Investigation of the Hamamayağı/Ladik (Samsun, Turkey) Geothermal Field and It’s Surroundings by Optical Remote Sensing with GIS Methods

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 75 - 83, 30.12.2022

Ömer Faruk Uzun , Orkun Turgay

https://doi.org/10.48053/turkgeo.1132970

Cited By: 1

Abstract

In this study, the geothermal potential was investigated by remote sensing methods in the Ladik Hamamayağı region of Samsun province at the Central Black Sea region. The satellite images were evaluated in the GIS environment. Various parameters differ in remote sensing studies and post-exploration geothermal field remote sensing for exploration studies, and these parameters are explained in detail in the study., All alteration types that should be in a geothermal field were mapped with the ASTER data, lineaments were extracted, thermal anomalies were captured and interpreted with alterations in the GIS environment, since there are no alteration information in the Hamamayağı geothermal field that previous studies have uncovered. As a result of these processes and interpretations, remote sensing and GIS methods were used together for the Hamamayağı geothermal field to produce guiding data and maps for the discovery of new potential areas. Within the framework of these produced maps, technical suggestions were made to the authorities who have a say on the subject.

Keywords

Geothermal, Potential, Mapping, ASTER, Remote Sensing, GIS

References

• Akın, U., Ulugergerli, E.U., & Kutlu, S. (2014). Türkiye jeotermal potansiyelinin ısı akısı hesaplamasıyla değerlendirilmesi. MTA Dergisi, 149, 205-214.
• Akkoyunlu, A. (2006). Türkiye’de enerji kaynakları ve çevreye etkileri, Türkiye’de Enerji ve Kalkınma Sempozyumu Bildiri Kitabı, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, İstanbul, 131-145.
• Akkuş, İ. (2017). Neden jeotermal enerji? Türkiye için önemi, hedefler ve beklentiler. Mavi Gezegen Dergisi, 23, 25-39.
• Arslan, S., Darıcı, M., & Karahan, Ç. (2001). Türkiye’nin jeotermal enerji potansiyeli. Jeotermal Enerji Semineri, 21-27.
• Bakardjiev, D., & Popov, K. (2015). ASTER spectral band ratios for detection of hydrothermal alterations and ore deposits in the Panagyurishte Ore Region, Central Srednogorie, Bulgaria. Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society, 76(1), 79-88.
• Balçık, F.B., & Ergene, E.M. (2017). Yer yüzey sıcaklığının termal uzaktan algılama verileri ile belirlenmesi: İstanbul örneği. Türkiye Ulusal Fotogrametri ve Uzaktan Algılama Birliği 9. Teknik Sempozyumu Bildiri Özetleri Kitabı içinde (Turgut B. vd., Ed), Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye, 21.
• Gültekin, F., Hatipoğlu, E., & Fırat Ersoy, A.F. (2010). Ladik-Hamamayağı (Samsun) sıcak ve soğuk su kaynaklarının hidrojeokimyası ve köken yorumu. Yerbilimleri, 31(2), 111-126.
• Fakhari, S., Jafarirad, A., Afzal, P., & Lotfi, M. (2019). Delineation of hydrothermal alteration zones for porphyry systems utilizing ASTER data in Jebal-Barez area, SE Iran. Iranian Journal of Earth Sciences, 11(1), 80-92.
• Fatima, K., Khattak, M.U.K., Kausar, A.B., Toqeer, M., Haider, N., & Rehman, A.U. (2017). Minerals identification and mapping using ASTER satellite image. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, 11(4), 046006.
• Melikoğlu, M. (2017). Geothermal energy in Turkey and around the World: A review of the literature and an analysis based on Turkey's Vision 2023 energy targets. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 76, 485–492
• Moghaddam, M.K., Samadzadegan, F., Noorollahi, Y., Sharifi, M.A., & Itoi, R. (2014). Spatial analysis and multi-criteria decision making for regional-scale geothermal favorability map. Geothermics, 50, 189–201.
• MTA, (2021a). Türkiye jeotermal enerji potansiyeli ve arama çalışmaları. from https://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/arastirmalar/jeotermal-enerji-arastirmalari.
• MTA, (2021b). Türkiye jeotermal kaynaklarının dağılımı ve uygulama haritası. From https://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/jeotermal-harita/images/1.jpg
• MTA, (2005). Inventory of Geothermal Resources of Turkey, Ankara.
• Ninomiya, Y. (2003). A stabilized vegetation index and several mineralogic indices defined for ASTER VNIR and SWIR data. In IGARSS 2003. 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Proceedings (Vol. 3, pp. 1552-1554). IEEE.
• Noorollahi, Y., Ghasempour, R., & Jalilinasrabady, S. (2015). A GIS based integration method for geothermal resources exploration and site selection. Energy Exploration & Exploitation, 33(2), 243-257.
• Noorollahi, Y., Itoi, R., Fujii, H., & Tanaka, T. (2008). GIS integration model for geothermal exploration and well siting. Geothermics, 37(2), 107-131.
• Oğuz, H. (2015). A software tool for retrieving landsurface temperature from ASTER imagery. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 21, 471-482
• Ozdemir, A. (2012). Geothermal Energy in Turkey: Potential, Exploration Methods, and Properties of Known Geothermal Fields. Elma Publishing, 354 p. (in Turkish)
• Ozdemir, A., Yaşar, E., & Çevik, G. (2017). An importance of the geological investigations in Kavaklıdere geothermal field (Turkey). Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources, 3(1), 29-49,
• Ozdemir, A., Palabiyik, Y. & Arabacı, F. (2021a). Geological structure and geothermal potential of the southeastern Alaşehir, Gediz Graben (Western Anatolia, Turkey). International Journal of Earth Sciences Knowledge and Applications, 3(3), 190-207
• Ozdemir, A., Arabacı, F., & Palabiyik, Y. (2021b). Reevaluation of geothermal potential of Çubukludağ Graben (Western Anatolia, Turkey). International Journal of Earth Sciences Knowledge and Applications, 3(2), 70-88
• Ozdemir, A., & Palabiyik, Y. (2019). A new method for geological interpretation of 3D MT (magnetotelluric) depth maps of high-temperature and deep geothermal fields: A case study from Western Turkey. In 2nd International Congress on Applied Sciences, 28-30.
• Pamir, A.N. (2003). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Enerji, Türkiye’nin Enerji Kaynakları ve Enerji Politikaları. Metalurji Dergisi, 134, 73-100. Shahi, H., & Kamkar-Rouhami, A. (2014). A GIS-based weights of evidence model for mineral potential mapping of hydrothermal gold deposits in Torbat-e-Heydarieh area. Journal of Mining and Environment, 5(2), 79-89.
• Testa, F.J. Villanueva, C., Cooke, D.R., & Zhang, L. (2018). Lithological and Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping of Epithermal, Porphyry and Tourmaline Breccia Districts in the Argentine Andes using ASTER Imagery. Remote Sensing, 10(2):203.
• Öztürk, T., & Uyguçgil, H. (2018). Hidrokarbon Aramacılığında Çizgiselliğin Bulunması İçin Bir Yöntem. VII. Uzaktan Algılama ve CBS Sempozyumu.
• Yalçın, M., & Gül, F.K. (2017). A GIS-based multi criteria decision analysis approach for exploring geothermal resources: Akarcay basin (Afyonkarahisar). Geothermics 67,18–28
• Yıldız, A., Bağcı, M., Başaran, C., Çonkar, F.E., & Ayday, C. (2017). Landsat 8 uydu verilerinin jeotermal saha araştırmalarında kullanılması: Gazligöl (Afyonkarahisar) çalışması. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(4), 277-284
• Ninomiya, Y. (2002). Mapping quartz, carbonate minerals, and mafic-ultramafic rocks using remotely sensed multispectral thermal infrared ASTER data. In Thermosense XXIV (Vol. 4710, pp. 191-202). SPIE.
• Yurteri, C., & Şimşek, Ş. (2017). Hydrogeological and hydrochemical studies of the Kaman-Savcili-Büyükoba (Kirsehir) geothermal area, Turkey. Geothermics, Volume 65, Pages 99-112.