YOĞUN DALGABOYU BÖLMELİ ÇOĞULLAMALI GİGABİT PASİF OPTİK AĞLARDA DÖRT DALGA KARIŞIMININ YUKARI YÖNLÜ HAT PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ
Abstract
Dört dalga karışımı (FWM) optik fiberli ağların
performansını şiddetli biçimde sınırlayan önemli bir doğrusal olmayan etkidir.
Bu makalede, standart tek-modlu fiberler (SSMFs) kullanan yoğun dalgaboyu
bölmeli çoğullamalı gigabit pasif optik ağların (DWDM-GPONs) yukarı yönlü hat
performansı üzerindeki FWM etkisi incelenmiştir. Kanallar arası boşluk
değerleri 12.5 GHz, 25 GHz, 50 GHz ve 100 GHz olan 7-, 15-, 29- ve 35-kanallı DWDM-GPON sistemlerinin yukarı
yönlü hat merkez kanalları için benzetimler yapılmıştır. Yukarı yönlü hat
performansını değerlendirmede, FWM etkisi nedeniyle oluşan işaret çapraz
karışım oranı (SXR) değişimleri dikkate alınmıştır. Benzetim sonuçları, FWM
etkisi altındaki sistem performansının en kötü hal değerlerini sergilemekte ve
bu nedenle, mevcut GPON uygulamalarında FWM etkisi altındaki sistem
güvenilirliğini gösteren uygun bir değer olan minimum 23 dB SXR kriterini sağlayan sistem
parametrelerinin seçimi için önemli ipuçları sergilemektedir.
Keywords
Dört dalga karışımı Yoğun dalgaboyu bölmeli çoğullama Gigabit pasif optik ağ Optik fiber Yukarı yönlü hat
References
- Agrawal, G. P. (2013) Nonlinear Fiber Optics, 5th Ed., Academic Press, New York.
- Bi, M., Xiao, S., Li, J. and He, H. (2014) A bandwidth-efficient channel allocation scheme for mitigating FWM in ultra-dense WDM-PON, Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 125 (8),1957-1961. doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2013.11.004
- Bogoni, A. and Poti, L. (2004) Effective channel allocation to reduce inband FWM crosstalk in DWDM transmission systems, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 10 (2), 387-392. doi:10.1109/JSTQE.2004.825952
- Harboe, P. B., da Silva, E. and Souza, J. R. (2008) Analysis of FWM penalties in DWDM systems based on G.652, G.653, and G.655 optical fibers, International Journal of Electrical, Computer, Energetic, Electronic and Communication Engineering, 2 (12), 2674-2680.
- Hiçdurmaz, B., Temurtaş, H., Karlık, S. E. and Yılmaz, G. (2013) A novel method degrading the combined effect of FWM and ASE noise in WDM systems containing in-line optical amplifiers, Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 124 (19), 4064–4071. doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2012.12.071
- ITU-T Recommendation G.694.1 (2002) Spectral grids for WDM applications: DWDM frequency grid, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- ITU-T Recommendation G.984.1 (2008) Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (GPON): General characteristics, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- ITU-T Recommendation G.984.2 (2003) Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (G-PON): Physical media dependent (PMD) layer specification, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- ITU-T Recommendation G.984.3 (2014) Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (G-PON): Transmission convergence layer specification, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- ITU-T Recommendation G.984.4 (2008) Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (G-PON): ONT management and control interface specification, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- ITU-T Recommendation G.984.5 (2014) Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (G-PON): Enhancement band, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Judy, A. F. (1997) Optimizing fiber dispersion for DWDM systems, Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC97), Dallas, USA, 272-273. doi: 10.1109/OFC.1997.719882
- Karlık, S. E. (2016a) Analysis of the four-wave mixing impact on the most heavily affected channels of dense and ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing systems using non-zero dispersion shifted fibers, Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 127 (19), 7469-7486. doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.05.077
- Karlık, S. E. (2016b) Analysis of signal-to-crosstalk ratio variations due to four-wave mixing in dense wavelength division multiplexing systems implemented with standard single-mode fibers, Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering, 21 (2), 171-188. doi: 10.17482/uujfe.96713
- Lee, C. H., Sorin, W. V. and Kim, B. Y. (2006) Fiber to the home using a PON infrastructure, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 24 (12), 4568-4583. doi: 10.1109/JLT.2006.885779
- Maeda, M. W., Sessa, W. B., Way, W. I., Yi-Yan, A., Curtis, L., Spicer, R. and Laming, R. I. (1990) The effect of four-wave mixing in fibers on optical frequency-division multiplexed systems, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 8 (9), 1402-1408. doi:10.1109/50.59171
- Nakajima, K., Ohashi, M., Miyajima, Y. and Shiraki, K. (1997) Assessment of dispersion varying fibre in WDM system, Electronics Letters, 33 (12), 1059-1060. doi:10.1049/el:19970699
- Reis, J. D., Neves, D. M. and Teixeira, A. L. (2012), Analysis of nonlinearities on coherent ultradense WDM-PONs using Volterra series, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 30 (2), 234-241. doi: 10.1109/JLT.2011.2180698
- Sharma, V. and Kaur, R. (2013), Implementation of DWDM system in the presence of four wave mixing (FWM) under the impact of channel spacing, Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 124 (17), 3112-3114. doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2012.09.049
- Song, H. and Brandt-Pearce, M. (2013) Range of influence and impact of physical impairments in long-haul DWDM systems, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 31 (6), 846-854. doi: 10.1109/JLT.2012.2235409
- Souza, J. R. and Harboe, P. B. (2011) FWM: Effect of channel allocation with constant bandwidth and ultra-fine grids in DWDM systems, IEEE Latin America Transactions, 9 (1), 32-39. doi: 10.1109/TLA.2011.5876417
Four-Wave Mixing Impacts on The Uplink Performance of Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Gigabit Passive Optical Networks
Abstract
Four-wave
mixing (FWM) is an important nonlinear effect severely limiting the performance
of optical fiber networks. In this paper, FWM impact on the uplink performance
of dense wavelength division multiplexing gigabit passive optical networks
(DWDM-GPONs) using standard single mode fibers (SSMFs) has been analyzed.
Simulations have been carried out on the center uplink channels of 7-, 15-, 29-
and 35-channel DWDM-GPON systems that have 12.5 GHz, 25 GHz, 50 GHz and 100 GHz
channel spacing values. Signal-to-crosstalk ratio (SXR) variations occurring
due to FWM impacts have been considered in evaluating the uplink performance.
Simulation results exhibit worst-case values under FWM impacts and therefore are
important in giving clues about choosing system parameters satisfying a minimum
23 dB SXR, which is an appropriate value for current GPON applications showing
system reliability under FWM impacts.
Keywords
Four wave mixing Dense wavelength division multiplexing Gigabit passive optical network Optical fiber Uplink
References
- Agrawal, G. P. (2013) Nonlinear Fiber Optics, 5th Ed., Academic Press, New York.
- Bi, M., Xiao, S., Li, J. and He, H. (2014) A bandwidth-efficient channel allocation scheme for mitigating FWM in ultra-dense WDM-PON, Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 125 (8),1957-1961. doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2013.11.004
- Bogoni, A. and Poti, L. (2004) Effective channel allocation to reduce inband FWM crosstalk in DWDM transmission systems, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 10 (2), 387-392. doi:10.1109/JSTQE.2004.825952
- Harboe, P. B., da Silva, E. and Souza, J. R. (2008) Analysis of FWM penalties in DWDM systems based on G.652, G.653, and G.655 optical fibers, International Journal of Electrical, Computer, Energetic, Electronic and Communication Engineering, 2 (12), 2674-2680.
- Hiçdurmaz, B., Temurtaş, H., Karlık, S. E. and Yılmaz, G. (2013) A novel method degrading the combined effect of FWM and ASE noise in WDM systems containing in-line optical amplifiers, Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 124 (19), 4064–4071. doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2012.12.071
- ITU-T Recommendation G.694.1 (2002) Spectral grids for WDM applications: DWDM frequency grid, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- ITU-T Recommendation G.984.1 (2008) Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (GPON): General characteristics, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- ITU-T Recommendation G.984.2 (2003) Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (G-PON): Physical media dependent (PMD) layer specification, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- ITU-T Recommendation G.984.3 (2014) Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (G-PON): Transmission convergence layer specification, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- ITU-T Recommendation G.984.4 (2008) Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (G-PON): ONT management and control interface specification, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- ITU-T Recommendation G.984.5 (2014) Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (G-PON): Enhancement band, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Judy, A. F. (1997) Optimizing fiber dispersion for DWDM systems, Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC97), Dallas, USA, 272-273. doi: 10.1109/OFC.1997.719882
- Karlık, S. E. (2016a) Analysis of the four-wave mixing impact on the most heavily affected channels of dense and ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing systems using non-zero dispersion shifted fibers, Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 127 (19), 7469-7486. doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.05.077
- Karlık, S. E. (2016b) Analysis of signal-to-crosstalk ratio variations due to four-wave mixing in dense wavelength division multiplexing systems implemented with standard single-mode fibers, Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering, 21 (2), 171-188. doi: 10.17482/uujfe.96713
- Lee, C. H., Sorin, W. V. and Kim, B. Y. (2006) Fiber to the home using a PON infrastructure, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 24 (12), 4568-4583. doi: 10.1109/JLT.2006.885779
- Maeda, M. W., Sessa, W. B., Way, W. I., Yi-Yan, A., Curtis, L., Spicer, R. and Laming, R. I. (1990) The effect of four-wave mixing in fibers on optical frequency-division multiplexed systems, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 8 (9), 1402-1408. doi:10.1109/50.59171
- Nakajima, K., Ohashi, M., Miyajima, Y. and Shiraki, K. (1997) Assessment of dispersion varying fibre in WDM system, Electronics Letters, 33 (12), 1059-1060. doi:10.1049/el:19970699
- Reis, J. D., Neves, D. M. and Teixeira, A. L. (2012), Analysis of nonlinearities on coherent ultradense WDM-PONs using Volterra series, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 30 (2), 234-241. doi: 10.1109/JLT.2011.2180698
- Sharma, V. and Kaur, R. (2013), Implementation of DWDM system in the presence of four wave mixing (FWM) under the impact of channel spacing, Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 124 (17), 3112-3114. doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2012.09.049
- Song, H. and Brandt-Pearce, M. (2013) Range of influence and impact of physical impairments in long-haul DWDM systems, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 31 (6), 846-854. doi: 10.1109/JLT.2012.2235409
- Souza, J. R. and Harboe, P. B. (2011) FWM: Effect of channel allocation with constant bandwidth and ultra-fine grids in DWDM systems, IEEE Latin America Transactions, 9 (1), 32-39. doi: 10.1109/TLA.2011.5876417
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 24, 2018 |
| Submission Date | October 18, 2017 |
| Acceptance Date | March 7, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 23 Issue: 1 |
Cite
Announcements:
30.03.2021-Beginning with our April 2021 (26/1) issue, in accordance with the new criteria of TR-Dizin, the Declaration of Conflict of Interest and the Declaration of Author Contribution forms fulfilled and signed by all authors are required as well as the Copyright form during the initial submission of the manuscript. Furthermore two new sections, i.e. ‘Conflict of Interest’ and ‘Author Contribution’, should be added to the manuscript. Links of those forms that should be submitted with the initial manuscript can be found in our 'Author Guidelines' and 'Submission Procedure' pages. The manuscript template is also updated. For articles reviewed and accepted for publication in our 2021 and ongoing issues and for articles currently under review process, those forms should also be fulfilled, signed and uploaded to the system by authors.