Seasonal Variations of Antioxidant Enzyme and Heavy Metal Levels in Mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis L., 1819) In Dardenelles Bosphorus (Kepez)

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 659 - 665, 18.10.2018

Neslihan Demir , Gülsüm Akkuş

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.471502

Cited By: 2

Abstract

In this study, the effects of heavy metal pollution on mussel have been
investigated in Kepez, Çanakkale Bosphorus, where has busy sea traffic. For this purpose, changes
in total protein (TP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels in
the gills, hepatopancreas and muscle tissues of the Mediterranean Mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) samples investigated. The levels of cadmium (Cd),
copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) heavy metals in the tissues
were also determined to evaluate seasonal differences. The results exhibited
that Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe and Zn concentrations of gills, hepatopancreas and muscles
of M. galloprovincialis samples were
under allowable values (except from Pb level in hepatopancreas
in
autumn). TP concentrations were higher in autumn in hepatopancreas.
SOD activities were also higher in spring and levels of muscles and gills
activities were significantly different in the spring and autumn (p<0.05). Higher CAT activity was measured also in
spring although CAT levels of the hepatopancreas and gills were significantly
different in the samples collected. The differences indicate that antioxidative
defence mechanisms were strongly correlated with heavy metal concentrations,
and enzymatic activities are the most common bioindicators for determination
and prevention of aquatic pollution.

Keywords

Heavy metal, antioxidant, CAT, Mytilus galloprovincialis, SOD.

Çanakkale Boğazı (Kepez) Midye (Mytilus galloprovincialis L., 1819) Örneklerinde Ağır Metal ve Antioksidan Enzim Düzeylerinin Mevsimsel Değişimi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, yoğun bir deniz trafiğine
sahip olan Çanakkale Boğazı Kepez kıyılarındaki ağır metal kirliliğinin
midyeler üzerindeki etkileri araştırıldı. Bu amaçla, Akdeniz Midyesi (Mytilus galloprovincialis) solungaç,
hepatopankreas ve kas dokularında toplam protein (TP), süperoksit dismutaz
(SOD) ve katalaz (CAT) düzeylerindeki değişimler incelendi. Mevsimsel
farklılıkları değerlendirebilmek için dokulardaki kadmiyum (Cd), bakır (Cu),
demir (Fe), kurşun (Pb) ve çinko (Zn) ağır metallerinin birikim düzeyleri de
tayin edildi. M. galloprovincialis
örneklerinin solungaç, hepatopankreas ve kas dokularındaki ağır metal
miktarlarının (sonbaharda hepatopankreasta ölçülen Pb değeri hariç) kabul
edilebilir değerlerin altında olduğu belirlendi.  TP miktarı, en yüksek hepatopankreas dokusunda
sonbahar mevsiminde görüldü. SOD aktivitesi, ilkbahar mevsiminde daha yüksek
görülmekle birlikte solungaç ve kas dokularında mevsimsel olarak anlamlı
farklılık gözlendi (p<0.05). CAT aktivitesinde solungaç ve hepatopankreas dokularında
sonbaharda ilkbahara oranla belirgin ve anlamlı bir düşüş görüldü. Belirlenen
farklılıklar, antioksidatif savunma mekanizmalarının ağır metal
konsantrasyonlarıyla güçlü bir korelasyon gösterdiğini ve sucul kirliliğin
belirlenmesi ve engellenmesinde enzimatik aktivitenin en genel belirteç
olduğunu ortaya koydu.

Keywords

Ağır metal, antioksidan, CAT, Mytilus galloprovincialis, SOD.

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