptanmıştır. İhmal edilen çocukların objectif kriterlere göre belirlenmesi için alandaki profesyonellerin bu konudaki farkındalıkları artırılmalı ve yaşanan ihmal alanlarına ilişkin ailelere zamanında müdahale edilmelidir.

Keywords

Çocuk ihmali annelerin bakım düzeyleri ev ziyareti

References

  • 1. Ainsworth, MDS., Behar, MC., Waters, E. ve Walls, S. (1978). Patterns Of Attachment: A Psychological Study Of Strange Situation. Hillsdale NJ: Erlbaum
  • 2. Brown, J., Cohen, P., Johnson, J. Ve Salzinger, S.( 1998). A Longitudinal Analysis Of Risk Factors For Child Maltreatment: Findings of A 17-Year Prospective Study Of Officially Recorded And Self-Reported Child Abuse And Neglect, Child Abuse And Neglect, 22: 1065-1078.
  • 3. Chitiyo, RA. (2014). Predictors Of Child Neglect: Mothers’ Parentification, Stress, Marital Status, Education, And Financial Situation, The Faculty Of The Graduate School, Degree Of Doctor Of Philosophy, Cookevill: Tennessee Technological University
  • 4. Choi, BJ. ve Thomas M.(2015). Perceptual Difference Of Child Neglect Among Korean Parents And Children: Implications For Child Welfare Policy. Children And Youth Services Review, 55: 56-61.
  • 5. Clement, ME., Berube, A. ve Chamberland, C. (2016). Prevalence And Risk Factors of Child Neglect İn The General Population. Puplic Health, 138: 86-92.
  • 6. Crittenden, PM.( 1999). Child Neglect: Causes And Contributors. In: H. Dubowitz (Ed.). Neglected Children: Research, Practice, And Policy, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage: 47-68.
  • 7. Daniel, B. ve Baldwin, N. (2001). Assessment Practice in Cases of Child Neglect: A Developmental Project, Practice, 13:4, 21-38.
  • 8. Depanfilis, D. ve Dubowitz, H. (2005). Family Connections: A Program For Preventing Child Neglect, Child Maltreatment, 10 (2): 108-123.
  • 9. Department For Children, Schools And Families. Working Together To Safeguard Children. Http://Www.Education.Gov.Uk/Publications/.../003052010DOM-EN-V3.Pdf. 16 Aug 2017.
  • 10. Dietrich, KN. ve Starr, RH. ve Weisfeld, GE. (1983). Infant Maltreatment: Caretaker-İnfant İnteraction and Developmental Consequences at Diverent Levels of Parenting Failure. Pediatrics, 72:532–40.
  • 11. Dubowitz H, Pitt SC. Ve Black M. (2004) Measurement Of Three Major Subtypes Of Child Neglect, Child Maltreatment, 9(4): 344-356.
  • 12. Dubowitz, H., Newton, RR., Litrownik, J., Lewis, T., Briggs, CE., Thompson, R., English, D. ve Lee, L. (2005). Examination Of A Conceptual Model Of Child Neglect, Child Maltreatment, 10 (2): 173-189.
  • 13. Dursunkaya, D. (2008). Çocuk Ve Ergen Psikiyatri Temel Kitabı. İçinde: F.Çudadoroğlu Çetin (Ed). Duygusal Örselenme ve İhmal, 1.Baskı. Ankara, Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı Yayınları: 478-487.
  • 14. Erickson MF Ve Egeland B. (2002). The APSAC Handbook On Child Maltreatment. In: Myers L, Berliner J, Briere CT, Hendrix C. (Eds.). Child Neglect, 2nd Ed., Thousand Oaks CA,: 3-20. 15. Güner, Şİ. Güner, S. ve Şahan, MH.(2010). Çocuklarda Sosyal ve Medikal Bir Problem; İstismar. Van Tıp Dergisi, 17 (3): 108-113.
  • 16. Horwath, J. (2007). Child Neglect: İdentification And Assessment, London, Palgrave Macmillan:3.
  • 17. Knoke, D. ve Trocm, N. (2005). Revieving The Evidence On Assessing Risk For Child Abuse And Neglect. Brief Treatment And Crisis Invention, Aug, 5 (3):310-328.
  • 18. Kobak, C. ve Pek, H. (2015). Okul Öncesi Dönemde (3-6 Yaş) Ana Çocuk Sağlığı Ve Anaokulundaki Çocukların Beslenme Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(2): 42-55.
  • 19. Koşar, N. (1992). Sosyal Hizmetlerde Aile Ve Çocuk Refahı Alanı, 1. Baskı. Ankara, İltek AŞ.: 39.
  • 20. Lee, B. ve Goerge, R.(1999). Poverty, Early Childbearing, And Child Maltreatment: A Multinomial Analysis, Child And Youth Services Review, 21: 755-780.
  • 21. Mayhew, J. (2011). Understanding Child Neglect: A Developmental Victimology Perspective. Faculty Of Family Social Sciences Department Of Human Ecology, Degree Of Master Of Science, Winnipeg, University Of Manitoba
  • 22. Mennen, FE. Kim, K. Sang, J. ve Trickett, PK. (2010). Child Neglect: Definition And İdentification of Youth’s Experiences İn Official Reports of Maltreatment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 34: 647-658.
  • 23. Minty, B. ve Pattinson, G. (1994). The Nature Of Child Neglect. Br J Social Work, 24:733–47.
  • 24. Polansky, NA., Gaudin, JM. ve Kilpatrick, AC. (1992). The Maternal Characteristics Scale: A Cross Validation. Child Welfare, 71:271–80.
  • 25. Polat, O. (2017). Tüm Boyutlarıyla Çocuk İstismarı. 2. Baskı. Ankara, Seçkin Yayıncılık: 60-267.
  • 26. Raıke,s HA. ve Thompson, RA. (2005). Efficacy And Social Support As Predictors Of Parenting Stress Among Families in Poverty, İnfant Mental Health Journal, 26(3), 177-190.
  • 27. Sedlak, AJ., Mettenburg, J., Basena, M., Petta, IM, Greene, A. ve Li, S. (2018). Fourth National Incidence Study Of Child Abuse And Neglect. US Departman Of Health And Human Services. Https://www.Acf.Hhs.Gov/Sites/Default/.../Nis4_Report_Congress_Full_Pdf_Jan201 0.Pdf. 23 May 2018.
  • 28. Sedlak AJ. ( 1997). Risk Factors For The Occurrence Of Child Abuse And Neglect, J. Aggression, Maltreatment, Trauma,1: 149 -187.
  • 29. Sedlack, AJ. ve Broadhurst, DD. (1996). Third National Incidence Study Of Child Abuse And Neglect, Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1-26.
  • 30. Sedlak A., Mettenburg, J., Basena, M., Petta, IM., Greene, A. ve Li, S. ( 2018). Fourth National Incidence Study Of Child Abuse And Neglect. US Departman Of Health And Human Services. Https://Www.Acf.Hhs.Gov/Sites/Default/.../Nis4_Report_Congress_Full_Pdf_Jan201 0.Pdf.Erişim Tarihi: 23 May 2018.
  • 31. Sen, R., Green, LP., Rigby, P. ve Kendrick, A.(2014). Grading The Graded Care Profile, Child Abuse Review, 23: 361-373.
  • 32. Slack, KS. (2004). Understanding The Risks Of Child Neglect: An Exploration Of Poverty And Parenting. Characteristics, Child Maltreatment, 9(4): 395-408.
  • 33. Straus, MA. ve Kantor, GK. (2005). Definition And Measurement Of Neglectful Behaviour: Some Principles And Guidelines, Child Abuse & Neglect, 29: 19-29.
  • 34. Tang, CM. (2008). Working Toward A Conceptual Definition Of Child Neglect, Journal Of Health And Human Services Administration, 356-384.
  • 35. Temizel Saltık, İN. ( 2008). İştahsız Çocuk, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 51: 176-181.
  • 36. Terzi, AÖ. (2005). Bir-Üç Yaş Grubu Sağlıklı Çocuklarda Beslenme Alışkanlıkları ve Günlük Posa Alım Düzeyleri. Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • 37. Toth, SL., Sturge-Apple, ML., Rogosch, FA. ve Cicchetti, D. (2015). Mechanisms Of Change: Testing How Preventative İnterventions İmpact Psychological and Physiological Stress Functioning İn Mothers in Neglectful Families. Development And Psychopathology, 27: 1661-1674.
  • 38. Totsika, V. ve Sylva, K. (2004). The Home Observation For Measurement The Environment Revisited. Child and Aolescent Mental Health, 9(1):25-35.
  • 39. Türkbay, T., Akın, R. ve Söhmen, G. (2007). Aile Tutumları ve Çocuk Gelişimi. Http://Hayatdolu.Tripod.Com/İd4.HtmlErişim Tarihi: 22 Haziran 2007.
  • 40. UNICEF. Https://Www.Unicef.Org/Turkey/Crc/_Cr23c.Html. 23 May 2018
  • 41. Ünüsan, N. (2001). Okul Öncesi Çocukların Yeme Problemlerinin İncelenmesi. Çocuk Forumu Dergisi, 4:1.
  • 42. Welch, GL. ve Bonner, BL. (2013). Fatal Child Neglect: Characteristics, Causation, And Strategies For Prevention. Child Abuse & Neglect, 37: 745-752.
  • 43. World Health Organization (WHO). World Report On Violence And Health. Http://Apps.Who.İnt/İris/Bitstream/10665/42495/9241545615eng.Pdf. Erişim Tarihi:23 April 20
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sociology (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ferda Karadağ 0000-0002-3221-8712

Dilşat Foto Özdemir 0000-0002-9077-8419

Gülin Evinç 0000-0001-7384-531X

Esra Çalık Var 0000-0002-6025-0576

Cengiz Özbesler 0000-0002-1397-6913

Publication Date July 24, 2020
Submission Date February 7, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 31 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Karadağ, F., Foto Özdemir, D., Evinç, G., Çalık Var, E., et al. (2020). İHMAL EDİLEN ÇOCUKLARIN ANNELERİNİN ÖZELLİKLERİ: EV GÖZLEMİ İLE ANNELERİN BAKIM DÜZEYLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Toplum Ve Sosyal Hizmet, 31(3), 1080-1101. https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.686127

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