Çin ve 21. Yüzyıl Yeni Dünya Düzeninin Alternatif Tılsımları: Çin, Batı Kökenli Olmayan ‎Yumuşak Güç Modelini Nasıl Yeniden Şekillendiriyor?‎

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 33 - 50, 30.06.2022

Md Nazmul Islam

Abstract

Yumuşak güç, zorlama olmadan elde edilebilen çekim gücüne dayalı modeldir. Yumuşak ‎güç ‎stratejisi geçmişte liberal hegemonik politika yaklaşımı olarak rasyonel olarak ‎kullanılmakla ‎birlikte, son yirmi yılda batının liberal çehresi değişmiştir. Çin ise bu zaman ‎diliminde ‎uluslararası sahada meydan okuyucu tavırlar sergilemeye başlamıştır. Bu ‎çerçevede hâlihazırda ‎Çin, Batı tarzı uluslararası ilişkiler modelinde, batının üstünlüğünü ‎aşmak üzere yumuşak güç ‎modelini kullanmaktadır. Bu durumda Çin, uluslararası ilişkiler, ‎gümrük hizmetleri ve ‎uluslararası hukukla ilgili politikalarını modernize etmek için ‎‎“işbirliği politikasını” ön plana ‎çıkarmıştır. Çin kendini “güçlü” bir devlet yapmak üzere, ‎‎“barbarları, barbarları kontrol etmek ‎için kullanın” sloganıyla modernleşme için kademeli ‎olarak dış ilişkilerinde yumuşak gücü ‎uygulamayı hedeflemiştir. Ancak, Çin'in yumuşak güç ‎modeli yeni dünya düzenini ‎şekillendirmesinde kendine has stratejileri içermektedir. Bu ‎makale, literatür ve politika ‎yapıcıları tarafından Çin'in yumuşak güç kavramını nasıl ‎ayrıştığını, batı tarzı yumuşak güç ‎kavramının nasıl sınırlara sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaya ‎çalışmaktadır.‎ Sonuç olarak bu ‎makale, Çin'in Batı ile karşılaştırıldığında güç kavramını ‎tanımlamak için yeni bir paradigmaya ‎sahip olup olmadığını incelemektedir.‎

Keywords

Yeni Dünya Düzeni, Batı Kökenli Olmayan Yumuşak Güç Modeli, Çin'in yumuşak ‎gücü, Çin

China and the Alternative Charms of 21st Century’s New World Order: How China is ‎Reshaping their Non-Western Model of ‎Soft Power

Abstract

Soft power is the frame of attraction that can be achieved without force. The strategy of soft ‎power mainly proliferated and rationally employed by the west as a policy approach of their ‎liberal hegemonic face. Though since the last two decades, the west’s liberal faces are declining ‎and the new challenging appearances are coming from the east, especially from China. China ‎was used to ‎follow the methods of the western style of international relations to overcome their ‎superiority. In ‎that case, China was used to highlight the “cooperative policy” to modernize ‎their policy ‎related to international relations, custom service, and international law. To make ‎China as ‎‎“powerful” nation, they aimed to introduce the Chinese version of foreign relations ‎and soft ‎power model where “use barbarians to control barbarians” was a gradual process into ‎the progression ‎of modernization. However, the query is which Chinese model of soft power ‎will introduce China’s strategies in shaping the future new world order. This paper seeks to find ‎out whether and how scholars and policymakers ‎distinguish China’s soft power concept and ‎how soft power has been framed in the ‎literature and academia of China apart from the concept ‎of western soft power. Finally, this study assesses whether China ‎shows a new paradigm to ‎identify the power concept in comparison with its frontiers of the West. ‎

Keywords

New World Order, Non-Western Model of Soft Power, Chinese Soft Power ‎, China

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