DİJİTAL ÇAĞDA ENTELEKTÜEL SERMAYENİN DÖNÜŞÜMÜ VE ŞİRKETLERİN REKABET GÜÇLERİNE ETKİLERİ

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 18, 7 - 26, 31.12.2020

Türkmen Derdiyok Çağlar Doğru Serkan Ünal

Abstract

İnternetin insan hayatına girmesiyle birlikte teknolojik gelişmelerde ciddi bir eğilim yakalanmış, bilişim teknolojilerini kullanarak dünya çapında etkinlik gösteren firmalar çok büyük ölçeklere ulaşabilmiştir. Bu dönemde şirketlerin sahip oldukları finansal sermayenin önemi görece azalırken, entelektüel sermaye çeşitli boyutlarıyla ön plana çıkmıştır. Sermayenin dönüşümü belirli şirketlerin çok yüksek satış hacmi ve kâr marjlarını yakalamasına fırsat verirken, küçük ve orta ölçekli birçok firma ise pazar paylarını kaybetmişler ya da gelirlerini teknoloji tekelleriyle paylaşmak zorunda kalmışlardır. Belirli alanlarda tekelleşen teknoloji şirketleri, üreten tüketici (prosumer) kavramının doğuşuyla önemli maliyet avantajları yakalamış ayrıca tüketiciye ait veriyi kullanarak hızla büyümeyi başarmışlardır. Bazı ülkeler büyük teknoloji şirketlerine ev sahipliği yaptıkları için bu dönüşümden karlı çıkarken, kalan çoğunluk ise hem beyin göçüne hem de gelir kaybına uğramıştır. ARGE yatırımları ve Teknoloji şirketlerinin ekonomideki ağırlığı düşünüldüğünde Türkiye’de gerekli dönüşümün henüz sağlanamadığı görülmektedir. Bu makalede, entelektüel sermayenin farklı bileşenleri ve sermayenin dönüşümü incelenmiştir ve Türkiye’deki karar vericiler için aksiyon önerileri sunulmuştur.

Keywords

Entelektüel Sermaye, Üretim faktörleri, Sermayenin Dönüşümü

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