YEREL HALKIN TURİZME İLİŞKİN YAKLAŞIMLARINI İNCELEYEN LİTERATÜR ÜZERİNE BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZ

Year 2023, Volume: 22 Issue: 22, 62 - 95, 30.06.2023

Eda Bohur Süntar , Esin Can

Abstract

Turizm, ekonomiler için çok önemli bir gelir kaynağı olmakla birlikte, Dünya’daki en büyük ve en hızlı büyüyen sektörlerin başında gelmektedir (UNWTO, 2013). Turizmdeki bu hızlı gelişme, birçok katkısının yanında, çeşitli olumsuz etkilere de sebep olmaktadır. Bir bölgede turizmin sürdürülebilirliği ve başarısı, yerel halkın turizme ilişkin olumlu tutum içinde olmasıyla mümkün olmaktadır (Jurowski & Gursoy, 2004). Turizmin bölgeye verdiği zararlardaki artış, yerel halkın turizmdeki kilit rolünün fark edilmesini sağlamıştır. Bu durum, turizm alanında sürdürülebilirlik ve yerel halkla ilgili araştırmaları hızla arttırmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, bu çalışmanın amacı, yerel halkın turizme ilişkin yaklaşımı ve turizmin gelişimi için desteklemesini inceleyen makalelerin, bibliyometrik analizi yapılarak; konunun akademik olarak ne şekilde araştırıldığının ortaya konulması ve önemine dikkat çekilmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda; önce yerel halkın turizmin gelişimindeki önemi açıklanmıştır. Çalışma alanı doğrultusunda; turizm, sürdürülebilirlik, turizm etkisi, algı ve tutum kavramları açıklanarak, araştırılan konunun kavramsal çerçevesi oluşturulmuştur. WoS veri kaynağından yapılan tarama sonrasında, erişilen makalelerin tamamı incelenmiştir. Konuyu spesifik bir alanda kısıtlayan makalelerin, mevcut çalışmanın ana amacından uzaklaştığı belirlenmiştir. Bu durumun yanıltıcı sonuçlara sebep olmaması için, bu makaleler bibliyometrik analize başlanmadan önce elenmiştir. Bu eleme sonrasında kalan 59 makale; yayınlandığı dergi, yazar, yıl, yazar sayıları, araştırma yöntemleri ve araştırmanın yapıldığı coğrafi konumu, kıta ve ülke çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Son olarak, elde edilen bulgular değerlendirilerek tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Çalışmanın yazın olarak taranan ve bibliyometrik olarak ortaya konulan alan için önemli bir kaynak olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

turizm, sürdürülebilirlik, yerel halk, turizmin desteklenmesi, bibliyometrik analiz

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