Explanation of morphological and biochemical diversity of autochthonous grapes grown in Türkiye (Kelkit Basin) using multivariate analysis

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 160 - 172

Ahmet Sümbül , Ercan Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.53663/turjfas.1505713

Abstract

Grapes are widely grown around the world thanks to their different uses and nutritional importance. The demand for grapes is changing day by day in line with consumer preferences. This situation reveals the importance of identifying and protecting autochthonous grape varieties. This study was carried out to evaluate the morphological and biochemical characteristics of a previously unexplored autochthonous grape (Vitis vinifera) population using multivariate analyses. Morphological and biochemical characteristics were evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA), correlation analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis based on Ward's method. In the study, bunch weight varied between 71.67 g and 554.17 g, berry weight varied between 1.54 g and 10.98 g, and the number of seeds in berries varied between 0.00 and 3.50. Among the biochemical properties, total antioxidant content varied between 10.12% and 91.75%, total phenolic content varied between 123.77 mg 100 g-1 and 664.58 mg 100 g-1, total flavonoid content varied between 16.48 mg 100 g-1 and 270.92 mg 100 g-1 and total anthocyanin content varied between 3.35 mg 100 g-1 and 74.42 mg 100 g-1. The coefficient of variation (CV) among the characteristics examined ranged from 5.16% to 102.58%. As a result of PCA, the first two components explained 43.43% of the variation. The autochthonous grapes examined were divided into two main groups with different sub-clusters as a result of hierarchical clustering analysis. As a result of multivariate analysis, was detected significant variation among autochthonous grapes. The variations obtained show that the germplasm examined will be a valuable genetic resource for future grape breeding.

Keywords

Correlation, genetic diversity, germplasm, PCA, Vitis vinifera

Ethical Statement

Not applicable

Supporting Institution

This study was supported by the Erciyes University Scientific Research Projects Unit with a grant number of FDK-2021-11060

Project Number

FDK-2021-11060

Thanks

The authors would like to thank the Scientific Research Unit (Project number FDK-2021-11060) of Erciyes University for the financial support. We would like to thank Prof. Dr. Ali SABIR for his support during the planning phase of the study

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