AB-TÜRKİYE GERİ KABUL ANLAŞMASI’NIN ARDINDAN SURİYELİ GÖÇMENLERİN ENTEGRASYON SÜRECİ: İZMİR’DEKİ SURİYELİ ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 127 - 149, 28.02.2021

Zühal Ünalp Çepel , Sinem Abka , Tuğcan Durmuşlar

https://doi.org/10.47525/ulasbid.841252

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu çalışma, İzmir’deki Suriyeli üniversite öğrencilerinin karşılaştığı sorunları ve entegrasyon beklentilerini analiz etmektedir. Metodolojik olarak araştırma, İzmir’deki 22 Suriyeli üniversite öğrencisinin anket sonuçları ve kamu kurumlarında çalışan 3 uzman ile gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler ile desteklenen bir örnek olay çalışmasına dayanmaktadır. Makale, AB-Türkiye Geri Kabul Anlaşması’nın Türkiye’nin Suriyeli göçmenlerin entegrasyonu politikasını nasıl etkilediğini değerlendirmektedir. Makalede İzmir’deki Suriyeli öğrencilerin kamu kurumlarının ve üniversitelerin uyguladığı politikalardan doğrudan etkilendiği tartışılmaktadır. Ancak öğrenciler halen eğitim, sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik alanlarda engellerle karşılaşmaktadır. Söz konusu engellere yönelik kesin çözümler üretilmesi kamu kurumlarının devamlı koordinasyonu ile mümkün olabilecektir.

Keywords

Suriyeli göçmenler, Suriyeli üniversite öğrencileri, Avrupa Birliği, Türkiye, İzmir

Thanks

Bu çalışmanın ilk versiyonu "Seeking for Solutions to the Integration Process of Syrians in Turkey: Case of Higher Education Students in Izmir" başlığı altında, 12-13 Nisan 2019 tarihlerinde Uşak Üniversitesi ev sahipliğinde gerçekleştirilen "7th SCF International Conference on the Future of European Union and Future of Turkey-EU Relations " adlı uluslararası konferansta sunulmuştur. Oturum esnasında çalışmamıza katkı sağlayan hocalarımıza teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.

INTEGRATION PROCESS OF SYRIAN MIGRANTS FOLLOWING THE EU-TURKEY READMISSION AGREEMENT: CASE OF SYRIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN İZMİR

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the current challenges and integration prospects of Syrian university students in İzmir. Methodologically it is based on a case study through the questionnaire results of 22 Syrian students in İzmir and 3 interviews with experts from public institutions. The article evaluates how the EU-Turkey Readmission Agreement has influenced Turkey’s integration policy over the Syrian migrants. It is argued that Syrian university students in İzmir are directly influenced from the comprehensive policies of public institutions and universities. However they still face with educational, socio-cultural and economic challenges. Generating certain solutions to those challenges can be possible through solid coordination of the institutions.

Keywords

Syrian migrants, Syrian university students, European Union, Turkey, Izmir

References

• “AB Mülteci Zirvesi: Türkiye-AB Anlaşmaya Vardı” [EU Refugee Summit: Turkey and the EU Agreed], BBC, 18.03.2016, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler/2016/03/160318_ab_turkiye_anlasma_sonuc(Accessed 18.10.2019).
• “AB Mülteci Zirvesi: Türkiye-AB Anlaşmaya Vardı” [EU Refugee Summit: Turkey and the EU Agreed], BBC, 18.03.2016, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler/2016/03/160318_ab_turkiye_anlasma_sonuc(Accessed 18.10.2019).
• Agreement Between the European Union and the Republic of Turkey on the Readmission of Persons Residing without Authorisation, Official Journal of the European Union, L 134/3, 7.5.2014, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:22014A0507(01)&from=EN (Accessed 18.07.2019).
• Agreement Between the European Union and the Republic of Turkey on the Readmission of Persons Residing without Authorisation, Official Journal of the European Union, L 134/3, 7.5.2014, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:22014A0507(01)&from=EN (Accessed 18.07.2019).
• ARAS, B. and YASUN, S. (2016), “The Educational Opportunities and Challenges of Syrian Refugee Students in Turkey: Temporary Education Centers and Beyond”, IPC Mercator Policy Brief, 1-15.
• ARAS, B. and YASUN, S. (2016), “The Educational Opportunities and Challenges of Syrian Refugee Students in Turkey: Temporary Education Centers and Beyond”, IPC Mercator Policy Brief, 1-15.
• BATIR, K. (2017) “Avrupa Birliği’nin Geri Kabul Anlaşmaları: Türkiye ile AB Arasında İmzalanan Geri Kabul Anlaşması Çerçevesinde Hukuki Bir Değerlendirme [The European Union’s Readmission Agreements: A Legal Assessment of the Readmission Agreement Signed Between the EU and Turkey]”, Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi 15(30), 585-604.
• BATIR, K. (2017) “Avrupa Birliği’nin Geri Kabul Anlaşmaları: Türkiye ile AB Arasında İmzalanan Geri Kabul Anlaşması Çerçevesinde Hukuki Bir Değerlendirme [The European Union’s Readmission Agreements: A Legal Assessment of the Readmission Agreement Signed Between the EU and Turkey]”, Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi 15(30), 585-604.
• Council of Higher Education. (2017), Information Management System, Student Figures Based on Nationality 2017-2018 Academic Year, https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr/ (Accessed 18.07.2019).
• Council of Higher Education. (2017), Information Management System, Student Figures Based on Nationality 2017-2018 Academic Year, https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr/ (Accessed 18.07.2019).
• Council of Higher Education decision dated 18/06/2014, 09/07/2014, 06/06/2018, https://www.yok.gov.tr/ogrenci/ek-madde-2-uyarinca-misir-ve-suriyeden-yapilabilecek-yatay-gecis-islemlerine-iliskin-esaslar (Accessed 26.12.2019).
• Council of Higher Education decision dated 18/06/2014, 09/07/2014, 06/06/2018, https://www.yok.gov.tr/ogrenci/ek-madde-2-uyarinca-misir-ve-suriyeden-yapilabilecek-yatay-gecis-islemlerine-iliskin-esaslar (Accessed 26.12.2019).
• Council of Higher Education. (2013), Regulation on Principles of Transfer between Associate and Undergraduate Degree Programs of Higher Education Institutions, Double Major, Minor, and Credit Transfers between Institutions, https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/Metin.Aspx?MevzuatKod=7.5.13948&MevzuatIliski=0&sourceXmlSearch=Y%C3%BCksek%C3%B6%C4%9Fretim%20Kurumlar%C4%B1nda%20%C3%96nlisans%20ve%20Lisans%20D%C3%BCzeyindeki%20Programlar%20Aras%C4%B1nda%20Ge%C3%A7i%C5%9F%2c (Accessed 26.12.2019).
• Council of Higher Education. (2013), Regulation on Principles of Transfer between Associate and Undergraduate Degree Programs of Higher Education Institutions, Double Major, Minor, and Credit Transfers between Institutions, https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/Metin.Aspx?MevzuatKod=7.5.13948&MevzuatIliski=0&sourceXmlSearch=Y%C3%BCksek%C3%B6%C4%9Fretim%20Kurumlar%C4%B1nda%20%C3%96nlisans%20ve%20Lisans%20D%C3%BCzeyindeki%20Programlar%20Aras%C4%B1nda%20Ge%C3%A7i%C5%9F%2c (Accessed 26.12.2019).
• Council of Higher Education (2018), “Principles for Admission of International Students”, http://www.yok.gov.tr/documents/10279/40914149/2018_Yurtdisindan_ Ogrenci_Kabulune_Iliskin_Esaslar.pdf (Accessed 26.12.2019).
• Council of Higher Education (2018), “Principles for Admission of International Students”, http://www.yok.gov.tr/documents/10279/40914149/2018_Yurtdisindan_ Ogrenci_Kabulune_Iliskin_Esaslar.pdf (Accessed 26.12.2019).
• Council of Higher Education (30 June 2017), Yükseköğretimde Uluslararasılaşma Strateji Belgesi 2018-2022 [Stragey Paper on the Internationalization of Higher Education 2018-2022],https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/AnaSayfa/Yuksekogretimde_Uluslararasilasma_Strateji_Belgesi_2018_2022.pdf, (Accessed 28 October 2019).
• Council of Higher Education (30 June 2017), Yükseköğretimde Uluslararasılaşma Strateji Belgesi 2018-2022 [Stragey Paper on the Internationalization of Higher Education 2018-2022],https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/AnaSayfa/Yuksekogretimde_Uluslararasilasma_Strateji_Belgesi_2018_2022.pdf, (Accessed 28 October 2019).
• “Çavuşoğlu: Geri Kabul Anlaşması’nı Askıya Aldık [Cavusoglu: We’ve Suspended the Readmission Agreement]”, (22 July 2019), Deutsche Welle, https://www.dw.com/tr/C3A7avuC59FoC49Flu-geri-kabul-anlaC59FmasC4B1nC4B1-askC4B1ya-aldC4B1k/a-49699277 (Accessed 27.12.2019).
• “Çavuşoğlu: Geri Kabul Anlaşması’nı Askıya Aldık [Cavusoglu: We’ve Suspended the Readmission Agreement]”, (22 July 2019), Deutsche Welle, https://www.dw.com/tr/C3A7avuC59FoC49Flu-geri-kabul-anlaC59FmasC4B1nC4B1-askC4B1ya-aldC4B1k/a-49699277 (Accessed 27.12.2019).
• EKŞİ, N. (2016), “Readmission Agreement Between the European Union and Turkey: A Chain of Mistakes” in International Community and Refugees: Responsibilities, Possibilities, Human Rights and Violations, Amnesty International Turkey Publications, İstanbul, 143-183.
• EKŞİ, N. (2016), “Readmission Agreement Between the European Union and Turkey: A Chain of Mistakes” in International Community and Refugees: Responsibilities, Possibilities, Human Rights and Violations, Amnesty International Turkey Publications, İstanbul, 143-183.
• Erdoğan, M. M. (2014), Syrians in Turkey: Social Acceptance and Integration Research, Ankara: HUGO Yayınları, http://fs.hacettepe.edu.tr/hugo/dosyalar/TurkiyedekiSuriyeliler-Syrians%20in%20Turkey-Rapor-TR-EN-19022015.pdf (Accessed 28 October 2019).
• Erdoğan, M. M. (2014), Syrians in Turkey: Social Acceptance and Integration Research, Ankara: HUGO Yayınları, http://fs.hacettepe.edu.tr/hugo/dosyalar/TurkiyedekiSuriyeliler-Syrians%20in%20Turkey-Rapor-TR-EN-19022015.pdf (Accessed 28 October 2019).
• ERDOĞAN, A. and ERDOĞAN, M. M. (2018), Access, Qualifications and Social Dimension of Syrian Refugee Students in Turkish Higher Education. In A. Curaj et al (eds.) European Higher Education Area: The Impact of Past and Future Policies, Switzerland: Springer, 259-276.
• ERDOĞAN, A. and ERDOĞAN, M. M. (2018), Access, Qualifications and Social Dimension of Syrian Refugee Students in Turkish Higher Education. In A. Curaj et al (eds.) European Higher Education Area: The Impact of Past and Future Policies, Switzerland: Springer, 259-276.
• European Commission (March 2019), EU-Turkey Statement Three years on https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/policies/european-agenda-migration/20190318_eu-turkey-three-years-on_en.pdf.
• European Commission (March 2019), EU-Turkey Statement Three years on https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/policies/european-agenda-migration/20190318_eu-turkey-three-years-on_en.pdf.
• European Commission (2018), European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement, Syria, https://ec.europa.eu/neighbourhood-enlargement/neighbourhood/countries/syria_en (Accessed 27.12.2019).
• European Commission (2018), European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement, Syria, https://ec.europa.eu/neighbourhood-enlargement/neighbourhood/countries/syria_en (Accessed 27.12.2019).
• HOHBERGER, W. (2017), Çalıştay Raporu: Suriyelilerin Türkiye’deki Yükseköğretim Sistemine Entegrasyonu, İstanbul Politikalar Merkezi-Sabancı Üniversitesi-Stiftung Mercator Girişimi, 1-18.
• HOHBERGER, W. (2017), Çalıştay Raporu: Suriyelilerin Türkiye’deki Yükseköğretim Sistemine Entegrasyonu, İstanbul Politikalar Merkezi-Sabancı Üniversitesi-Stiftung Mercator Girişimi, 1-18.
• KİRİŞÇİ, K. (2014), “Syrian Refugees and Turkey’s Challenges: Going beyond Hospitality”, Brookings Institute Report, https://www.brookings.edu/research/syrian-refugees-and-turkeys-challengesgoing-beyond-hospitality/ (Accessed 18.10.2019).
• KİRİŞÇİ, K. (2014), “Syrian Refugees and Turkey’s Challenges: Going beyond Hospitality”, Brookings Institute Report, https://www.brookings.edu/research/syrian-refugees-and-turkeys-challengesgoing-beyond-hospitality/ (Accessed 18.10.2019).
• Mülteciler Association, Number of Syrians in Turkey (Türkiye’deki Suriyeli Sayısı), 9 October 2019. Available at: https://multeciler.org.tr/turkiyedeki-suriyeli-sayisi/ (Accessed 17.10.2019).
• Mülteciler Association, Number of Syrians in Turkey (Türkiye’deki Suriyeli Sayısı), 9 October 2019. Available at: https://multeciler.org.tr/turkiyedeki-suriyeli-sayisi/ (Accessed 17.10.2019).
• RYGIEL, K., BABAN, F. and ILCAN, S. (2016), “The Syrian Refugee Crisis: The EU-Turkey ‘Deal’ and Temporary Protection”, Global Social Policy 16 (3), 315-316.
• RYGIEL, K., BABAN, F. and ILCAN, S. (2016), “The Syrian Refugee Crisis: The EU-Turkey ‘Deal’ and Temporary Protection”, Global Social Policy 16 (3), 315-316.
• SEEBERG, P. (2015), “The EU and the Syrian Crisis: The Use of Sanctions and the Regime's Strategy for Survival”, Mediterranean Politics 20 (1): 18-35.
• SEEBERG, P. (2015), “The EU and the Syrian Crisis: The Use of Sanctions and the Regime's Strategy for Survival”, Mediterranean Politics 20 (1): 18-35.
• SİVİŞ, S. and YILDIZ, A. (2019), “Syrian Refugees’ Engagement in the Local Labour Market in İzmir, Turkey: Perspectives of Employers and Evidence-Based Policy Recommendations”, Yaşar University UNESCO Chair on International Migration Policy Brief.
• SİVİŞ, S. and YILDIZ, A. (2019), “Syrian Refugees’ Engagement in the Local Labour Market in İzmir, Turkey: Perspectives of Employers and Evidence-Based Policy Recommendations”, Yaşar University UNESCO Chair on International Migration Policy Brief.
• ŞİMŞEK, A. Germany: EU-Turkey Refugee Deal is a Success, 6 September 2019, Anadolu Agency,https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/germany-eu-turkey-refugee-deal-is-a-success/1574914 (Accessed 18.10.2019).
• ŞİMŞEK, A. Germany: EU-Turkey Refugee Deal is a Success, 6 September 2019, Anadolu Agency,https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/germany-eu-turkey-refugee-deal-is-a-success/1574914 (Accessed 18.10.2019).
• “Turkey Suspends Deal with the EU on Migrant Readmission”, 24 July 2019, Euractiv, https://www.euractiv.com/section/global-europe/news/turkey-suspends-deal-with-the-eu-on-migrant-readmission/(Accessed 18.10.2019).
• “Turkey Suspends Deal with the EU on Migrant Readmission”, 24 July 2019, Euractiv, https://www.euractiv.com/section/global-europe/news/turkey-suspends-deal-with-the-eu-on-migrant-readmission/(Accessed 18.10.2019).
• Turkish Ministry of Interior, Directorate General of Migration Management (DGMM), 10 October 2019, https://www.goc.gov.tr/gecici-koruma5638 (Accessed 17.10.2019).
• Turkish Ministry of Interior, Directorate General of Migration Management (DGMM), 10 October 2019, https://www.goc.gov.tr/gecici-koruma5638 (Accessed 17.10.2019).
• Turkish Ministry of Interior, Directorate General of Migration Management (DGMM), 23 December 2019, International Students and Academics Social Adaptation Meeting, İzmir.
• Turkish Ministry of Interior, Directorate General of Migration Management (DGMM), 23 December 2019, International Students and Academics Social Adaptation Meeting, İzmir.
• Turkish Ministry of Interior, Directorate General of Migration Management (DGMM), (2018), Adaptation Strategy Document and National Action Plan 2018-2023 (Uyum Strateji Belgesi ve Ulusal Eylem Planı).
• Turkish Ministry of Interior, Directorate General of Migration Management (DGMM), (2018), Adaptation Strategy Document and National Action Plan 2018-2023 (Uyum Strateji Belgesi ve Ulusal Eylem Planı).
• TURKMANI, R. and HAID, M. (2016), The Role of the EU in the Syrian Conflict, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Security in Transition SIT/WP/05/16, https://www.fes-europe.eu/fileadmin/public/editorfiles/events/Maerz_2016/FES_LSE_Syria_Turkmani_Haid_2016_02_23.pdf (Accessed 17.10.2019).
• TURKMANI, R. and HAID, M. (2016), The Role of the EU in the Syrian Conflict, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Security in Transition SIT/WP/05/16, https://www.fes-europe.eu/fileadmin/public/editorfiles/events/Maerz_2016/FES_LSE_Syria_Turkmani_Haid_2016_02_23.pdf (Accessed 17.10.2019).
• YILDIZ, A. (ed.). (2019a), Integration of Refugee Students in European Higher Education Comparative Country Cases, Yaşar University Publications, İzmir.
• YILDIZ, A. (ed.). (2019a), Integration of Refugee Students in European Higher Education Comparative Country Cases, Yaşar University Publications, İzmir.
• YILDIZ, A. (2019b), Suriye Uyruklu Öğrencilerin Türkiye’de Yükseköğretime Katılımları, Yaşar Üniversitesi Yayınları, İzmir.
• YILDIZ, A. (2019b), Suriye Uyruklu Öğrencilerin Türkiye’de Yükseköğretime Katılımları, Yaşar Üniversitesi Yayınları, İzmir.
• YILDIZ, A. and UZGÖREN, E. (2016), “Limits to Temporary Protection: Non-Camp Syrian Refugees in İzmir, Turkey”, Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 16(2), 195-211.
• YILDIZ, A. and UZGÖREN, E. (2016), “Limits to Temporary Protection: Non-Camp Syrian Refugees in İzmir, Turkey”, Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 16(2), 195-211.