Review
Year 2020,
Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 147 - 154, 30.08.2020
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, which caused Covid-19, was first reported on December 8, 2019 in Hubei province, China. It quickly spread around the world and was officially accepted as a pandemic. It has multiple medical, psychological, and socio-economic consequences. Apart from viral pneumonia, SARS-CoV-2 also has adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. Together with pre-existing cardiovascular disease, Covid-19 is associated with a higher mortality rate. Covid-19 contributes to the development of serious cardiovascular complications such as acute coronary syndrome, myocarditis, stress-cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, and cardiac arrest.
References
- 1. Kang Y, Chen T, Mui D, et al. Cardiovascular manifestations and treatment considerations in covid-19. Heart. 2020. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317056. 2. Aktoz M, Altay H, Aslanger E, et al. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Uzlaşı Raporu: COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklar Konusunda Bilinmesi Gerekenler. Türk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2020;48 Suppl 1: 1-87. 3. ACC Science and Quality Committee. Covid-19 Clinical Guidance For the CV Care Team. March 6, 2020. 4. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports 5. Clerkin KJ, Fried JA, Raikhelkar J, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation. 2020. doi: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046941. 6. Geng YJ, Wei ZY, Qian HY, et al. Pathophysiological characteristics and therapeutic approaches for pulmonary injury and cardiovascular complications of coronavirus disease 2019. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2020;47:107228. 7. Guzik TJ, Mohiddin SA, Dimarco A, COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system: implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment options. Cardiovasc Res. 2020. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa106. 8. Verity R, Okell LC, Dorigatti I, et al. Estimates of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30243-7. 9 The European Society of Cardiology. ESC Guidance for the Diagnosis and Management of CV Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Last updated on 21 April 2020. 10. Wang D, Hu C, Hu C,et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China JAMA. 2020. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585. 11. Ferguson N, Fan E, Camporota L, et al. The Berlin definition of ARDS: an expanded rationale, justification, and supplementary material. Intensive Care Medicine. 2012;(38):1573–1582. 12. Baran DA, Grines CL, BaileyS., et al. SCAI clinical expert consensus statement on the classification of cardiogenic shock: This document was endorsed by the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the American Heart Association (AHA), the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) in April 2019. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;94(1):29-37. 13. Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2020 May;8(5):475-481.. 14 Guo T, Fan Y, Chen M, et al. Cardiovascular Implications of Fatal Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).JAMA Cardiol. 2020. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1017. 15. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020;395:497–506. 16. Zhang JJ, Dong X, Cao YY, et al. Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China. Allergy 2020. doi: 10.1111/all.14238. 17. Wu C, Chen X, Cai Y, et al. Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA Intern Med 2020. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.0994. 18. de Simone G, Mancusi C. Speculation is not evidence: antihypertensive therapy and COVID-19. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2020. doi: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa021. 19. Patel AB, Verma A. COVID-19 and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers: What Is the Evidence? JAMA 2020. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4812. 20. Sanchis-Gomar F, Lavie CJ, Perez-Quilis C, et al. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Antihypertensives (Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) in Coronavirus Disease 2019. Mayo Clin Proc. 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.03.026. 21. Coronavirus ACEi/ARB Investigation. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04330300. Accessed Apr 27, 2020. 22. Musher DM, Abers MS, Corrales-Medina VF. Acute infection and myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2019;380:171–176. 23. . Levy BI, Heusch G, Camici PG. The many faces of myocardial ischaemia and angina. Cardiovasc Res 2019;115:1460–1470. 24. Driggin E, Madhavan VM, Bikdeli B, et al. Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic. JACC state art review. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2020. doi.: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.031. 25. Shi S, Qin M, Shen B, et al. Association of Cardiac Injury With Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Cardiol 2020. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0950. 26. Shi H, Han X, Jiang N, et al. Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30086-4. 27. Karmpaliotis D, Kirtane AJ, Ruisi CP, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic utility of brain natriuretic Peptide in subjects admitted to the ICU with hypoxic respiratory failure due to noncardiogenic and cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Chest 2007;131:964–71. 28. Caforio AL, Pankuweit S, Arbustini E, et al. Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diag- nosis, management, and therapy of myocarditis: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases. Eur Heart J 2013;34:2636–48. 29. Channappanavar R, Perlman S. Pathogenic human koronavirüs infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immuno- pathology. Semin Immunopathol 2017;39:529–39. 30. Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L, et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res 2020;30:269–71. 31. Gautret P, Lagier JC, Parola P, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949. 32. Tisdale JE, Jaynes HA, Kingery JR, et al. Development and validation of a risk score to predict QT interval prolongation in hospitalized patients. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2013;6:479–87. 33. Khan IH, Zahra SA, Zaim S, et al. Harky A3. At the heart of COVID-19. J Card Surg. 2020 May 5. doi: 10.1111/jocs.14596. 34. COVID-19 and Coagulopathy: Frequently Asked Questions. Available at: https://www.hematology.org/covid-19/covid-19-and-coagulopathy. 2020. 35. Wang J, Hajizadeh N, Moore EE,et al. Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) Treatment for COVID-19 Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): A Case Series. J Thromb Haemost. 2020 doi: 10.1111/jth.14828. 36. Vandermeer ML, Thomas AR, Kamimoto L, et al. Association between use of statins and mortality among patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infections: a multistate study. J Infect Dis 2012;205:13–9. 37. Mehrbod P, Omar AR, Hair-Bejo M,et al. Mechanisms of action and efficacy of statins against influenza. Biomed Res Int 2014;2014:872370. 38. Xiong TY, Redwood S, Prendergast B,et al. Coronaviruses and the cardiovascular system: acute and long-term implications. Eur Heart J. 2020. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa231. 39. Wongrakpanich S, Wongrakpanich A, Melhado K, et al. A Comprehensive Review of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use in The Elderly. Aging Dis 2018;9:143–50. 40. Khobragade SB, Gupta P, Gurav P, et al. Assessment of proarrhythmic activity of chloroquine in in vivo and ex vivo rabbit models. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2013;4:116–24.
Year 2020,
Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 147 - 154, 30.08.2020
Abstract
Covid-19’a neden olan SARS-CoV-2, ilk olarak Çin’in Hubei eyaletinde 8 Aralık 2019 tarihinde bildirildi. Hızla dünyaya yayılarak pandemi olarak kabul edildi. Tıbbi, psikolojik ve sosyo-ekonomik birçok sonuçları olan SARS-CoV-2, sadece viral pnömoniye neden olmaz, kardiyovasküler sistemde de önemli etkilere sahiptir. Kardiyovasküler hastalık ile birlikte bulunduğunda Covid-19 daha yüksek ölüm oranı ile ilişkilidir. Covid-19, akut koroner sendrom, miyokardit, stres-kardiyomiyopati, aritmi, kardiyojenik şok ve kardiyak arrest gibi önemli kardiyovasküler komplikasyonların gelişimine de katkıda bulunur.
References
- 1. Kang Y, Chen T, Mui D, et al. Cardiovascular manifestations and treatment considerations in covid-19. Heart. 2020. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317056. 2. Aktoz M, Altay H, Aslanger E, et al. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Uzlaşı Raporu: COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklar Konusunda Bilinmesi Gerekenler. Türk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2020;48 Suppl 1: 1-87. 3. ACC Science and Quality Committee. Covid-19 Clinical Guidance For the CV Care Team. March 6, 2020. 4. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports 5. Clerkin KJ, Fried JA, Raikhelkar J, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation. 2020. doi: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046941. 6. Geng YJ, Wei ZY, Qian HY, et al. Pathophysiological characteristics and therapeutic approaches for pulmonary injury and cardiovascular complications of coronavirus disease 2019. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2020;47:107228. 7. Guzik TJ, Mohiddin SA, Dimarco A, COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system: implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment options. Cardiovasc Res. 2020. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa106. 8. Verity R, Okell LC, Dorigatti I, et al. Estimates of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30243-7. 9 The European Society of Cardiology. ESC Guidance for the Diagnosis and Management of CV Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Last updated on 21 April 2020. 10. Wang D, Hu C, Hu C,et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China JAMA. 2020. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585. 11. Ferguson N, Fan E, Camporota L, et al. The Berlin definition of ARDS: an expanded rationale, justification, and supplementary material. Intensive Care Medicine. 2012;(38):1573–1582. 12. Baran DA, Grines CL, BaileyS., et al. SCAI clinical expert consensus statement on the classification of cardiogenic shock: This document was endorsed by the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the American Heart Association (AHA), the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) in April 2019. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;94(1):29-37. 13. Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2020 May;8(5):475-481.. 14 Guo T, Fan Y, Chen M, et al. Cardiovascular Implications of Fatal Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).JAMA Cardiol. 2020. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1017. 15. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020;395:497–506. 16. Zhang JJ, Dong X, Cao YY, et al. Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China. Allergy 2020. doi: 10.1111/all.14238. 17. Wu C, Chen X, Cai Y, et al. Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA Intern Med 2020. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.0994. 18. de Simone G, Mancusi C. Speculation is not evidence: antihypertensive therapy and COVID-19. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2020. doi: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa021. 19. Patel AB, Verma A. COVID-19 and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers: What Is the Evidence? JAMA 2020. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4812. 20. Sanchis-Gomar F, Lavie CJ, Perez-Quilis C, et al. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Antihypertensives (Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) in Coronavirus Disease 2019. Mayo Clin Proc. 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.03.026. 21. Coronavirus ACEi/ARB Investigation. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04330300. Accessed Apr 27, 2020. 22. Musher DM, Abers MS, Corrales-Medina VF. Acute infection and myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2019;380:171–176. 23. . Levy BI, Heusch G, Camici PG. The many faces of myocardial ischaemia and angina. Cardiovasc Res 2019;115:1460–1470. 24. Driggin E, Madhavan VM, Bikdeli B, et al. Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic. JACC state art review. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2020. doi.: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.031. 25. Shi S, Qin M, Shen B, et al. Association of Cardiac Injury With Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Cardiol 2020. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0950. 26. Shi H, Han X, Jiang N, et al. Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30086-4. 27. Karmpaliotis D, Kirtane AJ, Ruisi CP, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic utility of brain natriuretic Peptide in subjects admitted to the ICU with hypoxic respiratory failure due to noncardiogenic and cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Chest 2007;131:964–71. 28. Caforio AL, Pankuweit S, Arbustini E, et al. Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diag- nosis, management, and therapy of myocarditis: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases. Eur Heart J 2013;34:2636–48. 29. Channappanavar R, Perlman S. Pathogenic human koronavirüs infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immuno- pathology. Semin Immunopathol 2017;39:529–39. 30. Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L, et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res 2020;30:269–71. 31. Gautret P, Lagier JC, Parola P, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949. 32. Tisdale JE, Jaynes HA, Kingery JR, et al. Development and validation of a risk score to predict QT interval prolongation in hospitalized patients. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2013;6:479–87. 33. Khan IH, Zahra SA, Zaim S, et al. Harky A3. At the heart of COVID-19. J Card Surg. 2020 May 5. doi: 10.1111/jocs.14596. 34. COVID-19 and Coagulopathy: Frequently Asked Questions. Available at: https://www.hematology.org/covid-19/covid-19-and-coagulopathy. 2020. 35. Wang J, Hajizadeh N, Moore EE,et al. Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) Treatment for COVID-19 Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): A Case Series. J Thromb Haemost. 2020 doi: 10.1111/jth.14828. 36. Vandermeer ML, Thomas AR, Kamimoto L, et al. Association between use of statins and mortality among patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infections: a multistate study. J Infect Dis 2012;205:13–9. 37. Mehrbod P, Omar AR, Hair-Bejo M,et al. Mechanisms of action and efficacy of statins against influenza. Biomed Res Int 2014;2014:872370. 38. Xiong TY, Redwood S, Prendergast B,et al. Coronaviruses and the cardiovascular system: acute and long-term implications. Eur Heart J. 2020. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa231. 39. Wongrakpanich S, Wongrakpanich A, Melhado K, et al. A Comprehensive Review of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use in The Elderly. Aging Dis 2018;9:143–50. 40. Khobragade SB, Gupta P, Gurav P, et al. Assessment of proarrhythmic activity of chloroquine in in vivo and ex vivo rabbit models. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2013;4:116–24.
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Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Collection |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | August 30, 2020 |
| Acceptance Date | August 4, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2020 Volume: 4 Issue: 2 |
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Cited By
COVID-19 Pandemisinde Kronik Hastalık Yönetiminde Hemşirenin Rolü
Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.54061/jphn.1224713
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