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THE REMAINS OF PHARMACY FOUND IN SHAMKIR TOWN

Year 2022, Issue: 31, 75 - 84, 15.01.2023

Tarıkh Dostiyev

https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar2022.31.005

Abstract

Archaeological complex discovered in 2014, in medieval Shamkir town in the western part of the Republic of Azerbaijan was the remains of one of the town’s major buildings. A 47 m2 room in the south of the complex is likely to have been remains of pharmacy. On the eastern side of it were revealed the remains of a brick building with 6 furnaces. Archaeological exploration of the complex revealed the equipment typical for the pharmacy - various pottery, glassware items, stone tools and herbal remnants. One of the items used for the distillation process in the chemist’s was almost entirely intact. Sphere-cones, albarello type dishes, pottery containers with small holes for ventilation in the throat and the glazed pottery pan sample, divided into two parts by a partition wall, is also typical equipment for the pharmacy. Among the findings are many fragments of glass flask and drug containers used for the preparation and packaging of medicines. Carbonated plant fossils discovered during the exploration of the complex had healing properties and were used as raw materials in medieval medicine. Archaeological evidence suggests the archeological complex, which was discovered, to be a remnant of the pharmacy that operated in the Seljuk period.

Keywords

Shamkir Islamic medicine pharmacy pharmacy equipment alembic medicinal plants

References

  • ABU ALİ İBN SİNA, 1956. Kanon vrachebnoy nauki. Kniga II. O prostykh lekarstvakh. Izd-vo AN Uzbekskoy SSR, Tashkent. (in Russian)
  • AKYNBEK Y.SH. 2013. Sferokonusy srednevekovogo gorodishsha Aktobe, Istoriya KazNPU, ser. Istoricheskie i sotsial’no-politicheskie nauki, №4 (39), s. 100-103. (in Russian)
  • ALEKPERLİ, F., 2008 Tysyacha i odin secret Vostoka. Nurlan, Baku. (in Russian)
  • ALIEV, İ., QADIROV, F. 1985 Gabala. Elm, Baku.
  • ALBERTUS, M. 1958. Libellus de alchimia. University of Kolifornia Press, Berkeley. AMIZHANOVA, M. 1961. “O nekotorykh steklyannykh sosudakh Maverannakhra”, Istoriya material’noy kultury Uzbekstana. Vyp. 2. Fan, s. 241-254.Tashkent. (in Russian)
  • BOL’SHAKOV, O.G., 1984. Sredinevekovye goroda Blizhnego Vostoka (VII – seredina XIII v.). Nauka. (in Russian)
  • BULATOV, N.M., 1976. “Klassifikatsiya krasnoglinyanoi polivnoi keramiki zolotoordynskikh gorodov” Srednevekovye goroda Povolzh’ya, Nauka, s.73-107. Moskva. (in Russian)
  • CONTADİNİ, A., 2012. A World of Beasts: A Thirteenth-Century Illustrated Arabic Book on Animals (the Kitāb Naʿt al-ʾayawān) in the Ibn Bakhtīshūʿ Tradition. Brill. Leyde – Boston.
  • DOSTİYEV, T.M.2001 Şimal-Şərqi Azərbaycan IX-XV əsrlərdə. Bakı universitetinin nəşr., Bakı.
  • ETTİNGHAUSEN, R. 1962. Les trésors de l’Asie. Les peintures arabes. Editions d’art Albert Skira. Genève.
  • ƏSGƏR ƏHMƏD, 2012. XII-XV əsrlərdə Azərbaycanın mənəvi mədəniyyəti. Elm, Bakı.
  • FOMENKO, V.P. 1993. “Alkhimicheskie steklyannye sosudy iz raskopok srednevekovykh gorodov Azerbayzhana”, Azerbaycanın Maddi Mədəniyyəti, cild 11, s. 50-55, Elm, Baku. (in Russian)
  • HADIYEVA, S. 2017. “İslamaqədərki dövrdə təbabət”, AMEA Əlyazmalar İnstitutu, Elmi əsərlər №2(5), s.55-59
  • HƏKİMOVA, N. 2015. Azərbaycan xalq təbabəti: nəzəriyyə və təcrübə. Elm və təhsil, Bakı.
  • Kitabi-Dədə Qorqud, 1988. Yazıçı, Bakı. KUROCHKİNA, S.A. 2012. “Al’barello nizhnevolzhskikh stolits Ulusa Dzhuchi”, Povolzhskaya arkheologiya, №1, с. 78-93. (in Russian)
  • LAMM, C.İ. 1935. Glass from İran. Stokholm.
  • MIKAYILOVA, Ş.X. 2008. Qədim və orta əsrlərdə Azərbaycanda dərmanşünaslıq. Tarix elmləri namizədi diss. avtoref., 28 s.Bakı.
  • MİRZAAKHMEDOV, D. 2011. Uzbekistan, The Artistic Culture of Central Asia and Azerbaijan in the 9-th - 15-th cc. Vol. II. Glass. IICAS, pp.96-146, Samarkand-Tashkent. (in Russian)
  • NURETDİNOVA, A.R. 2011. “Sferokonicheskie sosudy: problema atributsii”, Uchenye zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta, Gumanitarnye nauki, t.153, kn.3, s.51-62. (in Russian)
  • SƏFƏROVA, A.Ş. 2021. Müxtəlif ekoloji şəraitdə yayılan alhagi maurorum medik bitkisinin mikobiotası və fungisid xüsusiyyətləri. Biologiya üzrə fəl.dok. diss. 141 s. Bakı. SHADDOUD, I. 2017. “Vaisselier de santé dans le monde arabe (VIIIe—XVe siècles): une restitution possible des usages grâce au croissement des sources”, Glazed Pottery of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea Region, 10th–18th Centuries. Stratum Plus: Universitet «Vysshaya antropologicheskaya shkola», pp. 189-206, Kazan-Kishinyev.
  • SKLYAROVA, E.K., ZHAROV, L.V., DERGOUSOVA,T.G. 2015. Istoriya farmatsii. Feniks, Rostov-na-Donu. (in Russian)
  • TIBI, S. 2006. Al-Razi and Islamic medicine in the 9th century, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, vol. 99, pp.206-207
  • VALİULİNA, S.I. 2005. Steklo Volzhskoi Bulgarii (po materialam Bilyarskogo gorodishcha). Kazanskii gosudarstvennyi universitet. Kazan. (in Russian)

THE REMAINS OF PHARMACY FOUND IN SHAMKIR TOWN

Year 2022, Issue: 31, 75 - 84, 15.01.2023

Tarıkh Dostiyev

https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar2022.31.005

Abstract

Archaeological complex discovered in 2014, in medieval Shamkir town in the western part of the Republic of Azerbaijan was the remains of one of the town’s major buildings. A 47 m2 room in the south of the complex is likely to have been remains of pharmacy. On the eastern side of it were revealed the remains of a brick building with 6 furnaces. Archaeological exploration of the complex revealed the equipment typical for the pharmacy - various pottery, glassware items, stone tools and herbal remnants. One of the items used for the distillation process in the chemist’s was almost entirely intact. Sphere-cones, albarello type dishes, pottery containers with small holes for ventilation in the throat and the glazed pottery pan sample, divided into two parts by a partition wall, is also typical equipment for the pharmacy. Among the findings are many fragments of glass flask and drug containers used for the preparation and packaging of medicines. Carbonated plant fossils discovered during the exploration of the complex had healing properties and were used as raw materials in medieval medicine. Archaeological evidence suggests the archeological complex, which was discovered, to be a remnant of the pharmacy that operated in the Seljuk period.

Keywords

Shamkir Islamic medicine pharmacy pharmacy equipment

References

  • ABU ALİ İBN SİNA, 1956. Kanon vrachebnoy nauki. Kniga II. O prostykh lekarstvakh. Izd-vo AN Uzbekskoy SSR, Tashkent. (in Russian)
  • AKYNBEK Y.SH. 2013. Sferokonusy srednevekovogo gorodishsha Aktobe, Istoriya KazNPU, ser. Istoricheskie i sotsial’no-politicheskie nauki, №4 (39), s. 100-103. (in Russian)
  • ALEKPERLİ, F., 2008 Tysyacha i odin secret Vostoka. Nurlan, Baku. (in Russian)
  • ALIEV, İ., QADIROV, F. 1985 Gabala. Elm, Baku.
  • ALBERTUS, M. 1958. Libellus de alchimia. University of Kolifornia Press, Berkeley. AMIZHANOVA, M. 1961. “O nekotorykh steklyannykh sosudakh Maverannakhra”, Istoriya material’noy kultury Uzbekstana. Vyp. 2. Fan, s. 241-254.Tashkent. (in Russian)
  • BOL’SHAKOV, O.G., 1984. Sredinevekovye goroda Blizhnego Vostoka (VII – seredina XIII v.). Nauka. (in Russian)
  • BULATOV, N.M., 1976. “Klassifikatsiya krasnoglinyanoi polivnoi keramiki zolotoordynskikh gorodov” Srednevekovye goroda Povolzh’ya, Nauka, s.73-107. Moskva. (in Russian)
  • CONTADİNİ, A., 2012. A World of Beasts: A Thirteenth-Century Illustrated Arabic Book on Animals (the Kitāb Naʿt al-ʾayawān) in the Ibn Bakhtīshūʿ Tradition. Brill. Leyde – Boston.
  • DOSTİYEV, T.M.2001 Şimal-Şərqi Azərbaycan IX-XV əsrlərdə. Bakı universitetinin nəşr., Bakı.
  • ETTİNGHAUSEN, R. 1962. Les trésors de l’Asie. Les peintures arabes. Editions d’art Albert Skira. Genève.
  • ƏSGƏR ƏHMƏD, 2012. XII-XV əsrlərdə Azərbaycanın mənəvi mədəniyyəti. Elm, Bakı.
  • FOMENKO, V.P. 1993. “Alkhimicheskie steklyannye sosudy iz raskopok srednevekovykh gorodov Azerbayzhana”, Azerbaycanın Maddi Mədəniyyəti, cild 11, s. 50-55, Elm, Baku. (in Russian)
  • HADIYEVA, S. 2017. “İslamaqədərki dövrdə təbabət”, AMEA Əlyazmalar İnstitutu, Elmi əsərlər №2(5), s.55-59
  • HƏKİMOVA, N. 2015. Azərbaycan xalq təbabəti: nəzəriyyə və təcrübə. Elm və təhsil, Bakı.
  • Kitabi-Dədə Qorqud, 1988. Yazıçı, Bakı. KUROCHKİNA, S.A. 2012. “Al’barello nizhnevolzhskikh stolits Ulusa Dzhuchi”, Povolzhskaya arkheologiya, №1, с. 78-93. (in Russian)
  • LAMM, C.İ. 1935. Glass from İran. Stokholm.
  • MIKAYILOVA, Ş.X. 2008. Qədim və orta əsrlərdə Azərbaycanda dərmanşünaslıq. Tarix elmləri namizədi diss. avtoref., 28 s.Bakı.
  • MİRZAAKHMEDOV, D. 2011. Uzbekistan, The Artistic Culture of Central Asia and Azerbaijan in the 9-th - 15-th cc. Vol. II. Glass. IICAS, pp.96-146, Samarkand-Tashkent. (in Russian)
  • NURETDİNOVA, A.R. 2011. “Sferokonicheskie sosudy: problema atributsii”, Uchenye zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta, Gumanitarnye nauki, t.153, kn.3, s.51-62. (in Russian)
  • SƏFƏROVA, A.Ş. 2021. Müxtəlif ekoloji şəraitdə yayılan alhagi maurorum medik bitkisinin mikobiotası və fungisid xüsusiyyətləri. Biologiya üzrə fəl.dok. diss. 141 s. Bakı. SHADDOUD, I. 2017. “Vaisselier de santé dans le monde arabe (VIIIe—XVe siècles): une restitution possible des usages grâce au croissement des sources”, Glazed Pottery of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea Region, 10th–18th Centuries. Stratum Plus: Universitet «Vysshaya antropologicheskaya shkola», pp. 189-206, Kazan-Kishinyev.
  • SKLYAROVA, E.K., ZHAROV, L.V., DERGOUSOVA,T.G. 2015. Istoriya farmatsii. Feniks, Rostov-na-Donu. (in Russian)
  • TIBI, S. 2006. Al-Razi and Islamic medicine in the 9th century, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, vol. 99, pp.206-207
  • VALİULİNA, S.I. 2005. Steklo Volzhskoi Bulgarii (po materialam Bilyarskogo gorodishcha). Kazanskii gosudarstvennyi universitet. Kazan. (in Russian)
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Archaeology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Tarıkh Dostiyev 0000-0002-9472-2885

Publication Date January 15, 2023
Submission Date July 4, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 31

Cite

APA Dostiyev, T. (2023). THE REMAINS OF PHARMACY FOUND IN SHAMKIR TOWN. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi(31), 75-84. https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar2022.31.005
AMA Dostiyev T. THE REMAINS OF PHARMACY FOUND IN SHAMKIR TOWN. TÜBA-AR. January 2023;(31):75-84. doi:10.22520/tubaar2022.31.005
Chicago Dostiyev, Tarıkh. “THE REMAINS OF PHARMACY FOUND IN SHAMKIR TOWN”. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi, no. 31 (January 2023): 75-84. https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar2022.31.005.
EndNote Dostiyev T (January 1, 2023) THE REMAINS OF PHARMACY FOUND IN SHAMKIR TOWN. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi 31 75–84.
IEEE T. Dostiyev, “THE REMAINS OF PHARMACY FOUND IN SHAMKIR TOWN”, TÜBA-AR, no. 31, pp. 75–84, January 2023, doi: 10.22520/tubaar2022.31.005.
ISNAD Dostiyev, Tarıkh. “THE REMAINS OF PHARMACY FOUND IN SHAMKIR TOWN”. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi 31 (January 2023), 75-84. https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar2022.31.005.
JAMA Dostiyev T. THE REMAINS OF PHARMACY FOUND IN SHAMKIR TOWN. TÜBA-AR. 2023;:75–84.
MLA Dostiyev, Tarıkh. “THE REMAINS OF PHARMACY FOUND IN SHAMKIR TOWN”. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi, no. 31, 2023, pp. 75-84, doi:10.22520/tubaar2022.31.005.
Vancouver Dostiyev T. THE REMAINS OF PHARMACY FOUND IN SHAMKIR TOWN. TÜBA-AR. 2023(31):75-84.
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