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Impact of gender on the online purchasing frequency: insights from Tizi-Ouzou in Algeria

Year 2025, , 158 - 167, 24.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.70101/ussmad.1631230

Abstract

This paper attempts to highlight the effect of gender of e-shoppers on their purchase frequency in Tizi-Ouzou city (Algeria). This study was conducted on a sample composed of 155 participants through an online survey between July 20th, 2023 and January 25th, 2024, Independent samples t test and Matt Whitney U test were used through SPSS V26 software.

The results demonstrated that the assumption of homogeneity of variances isn’t met (LEVENE’s test: 0.011). Therefore, it was needed to explore Matt Whitney U which indicated that significant differences are found between men and women regarding this issue (Sig: 0.019).

References

  • Ahsan-ul Haque Shaikh. Hashem Ali Almashaqbeh. Ali Raza.Hina Shaikh & Sadaf Gul. (2022.). Impact of Competitive Differentiation, Risk & Environment Risk on Supply Chain Risk Management of Cargo Companies in Berlin Germany. IBT Journal of Business Studies (IBT-JBS)., 18(02), pp160-177.
  • AL-Dwairi, R. M. & Kamala, M. A. (2009). An Integrated Trust Model for Business-toConsumer (B2C) E-Commerce: Integrating Trust with the Technology Acceptance Model. International Conference on CyberWorlds, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK, 7-11 September 2009., (pp. pp 351-356.DOI:10.1109/CW.2009.34.).
  • Al-dweeri Rami Mohammad, Obeidat, Z. M., Al-dwiry Mohammad Ahmad, Alshurideh, M. T.,& Alhorani, A. M. (2017). The Impact of E-Service Quality and E-Loyalty on Online Shopping: Moderating Effect of E-Satisfaction and E-Trust. International Journal of Marketing Studies,, 9(2), doi:10.5539/ijms.v9n2p9210.5539.
  • Ali Khan, M., Sohaib Zubair, S., & Malik, M. (2019). An assessment of e-service quality, e-satisfaction and e-loyalty. Case of online shopping in Pakistan. South Asian Journal of Business Studies., 08(03), pp283-302.DOI 10.1108/SAJBS-01-2019-0016.
  • Al-Khateeb, Bilal Ahmad Ali, et al. (2023). The Impact of Attitude Towards Online Shopping in Strengthening the Relationship Between Online Shopping Experience and E-Customer Engagement. (I. Global., Ed.) International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management., 14(01), pp 1-25. DOI: 10.4018/IJCRMM.327869.
  • Al-Khayyal, A., Alshurideh, M., Al Kurdi, B., & Aburayya, A. (2020). The impact of electronic service quality dimensions on customers' e-shopping and e-loyalty via the impact of e-satisfaction and e-trust:. A qualitative approach. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change,, 14(9), 257-281.
  • Bajpai, N. (2013). Business Statistics. PEARSON Education Inc.
  • Bashar, A. & WASIQ, M. (2013, January-March.). E-satisfaction and E-loyalty of Consumers Shopping Online. Global Sci-Tech,, 5(1), pp6-19.
  • Bauer. Raymond A. (1967). “Consumer Behavior as Risk Taking,” In Donald F. Cox (eds.), Risk Taking and Information Handling in Consumer Behavior. Boston, MA: Harvard University Press, 23-33.
  • Berenson, M., Levine, D., Szabat, K. A., & Krehbiel, T. C. (2012). Basic Business Statistics: Concepts and Applications. Pearson Higher Education AU.
  • Boboc, P. C. (2020). VAT and E-Commerce. Current Legal Framework and the 2021 Changes. Cluj Tax Forum Journal,, 6, 39-56.
  • Bouberka, M., Fadel, S. & Derrar, H. . (2023). Digitalization and the Information Society in Algeria: Digital Transformation Actors and Key Variables. Econometrics, 27(02), 21-44. https://doi.org/10.15611/eada.
  • Boukhedimi, C. E. (2025). Examining the effect of demographic factors on electronic word of mouth:empirical Insights from Algerian online shoppers. Journal of Financial Studies, Vol. X • Special Issue, 9-20.
  • Boukhedimi, C. E., Ahmed, A., Ataş, M. F., & Barbakadze, T. (2023, March). Analysis of impact of demographic factors on the consumption of organic foods in green marketing perspective: an international survey-based study.Management and Entrepreneurship: Trends of Development. Management and Entrepreneurship: Trends of Development, 1(23), 71-83, https://doi.org/10.26661/2522-1566/2023-1/23-07.
  • Chang, H. J., K. Huang, and C. Wu. (2006). Determination of sample size in using central limit theorem for weibulldistribution. International Journal of Information and Management Sciences, 17(3), 153-174.
  • Cheung, C. M., & Thadani, D. R. (2012). The impact of electronic word-of-mouth communication: a literature analysis and integrative model. Decision Support Systems., 54(01), pp 461–470. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2012.06.008.
  • Chu., S.-C. (2021, 09 22). oxford bibliographies. Retrieved 11 04, 2023, from www.oxfordbibliographies.com: https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199756841/obo-9780199756841-0267.xml
  • Cyr, D., Hassanein, K., Head, M. And Ivanov, A. (2007). The role of social presence in establishing loyalty in e-service environments. Interacting with Computers., 19(01), pp 43-56. DOI: 10.1016/j.intcom.2006.07.010.
  • Deborah J. C. Brosdahl & Moudi Almousa. (2013). Risk perception and internet shopping: comparing United States and Saudi Arabian consumers. Journal of Management and Marketing Research., 1-17.
  • Deng, R., & Ritchie, B. W. (2018). International university students’ travel risk perceptions: an exploratory study. Current Issues in Tourism,, 21(4), .455-476.
  • Dowling. G R, & Staelin. R,. (1994). A Model of Perceived Risk and Intended Risk-handling Activity. Journal of Consumer Research,, 21(01), 119–134, https://doi.org/10.1086/209386.
  • East, R., Romaniuk, J., Chawdhary, R., & Uncles, M. (2017). The Impact of Word of Mouth on Intention to Purchase Currently Used and other Brands. . Brands. International Journal of Market Research., 59(03), pp 321–334.http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/IJMR-2017-026.
  • Elsherif. M. (2021). Applied Medical Statistics for Beginners. https://stats4drs.com/.
  • Flavián, C., Guinaliu, M., & Gurrea, R. (2006). The role played by perceived usability, satisfaction and consumer trust on website loyalty. Information and Management., 43(01), pp 1-14.
  • Forsythe, S.M. and Shi, B. (2003.). Consumer Patronage and Risk Perceptions in Internet Shopping. Journal of Business Research, , 56., pp867-875..
  • Gallego MD, Bueno S & Terreño JF. (2016). Motivations and barriers to set up e-commerce in Spain: A Delphi study. Estudios Gerenciales., 32(140), pp 221–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.estger.2016.08.002.
  • Ghane, S.., Fathian, M., & Gholamian, M. R. (2011). Full relationship among e-satisfaction, e-trust, e-service quality, and e-loyalty. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology., 33(01), pp 1-6.
  • Gummerus, J., Liljander, V., Pura, M., & Van Riel, A. (2004). Customer loyalty to content‐based Web sites: the case of an online health‐care service. Journal of services Marketing,, 18(3), 175-186.
  • Hanjun Ko et al. (2004). Cross-Cultural Differences in Perceived Risk of Online Shopping. Journal of Interactive Advertising., 04(02), 20-29.
  • Hennig-Thurau, T., Gwinner, K. P., Walsh, G., & Gremler, D. D. (2004). Electronic word-of-mouth via consumer-opinion platforms: What motivates consumers to articulate themselves on the Internet? Journal of Interactive Marketing., 18(01), pp38-52.http://DOI: 10.1002/dir.10073.
  • Hostler R.E., Yoon V.Y. and Guimaraes T. (2012). Recommendation Agent Impact on Consumer Online Shopping: The Movie Magic Case Study. Expert Systems with Applications,, 39, 2989-2999.
  • Hsu, J., and Hsu, C. (2008). The Relationships Between Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction in a Leading Chinese Web 2.0 Companies. The Business Review, Cambridge,, 11(01), pp84-89.
  • Huete-Alcocer, N. (2017). A Literature Review of Word of Mouth and Electronic Word of Mouth: Implications for Consumer Behavior. Frontiers in Psychology., 8, pp 1-4. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01256.
  • Iraten, S., Bouguedour, F., Bouchetara, M., Zerouti, M., & Mahmoudi, H. . (2022). Factors Determining the Adoption of Online Shopping by the Algerian Consumer, CASE: Jumia Company. Management and Economics Review., 07(01), pp 33-48.
  • Jarvenpaa, S. L. Tractinsky, N, and Michael Vitale. (1999). Consumer trust in an Internet store: a cross-cultural validation. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication., 05(01), 1-36.
  • Johnson, O. (2004). Information Theory and the Central Limit Theorem. London: Imperial College Press.
  • Kim, D & Ammeter, A.P. (2018). Shifts in Online Consumer Behavior: A Preliminary Investigation of the Net Generation. Journal of theorical and applied electronic commerce research., 13(01), 1-25.
  • Kothari, C. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Delhi.: New Age International.
  • Kráľ Š., Fedorko R., Štofejová L., Kizák M. (2022). An analytical view of consumers’ purchasing behaviour in terms of e-commerce during Covid-19. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 26(01), 140-156 DOI: 10.17512/pjms.2022.26.1.09.
  • Ladybird Y. Quiachon & Maybelle.A. Paulino. (2023). Analysis of Service Quality Dimensions: Towards a Student Satisfaction Model in the “New Normal. East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research., 02(07), pp 2749-2758.
  • Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H. & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust. Academy of Management Review., 20(03), pp. 709- 734.
  • Min Wei, W., Lee Yi, L., Mohd Johan, M., Md Zaki, N., & Zhucheng, S. (2023). Improving Customer Satisfaction in E-commerce: A Survey among Generation Z in Malaysia. . Jurnal Intelek., 18(01), pp 144-154.
  • MOULAY, Z, & . KHDIM.K,. (2020). Protection of Consumer in E-commerce Comparison Study between Algeria and European Legislations. The Algerian and Comparative Public Law Journal., 06(02), pp 08-28.
  • Nair, J., Wierman, A., & Zwart, B. (2022). The Fundamentals of Heavy Tails : Properties, Emergence, and Estimation. Cambridge University Press.
  • Nasution MDTP & Azmin AA. (2018). Consumer Acceptance of Trustworthy E- Commerce: An Extension of Technology Acceptance Model. Academy of Strategic Management Journal., 17(06), pp 1-13.
  • Oliver, R. (1997). Satisfaction: Behavioral Perspective on the Consumer. McGraw- Hill International Editions.
  • Omer Saleh Abu Hamideh, A.S.H. Yousif, Mohammad Salameh Alhmeidiyeen & Neda Saleh Alnsor. (2018). E-E-Loyalty in Marketing: Implications for E-Customer Focus.. International Journal of Business Economics and Management Research., 09(02), pp36-49.
  • Orly Carvache-Franco et al. (2022). The risks perceived by the consumer in the acceptance of electronic commerce. PLOS ONE,, 17(11), pp 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276853 .
  • Polya, G. (1920). Uber den Zentralen Grenzwertsatz der Wahrscheinlichkeit-Srechnung und das Momenten. Mathematische Zeitschrift,, 08., pp197-198.
  • Ram, H. S. G., &; Ravindran, D. S. R. (2016). Shopping Involvement in Online Shopping: An Exploratory Study. Srusti. Srusti Management Review, , 9(1), pp22-29.
  • Raza, S. A., Umer, A., Qureshi, M. A., & Dahri, A. S. (2020). Internet banking service quality, e-customer satisfaction and loyalty: the modified e-SERVQUAL model. The TQM Journal., 32(06), pp 1443-1466.
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Impact of gender on the online purchasing frequency: insights from Tizi-Ouzou in Algeria

Year 2025, , 158 - 167, 24.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.70101/ussmad.1631230

Abstract

This paper attempts to highlight the effect of gender of e-shoppers on their purchase frequency in Tizi-Ouzou city (Algeria). This study conducted on a sample composed of 155 participants through an online survey between July 20th, 2023 and January 25th, 2024, Independent samples t test and Matt Whitney U test were used through SPSS V26 software.

The results demonstrated that the assumption of homogeneity of variances isn’t met (LEVENE’s test: 0.011). Therefore, it was needed to explore Matt Whitney U which indicated that significant differences are found between men and women regarding this issue (Sig: 0.019).

References

  • Ahsan-ul Haque Shaikh. Hashem Ali Almashaqbeh. Ali Raza.Hina Shaikh & Sadaf Gul. (2022.). Impact of Competitive Differentiation, Risk & Environment Risk on Supply Chain Risk Management of Cargo Companies in Berlin Germany. IBT Journal of Business Studies (IBT-JBS)., 18(02), pp160-177.
  • AL-Dwairi, R. M. & Kamala, M. A. (2009). An Integrated Trust Model for Business-toConsumer (B2C) E-Commerce: Integrating Trust with the Technology Acceptance Model. International Conference on CyberWorlds, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK, 7-11 September 2009., (pp. pp 351-356.DOI:10.1109/CW.2009.34.).
  • Al-dweeri Rami Mohammad, Obeidat, Z. M., Al-dwiry Mohammad Ahmad, Alshurideh, M. T.,& Alhorani, A. M. (2017). The Impact of E-Service Quality and E-Loyalty on Online Shopping: Moderating Effect of E-Satisfaction and E-Trust. International Journal of Marketing Studies,, 9(2), doi:10.5539/ijms.v9n2p9210.5539.
  • Ali Khan, M., Sohaib Zubair, S., & Malik, M. (2019). An assessment of e-service quality, e-satisfaction and e-loyalty. Case of online shopping in Pakistan. South Asian Journal of Business Studies., 08(03), pp283-302.DOI 10.1108/SAJBS-01-2019-0016.
  • Al-Khateeb, Bilal Ahmad Ali, et al. (2023). The Impact of Attitude Towards Online Shopping in Strengthening the Relationship Between Online Shopping Experience and E-Customer Engagement. (I. Global., Ed.) International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management., 14(01), pp 1-25. DOI: 10.4018/IJCRMM.327869.
  • Al-Khayyal, A., Alshurideh, M., Al Kurdi, B., & Aburayya, A. (2020). The impact of electronic service quality dimensions on customers' e-shopping and e-loyalty via the impact of e-satisfaction and e-trust:. A qualitative approach. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change,, 14(9), 257-281.
  • Bajpai, N. (2013). Business Statistics. PEARSON Education Inc.
  • Bashar, A. & WASIQ, M. (2013, January-March.). E-satisfaction and E-loyalty of Consumers Shopping Online. Global Sci-Tech,, 5(1), pp6-19.
  • Bauer. Raymond A. (1967). “Consumer Behavior as Risk Taking,” In Donald F. Cox (eds.), Risk Taking and Information Handling in Consumer Behavior. Boston, MA: Harvard University Press, 23-33.
  • Berenson, M., Levine, D., Szabat, K. A., & Krehbiel, T. C. (2012). Basic Business Statistics: Concepts and Applications. Pearson Higher Education AU.
  • Boboc, P. C. (2020). VAT and E-Commerce. Current Legal Framework and the 2021 Changes. Cluj Tax Forum Journal,, 6, 39-56.
  • Bouberka, M., Fadel, S. & Derrar, H. . (2023). Digitalization and the Information Society in Algeria: Digital Transformation Actors and Key Variables. Econometrics, 27(02), 21-44. https://doi.org/10.15611/eada.
  • Boukhedimi, C. E. (2025). Examining the effect of demographic factors on electronic word of mouth:empirical Insights from Algerian online shoppers. Journal of Financial Studies, Vol. X • Special Issue, 9-20.
  • Boukhedimi, C. E., Ahmed, A., Ataş, M. F., & Barbakadze, T. (2023, March). Analysis of impact of demographic factors on the consumption of organic foods in green marketing perspective: an international survey-based study.Management and Entrepreneurship: Trends of Development. Management and Entrepreneurship: Trends of Development, 1(23), 71-83, https://doi.org/10.26661/2522-1566/2023-1/23-07.
  • Chang, H. J., K. Huang, and C. Wu. (2006). Determination of sample size in using central limit theorem for weibulldistribution. International Journal of Information and Management Sciences, 17(3), 153-174.
  • Cheung, C. M., & Thadani, D. R. (2012). The impact of electronic word-of-mouth communication: a literature analysis and integrative model. Decision Support Systems., 54(01), pp 461–470. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2012.06.008.
  • Chu., S.-C. (2021, 09 22). oxford bibliographies. Retrieved 11 04, 2023, from www.oxfordbibliographies.com: https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199756841/obo-9780199756841-0267.xml
  • Cyr, D., Hassanein, K., Head, M. And Ivanov, A. (2007). The role of social presence in establishing loyalty in e-service environments. Interacting with Computers., 19(01), pp 43-56. DOI: 10.1016/j.intcom.2006.07.010.
  • Deborah J. C. Brosdahl & Moudi Almousa. (2013). Risk perception and internet shopping: comparing United States and Saudi Arabian consumers. Journal of Management and Marketing Research., 1-17.
  • Deng, R., & Ritchie, B. W. (2018). International university students’ travel risk perceptions: an exploratory study. Current Issues in Tourism,, 21(4), .455-476.
  • Dowling. G R, & Staelin. R,. (1994). A Model of Perceived Risk and Intended Risk-handling Activity. Journal of Consumer Research,, 21(01), 119–134, https://doi.org/10.1086/209386.
  • East, R., Romaniuk, J., Chawdhary, R., & Uncles, M. (2017). The Impact of Word of Mouth on Intention to Purchase Currently Used and other Brands. . Brands. International Journal of Market Research., 59(03), pp 321–334.http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/IJMR-2017-026.
  • Elsherif. M. (2021). Applied Medical Statistics for Beginners. https://stats4drs.com/.
  • Flavián, C., Guinaliu, M., & Gurrea, R. (2006). The role played by perceived usability, satisfaction and consumer trust on website loyalty. Information and Management., 43(01), pp 1-14.
  • Forsythe, S.M. and Shi, B. (2003.). Consumer Patronage and Risk Perceptions in Internet Shopping. Journal of Business Research, , 56., pp867-875..
  • Gallego MD, Bueno S & Terreño JF. (2016). Motivations and barriers to set up e-commerce in Spain: A Delphi study. Estudios Gerenciales., 32(140), pp 221–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.estger.2016.08.002.
  • Ghane, S.., Fathian, M., & Gholamian, M. R. (2011). Full relationship among e-satisfaction, e-trust, e-service quality, and e-loyalty. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology., 33(01), pp 1-6.
  • Gummerus, J., Liljander, V., Pura, M., & Van Riel, A. (2004). Customer loyalty to content‐based Web sites: the case of an online health‐care service. Journal of services Marketing,, 18(3), 175-186.
  • Hanjun Ko et al. (2004). Cross-Cultural Differences in Perceived Risk of Online Shopping. Journal of Interactive Advertising., 04(02), 20-29.
  • Hennig-Thurau, T., Gwinner, K. P., Walsh, G., & Gremler, D. D. (2004). Electronic word-of-mouth via consumer-opinion platforms: What motivates consumers to articulate themselves on the Internet? Journal of Interactive Marketing., 18(01), pp38-52.http://DOI: 10.1002/dir.10073.
  • Hostler R.E., Yoon V.Y. and Guimaraes T. (2012). Recommendation Agent Impact on Consumer Online Shopping: The Movie Magic Case Study. Expert Systems with Applications,, 39, 2989-2999.
  • Hsu, J., and Hsu, C. (2008). The Relationships Between Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction in a Leading Chinese Web 2.0 Companies. The Business Review, Cambridge,, 11(01), pp84-89.
  • Huete-Alcocer, N. (2017). A Literature Review of Word of Mouth and Electronic Word of Mouth: Implications for Consumer Behavior. Frontiers in Psychology., 8, pp 1-4. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01256.
  • Iraten, S., Bouguedour, F., Bouchetara, M., Zerouti, M., & Mahmoudi, H. . (2022). Factors Determining the Adoption of Online Shopping by the Algerian Consumer, CASE: Jumia Company. Management and Economics Review., 07(01), pp 33-48.
  • Jarvenpaa, S. L. Tractinsky, N, and Michael Vitale. (1999). Consumer trust in an Internet store: a cross-cultural validation. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication., 05(01), 1-36.
  • Johnson, O. (2004). Information Theory and the Central Limit Theorem. London: Imperial College Press.
  • Kim, D & Ammeter, A.P. (2018). Shifts in Online Consumer Behavior: A Preliminary Investigation of the Net Generation. Journal of theorical and applied electronic commerce research., 13(01), 1-25.
  • Kothari, C. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Delhi.: New Age International.
  • Kráľ Š., Fedorko R., Štofejová L., Kizák M. (2022). An analytical view of consumers’ purchasing behaviour in terms of e-commerce during Covid-19. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 26(01), 140-156 DOI: 10.17512/pjms.2022.26.1.09.
  • Ladybird Y. Quiachon & Maybelle.A. Paulino. (2023). Analysis of Service Quality Dimensions: Towards a Student Satisfaction Model in the “New Normal. East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research., 02(07), pp 2749-2758.
  • Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H. & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust. Academy of Management Review., 20(03), pp. 709- 734.
  • Min Wei, W., Lee Yi, L., Mohd Johan, M., Md Zaki, N., & Zhucheng, S. (2023). Improving Customer Satisfaction in E-commerce: A Survey among Generation Z in Malaysia. . Jurnal Intelek., 18(01), pp 144-154.
  • MOULAY, Z, & . KHDIM.K,. (2020). Protection of Consumer in E-commerce Comparison Study between Algeria and European Legislations. The Algerian and Comparative Public Law Journal., 06(02), pp 08-28.
  • Nair, J., Wierman, A., & Zwart, B. (2022). The Fundamentals of Heavy Tails : Properties, Emergence, and Estimation. Cambridge University Press.
  • Nasution MDTP & Azmin AA. (2018). Consumer Acceptance of Trustworthy E- Commerce: An Extension of Technology Acceptance Model. Academy of Strategic Management Journal., 17(06), pp 1-13.
  • Oliver, R. (1997). Satisfaction: Behavioral Perspective on the Consumer. McGraw- Hill International Editions.
  • Omer Saleh Abu Hamideh, A.S.H. Yousif, Mohammad Salameh Alhmeidiyeen & Neda Saleh Alnsor. (2018). E-E-Loyalty in Marketing: Implications for E-Customer Focus.. International Journal of Business Economics and Management Research., 09(02), pp36-49.
  • Orly Carvache-Franco et al. (2022). The risks perceived by the consumer in the acceptance of electronic commerce. PLOS ONE,, 17(11), pp 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276853 .
  • Polya, G. (1920). Uber den Zentralen Grenzwertsatz der Wahrscheinlichkeit-Srechnung und das Momenten. Mathematische Zeitschrift,, 08., pp197-198.
  • Ram, H. S. G., &; Ravindran, D. S. R. (2016). Shopping Involvement in Online Shopping: An Exploratory Study. Srusti. Srusti Management Review, , 9(1), pp22-29.
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There are 70 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Business Systems in Context (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Chems Eddine Boukhedımı 0000-0003-1728-1809

Early Pub Date March 21, 2025
Publication Date March 24, 2025
Submission Date February 1, 2025
Acceptance Date March 13, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025

Cite

APA Boukhedımı, C. E. (2025). Impact of gender on the online purchasing frequency: insights from Tizi-Ouzou in Algeria. Uluslararası Sosyal Siyasal Ve Mali Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(1), 158-167. https://doi.org/10.70101/ussmad.1631230