Bakla (Fabasea) mı Suçlu Genleriniz mi?

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 42 - 53, 30.12.2021

Cahit Erkul , Aliye Özenoğlu

https://doi.org/10.51536/tusbad.985503

Abstract

Glikoz-6-fosfat dehidrogenaz (G6PD) eksikliği, dünya çapında en az 400 milyon kişiyi etkileyen, dünyadaki en yaygın enzim eksikliğidir. Bu metabolik enzim, eritrositlerin oksidatif strese karşı korunmasında önemli bir rol oynar, böylece hemoliz önlenir. Tarihsel olarak, baklanın (fabasea) tüketilmeye başlanmasından sonra patolojik bir bozukluk fark edilmiş, daha sonra bu durum G6PD eksikliği olarak tanımlanmıştır. Eksik G6PD alelleri dünya çapında görülmektedir. Fabasea meyvesinin içerdiği besin öğeleri incelendiğinde, proteinler, karbonhidratlar, suda çözünen vitaminler (folik asit, niasin ve C vitamini), diyet lifi açısından zengin olduğunu ortaya konulmuştur. Favizm, bakla tüketiminden kaynaklanan hemolitik anemiyi tanımlamak için kullanılan bir terimdir. G6PD eksikliği ile ilişkisi bilimsel ve tıbbi literatürde yer almıştır. Nutrigenetik, hastalık etiyolojisinde rol oynayabilecek beslenme ve genetik faktörlerin etkileşimi ile ilgilidir. Bu derlemenin amacı G6PD eksikliğinin patofizyolojisi, genetik özellikleri ve favizm ile ilişkisini ortaya koymak ve genetik yapıya göre beslenmenin (nutrigenetik) önemine vurgu yapmaktır.

Keywords

Fabasea, favizm, nutrigenetik

Which is Guilty? Fabaceae or Your Genes

Abstract

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzyme deficiency in the world, affecting at least 400 million people worldwide.This metabolic enzyme plays an important role in protecting erythrocytes against oxidative stress, thus preventing hemolysis. Historically, a pathological disorder was noticed after the consumption of fabaceae, which was later defined as G6PD deficiency. Missing G6PD alleles occur worldwide. When the nutritional elements of the fabaceae fruit were examined, it was revealed that it is rich in proteins, carbohydrates, water-soluble vitamins (folic acid, niacin and vitamin C), dietary fiber. Favism is a term used to describe hemolytic anemia caused by consumption of fabaceae. Its association with G6PD deficiency has been reported in the scientific and medical literature. Nutrigenetics is concerned with the interaction of nutrition and genetic factors that may play a role in disease etiology. The aim of this review is to reveal the pathophysiology of G6PD deficiency, its genetic characteristics and its relationship with favism, and to emphasize the importance of nutrition (nutrigenetics) according to genetic structure.

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