The Classification of Soils Formed Over Göynük River (Bingöl) Terraces and Determination of Their Physico-Chemical Propertiesa

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 604 - 612, 18.10.2018

Yasin Demir , Mustafa Yıldırım Canbolat

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.471366

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Soils are constantly changing due to topographical factors, agricultural
practices and climate characteristics. Along with the formation processes,
soils generally have different characteristics due to the impacts of the
factors they are exposed to. This study determined the physical, chemical and
hydraulic characteristics of three terraces formed by the Bingöl-Göynük River
and the terrace soils were classified according to Soil Taxonomy. Soil profiles
were excavated on each terrace, and horizon-based sampling was performed. The 1^st
terrace over the river bed was composed of alluvial deposits. The 2^nd
and 3^rd terrace soils had structural development and advanced
horizon development. The soil moisture regime was xeric, the temperature regime
was mesic, and the climate was related to soil formation. The most distinctive
soil formation process was identified as carbonate accumulation in the 2^nd
terrace. According to Soil Taxonomy, all three soil profiles were classified
within Entisol and Vertisol orders.

Keywords

Soil properties, terraces, soil profile, classification.

Göynük Nehri (Bingöl) Teraslarında Oluşan Toprakların Sınıflandırılması ve Fiziko-Kimyasal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Topraklar topoğrafik faktörler,
tarımsal uygulamalar ve iklim özellikleri nedeniyle sürekli değişim
gösterirler. Oluşum süreci içerisinde topraklar, maruz kaldıkları faktörler
etkisiyle farklı karakteristik özelliklere sahip olurlar. Bu çalışmada
Bingöl-Göynük nehri kenarında oluşmuş üç adet terasın morfolojik, fiziksel,
kimyasal ve hidrolik özellikleri belirlenmiş ve Toprak Taxonomisine göre
sınıflandırılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında teraslarda açılan toprak profilleri
incelenmiş ve horizon esasına göre örnekleme yapılmıştır. Nehir yatağındaki
birinci teras toprakları alüvyal depozitlerin oluşturduğu materyallerden
meydana gelmiştir. Araştırma alanındaki ikinci ve üçüncü teraslar üzerindeki
topraklar ise strüktür gelişiminin meydana geldiği ileri düzeyde horizon
gelişiminin oluştuğu topraklardır. Toprak nem rejiminin xeric ve sıcaklık
rejiminin mesic olduğu alanda iklimin toprak oluşumu ile ilişkili olduğu
belirlenmiştir.  En belirgin toprak
oluşum işlemi ikinci terasta belirlenen karbonat birikimi olmuştur. Elde edilen
veriler doğrultusunda incelenen üç toprak profili Toprak Taksonomisine göre
Entisol ve Vertisol ordolarında sınıflandırılmıştır.

 

Keywords

Toprak özellikleri, teraslar, toprak profili, sınıflandırma.

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