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ETİLEN OKSİT, OTOKLAV VE ULTRA VİYOLE STERİLİZASYONLARIININ PET ELEKTROÇEKİM LİFLERİN YÜZEY TOPOGRAFİSİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2016, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 201 - 218, 03.11.2016

Sebnem Duzyer , Asli Hockenberger , Agah Uguz , Elif Evke Zeynep Kahveci

https://doi.org/10.17482/uujfe.04230
Cited By: 3

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı farklı sterilizasyon metodlarının elektroçekim polyester lifleri üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. PET lifleri; ağırlıkça %10,15 ve 20 oranında polietilen tereftalat (PET) içeren çözeltilerden elektroçekim yöntemiyle üretilmiş ve etilen oksit (EO), otoklav (AU) ve ultraviyole (UV) ile sterilize edilmiştir. Üretilen yüzeylerin yüzey karakterizasyonu taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), atomik kuvvet mikroskobu (AFM), yüzey gözeneklilik boyutu analizleri ve temas açısı ölçümleriyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yüzeylerin termal özellikleri Diferansiyel taramalı kalorimetre (DSC) testleri; mikro yapısal özellikleri Fourier Transform Infrared spektroskopisi (FTIR) ile araştırılmıştır. SEM çalışmaları farklı sterilizasyon yöntemlerinin, polimer konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak büyük değişikliklere neden olduğunu göstermiştir. Artan polimer konsantrasyonu ile yöntemlerin etkileri azalma gösterse de, lif yapısı -özellikle EO sterilizasyonunda oldukça zarar görmüştür. Temas açısı değerlerinde UV sterilizasyonu sonrası büyük düşüş görülmüştür.

Keywords

Elektroçekim lif Poliester; Sterilizasyon; Karakterizasyon

References

  • Badylak, S. F., Freytes, D. O., Gilbert, T.W. (2009). Extracellular matrix as a biological scaffold material: Structure and function Acta Biomaterialia, 5(1), 1-13.doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.09.013
  • Block, S. S. (2001). Disinfection, Sterilization and Preservation (Lippincott Williams, Wilkins, Philadelphia, USA. p. 695. ISBN:0-683-30740-1
  • Chen, Z., Hay, J. N., Jenkins, M. J., (2013). The Thermal Analysis of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) by FTIR spectroscopy, Thermochimica Acta, 552, 123-130. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2012.11.002
  • Cho, D. H., Yu, W. R., Youk, J. H., Yoo, J. H., (2007). Formation of Micro-Crystals in Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Fiber by A Short Heat Treatment and Their Influence on the Mechanical Properties, European Polymer Journal, 43(8), 3562-3572. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.05.036
  • Costa, L., Luda, M. P., Trossarelli, L., Brach del Prever, E. M., Crova M., Gallinaro P., (1998). Oxidation in Orthopaedic UHMWPE Sterilized by Gamma-Radiation and Ethylene Oxide, Biomaterials, 19(7-9), 659-668. doi:10.1016/S0142-9612(97)00160-9
  • Darmanin, T., Guittard, F., (2013). Wettability of Conducting Polymers: From Superhydrophilicity to Superoleophobicity, Progress in Polymer Science, 39, 656-682. doi: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.10.003
  • De Clerck, K., Rahier, H., Van Mele, B., Kiekens, P., (2003). Thermal Properties Relevant to the Processing of PET Fibers, J Appl Polym Sci, 89, 3840-3849. doi:10.1002/app.12543
  • Deitzel, J. M, Kleinmeyer, J., Harris, D., Tan, N. C. B., (2001). The Effect of Processing Variables on the Morphology of Electrospun Nanofibers and Textiles, Polymer, 42, 261-272. doi: 10.1007/s11595-012-0438-y
  • Dimitrievska, S., Petit, A., Doillon, C. J., Epure, L., Ajji, A., Yahia, L., Bureau, M. N., (2011). Effect of Sterilization on Non-Woven Polyethylene Terephthalate Fiber Structures for Vascular Grafts. Macromol Biosci, 11,13-21. doi: 10.1002/mabi.201000268
  • Doshi, J., Reneker D. H., (1993). Electrospinning Process and Application of Electrospun Fibers, J Electrostat, 35, 151-160. doi: 10.1109/IAS.1993.299067
  • Duzyer, S., Hockenberger, A., Zussman, E., (2011). Characterization of Solvent-Spun Polyester Nanofibers, J App Polym Sci, 120, 759-769. doi: 10.1002/app.33092
  • Fong, H., Chun, I., Reneker, D. H., (1999). Beaded Nanofibers Formed During Electrospinning, Polymer, 40, 4585-4592. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00068-3
  • Greenfeld, I., Zussman, E., (2013). Polymer Entanglement Loss in Extensional Flow: Evidence From Electrospun Short Nanofibers, J Polym Sci Part B:Polymer Physics, 51, 1377-1391. doi: 10.1002/polb.23345
  • Greiner, A., Wendorrf, J. H., (2007). Electrospinning: A Fascinating Method for the Preparation of Ultrathin Fibers, Angew Chem Int Ed, 46, 5670-5703. doi: 10.1002/anie.200604646
  • Hayashi, N., Guan, W., Tsutsui, S., Tomari, T., Hanada, Y., (2006). Sterilization of Medical Equipment Using Radicals Produced by Oxygen/Water Vapor RF Plasma, Jpn J Appl Phys, 45, 8358-8363. doi:10.1143/JJAP.45.8358
  • Heydarkhan-Hagvall, S., Schenke-Layland, K., Dhanasopon, A. P., Rofail, F., Smith, H., Wu, B. M., Shemin, R., Beygui, R E., MacLellan, W. R., (2008). Three-Dimensional electrospun ECM-based hybrid scaffolds for Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering , Biomaterials, 29, 2907 -2914. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.03.034
  • Holy, C. E., Cheng, C., Davies, J. E., Shoichet, M. S., (2000). Optimizing the Sterilization of PLGA Scaffolds for Use in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials, 22, 25-31. doi: 10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00136-8
  • Huang, Z. M., Zhang, Y. Z., Kotaki, M., Ramakrishna,. S., (2003). A Review on Polymer Nanofibers by Electrospinning and Their Applications in Nanocomposites, Composites Science and Technology, 63, 2223-2253. doi: 10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00178-7
  • Khansari, S., Duzyer, S., Sinha-Ray, S., Hockenberger, A., Yarin, A. L., Pourdeyhimi, B., (2013). Two-Stage Desorption-Controlled Release of Fluorescent Dye and Vitamin From Solution-Blown and Electrospun Nanofiber Mats Containing Porogens, Mol Pharm, 10 4509-4526. doi: 10.1021/mp4003442
  • Li, C., Vepari, C., Jina, H. J., Kima, H. J, Kaplan, D. L., (2006). Electrospun Silkbmp-2 Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Biomaterials, 27, 3115-3124. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.01.022
  • Lopes-da-Silva, J. A., Veleirinho, B., Delgadillo, I., (2009). Preparation and Characterization of Electrospun Mats Made of PET/Chitosan Hybrid Nanofibers. J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 9, 3798-3804. doi: https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2009.NS70
  • Marreco, P. R., Moreira, P., Genari, S. C., Moraes, A. M., (2004). Effects of Different Sterilization Methods on the Morphology, Mechanical Properties and Cytotoxicity of Chitosan Membranes Used as Wound Dressings. , J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater, 71, 268-277. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.30081
  • Mendes, G. C. C., Brandão, T. R. S., Silva, C. L. M., (2007). Etylene Oxide Sterilization of Medical Devices, American Journal of Infection Control, 35, 574-581. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2006.10.014
  • Nair, P. D., Sreenivasan K., (1984). Effect of Steam Sterilization on Polyethylene Terephthalate, Biomaterials, 5, 305-306. doi: 10.1016/0142-9612(84)90079-6
  • Nair, P.D., (1995). Currently Practised Sterilization Methods--Some inadvertent Consequences. J Biomater Appl, 10, 121-135. doi:10.1177/088532829501000203
  • Rai, R., Tallawi, M., Roether, J. A., Detsch, R., Barbani, N., Rosellini, E., Kaschta, J., Schubert, D. W., Boccaccini, A. R., (2013). Sterilization Effects on The Physical Properties and Cytotoxicity of Poly (Glycerol Sebacate), Materials Letters, 105, 32-35. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2013.04.024
  • Rutala, W. A., Weber, D. J., (2001). New Disinfection and Sterilization Methods, Emerg Infect Dis, 7, 348 –353. doi: 10.3201/eid0702.700348
  • Shenoy, S. L., Bates, W. D., Frisch, H. L., Wnek, G. E., (2005). Role of Chain Entanglements on Fiber Formation During Electrospinning of Polymer Solutions: Good Solvent, Non-Specific Polymer-Polymer İnteraction Limit, Polymer, 46, 3372-384. doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.03.011
  • Sill, T. J., Recum, H A, (2008). Electrospinning: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials, 29, 1989-2006. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.01.011
  • Tan, S. H., Inai, R., Kotaki, M., Ramakrishna, S., (2005). Systematic Parameter Study for Ultra-Fine Fiber Fabrication via Electrospinning Process, Polymer, 46, 6128-6134. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.05.068
  • Theron, S. A., Zussman, E., Yarin, A. L., (2004). Experimental Investigation of the Governing Parameters in The Electrospinning of Polymer Solutions, Polymer, 45, 2017-2030. doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.01.024
  • Thompson, C. J., Chase, G. G., Yarin, A. L., Reneker, D. H. (2007). Effects of Parameters on Nanofiber Diameter Determined from Electrospinning Model, Polymer, 48, 6913-6922. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2007.09.017
  • Weiss, P., Lapkowski, M., Legeros, R. Z., Bouler, J. M., Jean, A., Daculsi, G., (1997). FTIR Spectroscopic Study of an Organic/Mineral Composite for Bone and Dental Substitute Materials, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 8,621-629. doi: 10.1023/A:1018519419539
  • Yang, F., Both, S. K., Yang, X., Walboomers, X. F., Jansen, J.A. (2009). Development of an Electrospun Nano-Apatite/PCL Composite Membrane for GTR/GBR Application, Acta Biomaterialia, 5, 3295-3304. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.05.023
  • Yoshimoto, H., Shin, Y. M., Terai, H., Vacanti, J. P. (2003). A Biodegradable Nanofiber Scaffold by Electrospinning and its Potential for Bone Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials, 24, 2077-2082. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(02)00635-X
  • Zong, X., Bien, H., Chung, C. Y., Yin, L., Fang, D., Hsiao, B. S., Chu, B., Entcheva, E. (2005). Electrospun Fine-Textured Scaffolds for Heart Tissue Constructs, Biomaterials, 26, 5330-5338. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.01.052

Effect Of Ethylene Oxide, Autoclave and Ultra Violet Sterilizations On Surface Topography Of Pet Electrospun Fibers

Year 2016, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 201 - 218, 03.11.2016

Sebnem Duzyer , Asli Hockenberger , Agah Uguz , Elif Evke Zeynep Kahveci

https://doi.org/10.17482/uujfe.04230
Cited By: 3

Abstract

The aim of this study to investigate the effects of different sterilization methods on electrospun polyester. Ethylene oxide (EO), autoclave (AU) and ultraviolet (UV) sterilization methods were applied to electrospun fibers produced from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) solutions with concentrations of 10, 15 and 20 wt.%. The surface characteristics of the fibers were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), surface pore size studies and contact angle measurements. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests were carried out to characterize the thermal properties. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests were performed to analyze the micro structural properties. SEM studies showed that different sterilization methods made significant changes on the surfaces of the fibers depending on the PET concentration. Although the effects were decreased with the increasing polymer concentration, the fiber structure was damaged especially with the EO sterilization. The contact angle values were decreased with the UV sterilization method the most.

Keywords

Electrospun fiber Polyester; Sterilization; Characterization

References

  • Badylak, S. F., Freytes, D. O., Gilbert, T.W. (2009). Extracellular matrix as a biological scaffold material: Structure and function Acta Biomaterialia, 5(1), 1-13.doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.09.013
  • Block, S. S. (2001). Disinfection, Sterilization and Preservation (Lippincott Williams, Wilkins, Philadelphia, USA. p. 695. ISBN:0-683-30740-1
  • Chen, Z., Hay, J. N., Jenkins, M. J., (2013). The Thermal Analysis of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) by FTIR spectroscopy, Thermochimica Acta, 552, 123-130. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2012.11.002
  • Cho, D. H., Yu, W. R., Youk, J. H., Yoo, J. H., (2007). Formation of Micro-Crystals in Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Fiber by A Short Heat Treatment and Their Influence on the Mechanical Properties, European Polymer Journal, 43(8), 3562-3572. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.05.036
  • Costa, L., Luda, M. P., Trossarelli, L., Brach del Prever, E. M., Crova M., Gallinaro P., (1998). Oxidation in Orthopaedic UHMWPE Sterilized by Gamma-Radiation and Ethylene Oxide, Biomaterials, 19(7-9), 659-668. doi:10.1016/S0142-9612(97)00160-9
  • Darmanin, T., Guittard, F., (2013). Wettability of Conducting Polymers: From Superhydrophilicity to Superoleophobicity, Progress in Polymer Science, 39, 656-682. doi: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.10.003
  • De Clerck, K., Rahier, H., Van Mele, B., Kiekens, P., (2003). Thermal Properties Relevant to the Processing of PET Fibers, J Appl Polym Sci, 89, 3840-3849. doi:10.1002/app.12543
  • Deitzel, J. M, Kleinmeyer, J., Harris, D., Tan, N. C. B., (2001). The Effect of Processing Variables on the Morphology of Electrospun Nanofibers and Textiles, Polymer, 42, 261-272. doi: 10.1007/s11595-012-0438-y
  • Dimitrievska, S., Petit, A., Doillon, C. J., Epure, L., Ajji, A., Yahia, L., Bureau, M. N., (2011). Effect of Sterilization on Non-Woven Polyethylene Terephthalate Fiber Structures for Vascular Grafts. Macromol Biosci, 11,13-21. doi: 10.1002/mabi.201000268
  • Doshi, J., Reneker D. H., (1993). Electrospinning Process and Application of Electrospun Fibers, J Electrostat, 35, 151-160. doi: 10.1109/IAS.1993.299067
  • Duzyer, S., Hockenberger, A., Zussman, E., (2011). Characterization of Solvent-Spun Polyester Nanofibers, J App Polym Sci, 120, 759-769. doi: 10.1002/app.33092
  • Fong, H., Chun, I., Reneker, D. H., (1999). Beaded Nanofibers Formed During Electrospinning, Polymer, 40, 4585-4592. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00068-3
  • Greenfeld, I., Zussman, E., (2013). Polymer Entanglement Loss in Extensional Flow: Evidence From Electrospun Short Nanofibers, J Polym Sci Part B:Polymer Physics, 51, 1377-1391. doi: 10.1002/polb.23345
  • Greiner, A., Wendorrf, J. H., (2007). Electrospinning: A Fascinating Method for the Preparation of Ultrathin Fibers, Angew Chem Int Ed, 46, 5670-5703. doi: 10.1002/anie.200604646
  • Hayashi, N., Guan, W., Tsutsui, S., Tomari, T., Hanada, Y., (2006). Sterilization of Medical Equipment Using Radicals Produced by Oxygen/Water Vapor RF Plasma, Jpn J Appl Phys, 45, 8358-8363. doi:10.1143/JJAP.45.8358
  • Heydarkhan-Hagvall, S., Schenke-Layland, K., Dhanasopon, A. P., Rofail, F., Smith, H., Wu, B. M., Shemin, R., Beygui, R E., MacLellan, W. R., (2008). Three-Dimensional electrospun ECM-based hybrid scaffolds for Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering , Biomaterials, 29, 2907 -2914. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.03.034
  • Holy, C. E., Cheng, C., Davies, J. E., Shoichet, M. S., (2000). Optimizing the Sterilization of PLGA Scaffolds for Use in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials, 22, 25-31. doi: 10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00136-8
  • Huang, Z. M., Zhang, Y. Z., Kotaki, M., Ramakrishna,. S., (2003). A Review on Polymer Nanofibers by Electrospinning and Their Applications in Nanocomposites, Composites Science and Technology, 63, 2223-2253. doi: 10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00178-7
  • Khansari, S., Duzyer, S., Sinha-Ray, S., Hockenberger, A., Yarin, A. L., Pourdeyhimi, B., (2013). Two-Stage Desorption-Controlled Release of Fluorescent Dye and Vitamin From Solution-Blown and Electrospun Nanofiber Mats Containing Porogens, Mol Pharm, 10 4509-4526. doi: 10.1021/mp4003442
  • Li, C., Vepari, C., Jina, H. J., Kima, H. J, Kaplan, D. L., (2006). Electrospun Silkbmp-2 Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Biomaterials, 27, 3115-3124. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.01.022
  • Lopes-da-Silva, J. A., Veleirinho, B., Delgadillo, I., (2009). Preparation and Characterization of Electrospun Mats Made of PET/Chitosan Hybrid Nanofibers. J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 9, 3798-3804. doi: https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2009.NS70
  • Marreco, P. R., Moreira, P., Genari, S. C., Moraes, A. M., (2004). Effects of Different Sterilization Methods on the Morphology, Mechanical Properties and Cytotoxicity of Chitosan Membranes Used as Wound Dressings. , J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater, 71, 268-277. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.30081
  • Mendes, G. C. C., Brandão, T. R. S., Silva, C. L. M., (2007). Etylene Oxide Sterilization of Medical Devices, American Journal of Infection Control, 35, 574-581. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2006.10.014
  • Nair, P. D., Sreenivasan K., (1984). Effect of Steam Sterilization on Polyethylene Terephthalate, Biomaterials, 5, 305-306. doi: 10.1016/0142-9612(84)90079-6
  • Nair, P.D., (1995). Currently Practised Sterilization Methods--Some inadvertent Consequences. J Biomater Appl, 10, 121-135. doi:10.1177/088532829501000203
  • Rai, R., Tallawi, M., Roether, J. A., Detsch, R., Barbani, N., Rosellini, E., Kaschta, J., Schubert, D. W., Boccaccini, A. R., (2013). Sterilization Effects on The Physical Properties and Cytotoxicity of Poly (Glycerol Sebacate), Materials Letters, 105, 32-35. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2013.04.024
  • Rutala, W. A., Weber, D. J., (2001). New Disinfection and Sterilization Methods, Emerg Infect Dis, 7, 348 –353. doi: 10.3201/eid0702.700348
  • Shenoy, S. L., Bates, W. D., Frisch, H. L., Wnek, G. E., (2005). Role of Chain Entanglements on Fiber Formation During Electrospinning of Polymer Solutions: Good Solvent, Non-Specific Polymer-Polymer İnteraction Limit, Polymer, 46, 3372-384. doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.03.011
  • Sill, T. J., Recum, H A, (2008). Electrospinning: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials, 29, 1989-2006. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.01.011
  • Tan, S. H., Inai, R., Kotaki, M., Ramakrishna, S., (2005). Systematic Parameter Study for Ultra-Fine Fiber Fabrication via Electrospinning Process, Polymer, 46, 6128-6134. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.05.068
  • Theron, S. A., Zussman, E., Yarin, A. L., (2004). Experimental Investigation of the Governing Parameters in The Electrospinning of Polymer Solutions, Polymer, 45, 2017-2030. doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.01.024
  • Thompson, C. J., Chase, G. G., Yarin, A. L., Reneker, D. H. (2007). Effects of Parameters on Nanofiber Diameter Determined from Electrospinning Model, Polymer, 48, 6913-6922. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2007.09.017
  • Weiss, P., Lapkowski, M., Legeros, R. Z., Bouler, J. M., Jean, A., Daculsi, G., (1997). FTIR Spectroscopic Study of an Organic/Mineral Composite for Bone and Dental Substitute Materials, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 8,621-629. doi: 10.1023/A:1018519419539
  • Yang, F., Both, S. K., Yang, X., Walboomers, X. F., Jansen, J.A. (2009). Development of an Electrospun Nano-Apatite/PCL Composite Membrane for GTR/GBR Application, Acta Biomaterialia, 5, 3295-3304. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.05.023
  • Yoshimoto, H., Shin, Y. M., Terai, H., Vacanti, J. P. (2003). A Biodegradable Nanofiber Scaffold by Electrospinning and its Potential for Bone Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials, 24, 2077-2082. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(02)00635-X
  • Zong, X., Bien, H., Chung, C. Y., Yin, L., Fang, D., Hsiao, B. S., Chu, B., Entcheva, E. (2005). Electrospun Fine-Textured Scaffolds for Heart Tissue Constructs, Biomaterials, 26, 5330-5338. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.01.052
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sebnem Duzyer

Asli Hockenberger

Agah Uguz

Elif Evke This is me

Zeynep Kahveci This is me

Publication Date November 3, 2016
Submission Date October 21, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 21 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Duzyer, S., Hockenberger, A., Uguz, A., Evke, E., et al. (2016). ETİLEN OKSİT, OTOKLAV VE ULTRA VİYOLE STERİLİZASYONLARIININ PET ELEKTROÇEKİM LİFLERİN YÜZEY TOPOGRAFİSİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(2), 201-218. https://doi.org/10.17482/uujfe.04230
AMA Duzyer S, Hockenberger A, Uguz A, Evke E, Kahveci Z. ETİLEN OKSİT, OTOKLAV VE ULTRA VİYOLE STERİLİZASYONLARIININ PET ELEKTROÇEKİM LİFLERİN YÜZEY TOPOGRAFİSİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. UUJFE. November 2016;21(2):201-218. doi:10.17482/uujfe.04230
Chicago Duzyer, Sebnem, Asli Hockenberger, Agah Uguz, Elif Evke, and Zeynep Kahveci. “ETİLEN OKSİT, OTOKLAV VE ULTRA VİYOLE STERİLİZASYONLARIININ PET ELEKTROÇEKİM LİFLERİN YÜZEY TOPOGRAFİSİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 21, no. 2 (November 2016): 201-18. https://doi.org/10.17482/uujfe.04230.
EndNote Duzyer S, Hockenberger A, Uguz A, Evke E, Kahveci Z (November 1, 2016) ETİLEN OKSİT, OTOKLAV VE ULTRA VİYOLE STERİLİZASYONLARIININ PET ELEKTROÇEKİM LİFLERİN YÜZEY TOPOGRAFİSİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 21 2 201–218.
IEEE S. Duzyer, A. Hockenberger, A. Uguz, E. Evke, and Z. Kahveci, “ETİLEN OKSİT, OTOKLAV VE ULTRA VİYOLE STERİLİZASYONLARIININ PET ELEKTROÇEKİM LİFLERİN YÜZEY TOPOGRAFİSİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”, UUJFE, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 201–218, 2016, doi: 10.17482/uujfe.04230.
ISNAD Duzyer, Sebnem et al. “ETİLEN OKSİT, OTOKLAV VE ULTRA VİYOLE STERİLİZASYONLARIININ PET ELEKTROÇEKİM LİFLERİN YÜZEY TOPOGRAFİSİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 21/2 (November 2016), 201-218. https://doi.org/10.17482/uujfe.04230.
JAMA Duzyer S, Hockenberger A, Uguz A, Evke E, Kahveci Z. ETİLEN OKSİT, OTOKLAV VE ULTRA VİYOLE STERİLİZASYONLARIININ PET ELEKTROÇEKİM LİFLERİN YÜZEY TOPOGRAFİSİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. UUJFE. 2016;21:201–218.
MLA Duzyer, Sebnem et al. “ETİLEN OKSİT, OTOKLAV VE ULTRA VİYOLE STERİLİZASYONLARIININ PET ELEKTROÇEKİM LİFLERİN YÜZEY TOPOGRAFİSİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 2, 2016, pp. 201-18, doi:10.17482/uujfe.04230.
Vancouver Duzyer S, Hockenberger A, Uguz A, Evke E, Kahveci Z. ETİLEN OKSİT, OTOKLAV VE ULTRA VİYOLE STERİLİZASYONLARIININ PET ELEKTROÇEKİM LİFLERİN YÜZEY TOPOGRAFİSİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. UUJFE. 2016;21(2):201-18.

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