SAĞLIK İŞLETMELERİNDE ENDÜSTRİ 4.0 KAPSAMINDA ÖRGÜTSEL DEĞİŞİM ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 89 - 112, 31.12.2022

Ali Güven , İzzet Kılınç

Öz

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, endüstri 4.0 teknolojilerinin sağlık işletmelerinde örgütsel değişimi nasıl etkileyeceğini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada sistematik gömülü teori deseninden faydalanılmıştır. Kuramsal örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenen örneklem çerçevesinde Doğu Marmara bölgesinde bulunan 27 özel sağlık işletmesi ziyaret edilerek, üst düzey sağlık yöneticileriyle yapılan 32 görüşme analiz edilmiştir. Veri toplama yöntemi olarak yüz yüze derinlemesine yapılandırılmamış görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler sistematik gömülü teori metodolojisine uygun olarak sırasıyla açık kodlama, eksen kodlama ve seçici kodlama yöntemleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda elde edilen 88 kodun 10 kategori altında toplandığı ve bu kategorilerin 5 temel temayı oluşturduğu ortaya konmuştur. Elde edilen temalar arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde endüstri 4.0 teknolojilerinin özel sağlık işletmelerinde dijital dönüşüm ve esnek örgüt yapılarını beraberinde getirdiği, bu iki durumun teknolojik olumsuzluklarla birlikte sağlık hizmetleri sunumunda bir takım değişimlere neden olduğu, bu değişimlerin sağlık hizmetlerini, sunulan hizmetin kalitesi ve yeni pazarların ortaya çıkması boyutlarıyla geliştirdiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Endüstri 4.0, Örgütsel Değişim, Özel Sağlık İşletmeleri, Gömülü Teori

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu çalışma, Prof. Dr. İzzet KILINÇ danışmanlığında Düzce Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü’nde Ali GÜVEN tarafından hazırlanan “Sağlık İşletmelerinde Endüstri 4.0 Kapsamında Örgütsel Değişim Üzerine Bir Araştırma” isimli doktora tezinden üretilmiştir.

A Research On Organızatıonal Change In Health Care Busıness In The Context Of Industry 4.0

Öz

The main purpose of this research is to understand how industry 4.0 technologies will affect organizational change in healthcare enterprises. Systematic grounded theory pattern was used in the research. Within the framework of the sampling determined using the theoretical sampling method, 27 private health care establishments in the East Marmara region were visited and 32 interviews with senior health managers were analyzed. In-depth unstructured interview technique was used as the data collection method. The collected data were analyzed by open coding, axis coding and selective coding methods, respectively, in accordance with the systematic grounded theory methodology. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that 88 codes obtained were grouped under 10 categories and these categories constituted 5 basic themes. When the relationship between the themes obtained is examined, it is seen that industry 4.0 technologies bring digital transformation and flexible organizational structures in private healthcare enterprises, these two situations with technological negativities cause a number of changes in the provision of health services and these changes are seems to improve healthcare services with the dimensions of quality of the service provided and the emergence of new markets.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Industry 4.0, Organizational Change, Private Health Enterprises, Grounded Theory

Kaynakça

• Aceto, G., Persico, V., Pescapé, A. (2018). The role of Information and Communication Technologies in healthcare: taxonomies, perspectives, and challenges. Journal of Network and Computer Applications,(107), 125-154.
• Barney, J.: 1991, ‘Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage’, The Journal of Management 17, 99– 120.
• Bartevyan, L. (2015). Industry 4.0–Summary report. DLG-Expert report, 5(2015), 1-8.
• Bartodziej, C. J. (2017). The concept industry 4.0. In The concept industry 4.0 , Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden. Pp: 27-50.
• BDO -Binder, Dijker, and Otte (2016). Industry 4.0 Report, BDO LLP Puplication, United Kingdom, (Erişim: https://www.bdo.co.uk/engb/insights/industries/manufacturing/industry-4-0-report)
• Beer, M., Walton, E. (1990). Developing the competitive organization: Interventions and strategies. American Psychologist, 45(2), 154. Brink, P. J. (1991). Issues of reliability and validity. Qualitative nursing research: A contemporary dialogue, 164-186.
• Cannon-Diehl, M. R. (2009). Simulation in healthcare and nursing: State of the science. Critical care nursing quarterly, 32(2), 128-136.
• Cavallone, M., Palumbo, R. (2020). Debunking the myth of industry 4.0 in health care: insights from a systematic literature review. The TQM Journal, pp: 849-868.
• Creswell, J.W. (2016). Araştırma Deseni: Nitel, Nicel Ve Karma Yöntem Yaklaşımları, (Çeviri Editörü: Selçuk Beşir Demir), 2. Baskı, Ankara: Eğiten Kitap Yayıncılık.
• Davenport, T. H., Glover, W. J. (2018). Artificial intelligence and the augmentation of health care decision-making. NEJM Catalyst, 4(3).
• Deloitte (2018). The Fourth Industrial Revolution is Here—Are You Ready?, Deloitte Insights Reports, (Erişim: https://www2.deloitte.com/cn/en/pages/consumerindustrial-products/articles/industry-4-0-technology-manufacturing-revolution.html)
• Denning, S., 2005.'Transformational innovation: A journey by narrative'. Strategy and Leadership, 33(3), pp.11-16.
• Denzin, N. K., Lincoln, Y. S. (2002). The qualitative inquiry reader. Sage.pp: 327-347
• Erboz, G. (2017). How to Define Industry 4.0: The Main Pillars of Industry 4.0. , ResearchGate Conferance Papers, pp: 761-767.
• Fang, L., Chen, T., Li, R., Liu, S. (2016). Application of embedded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors in monitoring health to 3D printing structures. IEEE Sensors Journal, 16(17), 6604-6610.
• Fantoni, G., Chiarello, F., Fareri, S., Pira, S., Guadagni, A. (2018). Defining industry 4.0 professional archetypes: a data-driven approach. Economy, employment and skills: European, regional and global perspectives in an age of uncertainty, 75. (Erişim: http://www.bollettinoadapt.it/wpcontent/uploads/2018/09/q61_x_web.pdf#page=76)
• Golafshani, N. (2003). Understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research. The qualitative report, 8(4), 597-607.
• Gordon, R., Perlman, M., Shukla, M. (2017). The hospital of the future how digital technologies can change hospitals globally, Deloitte, pp: 4-26.
• Grangel-González, I., Halilaj, L., Coskun, G., Auer, S., Collarana, D., Hoffmeister, M. (2016). Towards a semantic administrative shell for industry 4.0 components. In 2016 IEEE Tenth International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC) (pp. 230-237). IEEE.
• GrowthEnabler (2017). Market Pulse Report, Internet of Things (IoT), (Erişim: https://growthenabler.com/flipbook/pdf/IOT%20Report.pdf)
• Harned, Z., Lungren, M. P., & Rajpurkar, P. (2019). Machine vision, medical AI, and malpractice, Harv. JL & Tech. Dig.(2019).
• Hermann, M., Pentek, T., Otto, B. (2016). Design principles for industrie 4.0 scenarios. In 2016 49th Hawaii international conference on system sciences (HICSS) (pp. 3928-3937). IEEE.
• Jacobs, G., Van Witteloostuijn, A., Christe‐Zeyse, J. (2013). A theoretical framework of organizational change. Journal of organizational change management.
• Javaid, M., Haleem, A. (2019). Industry 4.0 applications in medical field: a brief review. Current Medicine Research and Practice.
• Jazdi, N. (2014). Cyber physical systems in the context of Industry 4.0. In 2014 IEEE international conference on automation, quality and testing, robotics (pp. 1-4). IEEE Jones, G.R. (2017). Örgüt Kuramı, Örgüt Tasarımı Ve Örgütsel Değişim, Ankara, Gazi Kitapevi, 372-378.
• Khor, W. S., Baker, B., Amin, K., Chan, A., Patel, K., Wong, J. (2016). Augmented and virtual reality in surgery—the digital surgical environment: applications, limitations and legal pitfalls. Annals of translational medicine, 4(23).
• Kılınç, İ.,Unal, A. (2019). Yeni Gözde Yapay Zekâ: Yapay Zekânın İş Dünyasına Etkileri, Çağdaş Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 238-258.
• Lasi, H., Fettke, P., Kemper, H. G., Feld, T., Hoffmann, M. (2014). Industry 4.0. Business & information systems engineering, 6(4), pp: 239-242.
• Lee, E. A. (2006). Cyber-physical systems-are computing foundations adequate. In Position paper for NSF workshop on cyber-physical systems: research motivation, techniques and roadmap (2) pp. 1-9.
• Liao, Y., Deschamps, F., Loures, E. D. F. R., Ramos, L. F. P. (2017). Past, present and future of Industry 4.0-a systematic literature review and research agenda proposal. International journal of production research, 55(12), pp: 3609-3629.
• Lincoln, Y. S., Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA.
• Locke, K. D. (2001). Grounded theory in management research, SAGE Publications.
• Malik, H.H., Darwood, A.R., Shaunak, S., Kulatilake, P., El-Hilly, A.A., Mulki, O.,Baskaradas, A., (2015). Three-dimensional printing in surgery: a review of currentsurgical applications. J. Surg. Res. 199 (2), 512–522.
• Morse, J. M. (2016). Mixed method design: Principles and procedures. New York: Routledge.
• Pereira, A. C., Romero, F. (2017). A review of the meanings and the implications of the Industry 4.0 concept.Procedia Manufacturing,13, 1206-1214.
• PwC (2016). Industry 4.0: Building The Digital Enterprise, (Erişim: https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/industries/industries-4.0/landing-page/industry-4.0- building-your-digital-enterprise-april-2016.pdf)
• Research and Markets (2017). Industry 4.0 Market by Technology, Vertical, Region - Global Forecast to 2022, ID: 4267679, (Erişim: https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/4267679/industry-4-0-market-bytechnology-vertical)
• Roblek, V., Meško, M., Krapež, A. (2016). A complex view of industry 4.0. Sage Open, 6(2), 2158244016653987.
• Rojko, A. (2017). Industry 4.0 concept: background and overview. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM), 11(5), 77-90.
• Rüßmann, M., Lorenz, M., Gerbert, P., Waldner, M., Justus, J., Engel, P., Harnisch, M. (2015). Industry 4.0: The future of productivity and growth in manufacturing industries. Boston Consulting Group, 9(1), 54-89.
• Shenton, A. K. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Education for information, 22(2), 63-75.
• Shrouf, F., J. Ordieres, and G. Miragliotta. (2014). Smart Factories in Industry 4.0: A Review of the Concept and of Energy Management Approached in Production Based on the Internet of Things Paradigm, In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, pp: 697-701. Selangor: IEEE
• Strauss, A., Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research. Sage publications.
• Tjahjono, B., Esplugues, C., Ares, E., Pelaez, G. (2017). What does industry 4.0 mean to supply chain?. Procedia Manufacturing, 13, 1175-1182.
• Unıted Natıons Conference on Trade and Development – UNCTAD. (2021). Technology and Innovatıon Report 2021, Catching Technological Waves Innovation With Equity, United Nations, New York, USA.
• Ünal, A., Kılınç, İ.(2020). Yapay Zekâ İşletme Yönetimi İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme, Yönetim Bilişim Sistemleri Dergisi, 6(1), 51-78.
• Vaidya, S., Ambad, P., Bhosle, S. (2018). Industry 4.0–a glimpse. Procedia Manufacturing, 20, pp: 233-238.
• Vaidya, S., Ambad, P., Bhosle, S. (2018). Industry 4.0–a glimpse. Procedia Manufacturing, 20, pp: 233-238.
• Wang, L., Törngren, M., Onori, M. (2015). Current status and advancement of cyber-physical systems in manufacturing. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 37, pp: 517-527.
• Word Economic Form (2018). The Future of Jobs Report 2018, Insight Report, Centre for the New Economy and Society, Geneva / Switzerland.
• Yıldırım, A., Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Arşatırma Yöntemleri. 10. Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları.
• Yuehong, Y. I. N., Zeng, Y., Chen, X., Fan, Y. (2016). The internet of things in healthcare: An overview. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 1, 3- 13.
• Zhou, K., Liu, T., Zhou, L. (2015). Industry 4.0: Towards future industrial opportunities and challenges. In 2015 12th International conference on fuzzy systems and knowledge discovery (FSKD), IEEE, pp: 2147-2152.