In developed and developing countries, livestock breeding is carried out in commercial enterprises with higher capacity rather than small family farms. In the Marmara region, they are grown in intensive enterprises where intensive production is carried out to supply the demand for animal-derived foods. However, uncontrolled waste management in enterprises and failure to use large amounts of manure correctly and effectively cause disruptions in the ecosystem, resulting in environmental pollution and natural resource degradation. It also negatively affects human health indirectly. Detecting and preventing agricultural pollution is difficult and time-consuming. The most effective method is to take precautions at the source before pollution occurs. According to this study, the pollution load from livestock manure in the Marmara region in the last ten years was 25497,5 tonnes. While 90,6% of this was caused by nitrogen pollution, 9,4% was caused by phosphorus pollution. Balıkesir was the city with the highest contribution to nitrogen and phosphorus pollution, while Yalova had the lowest contribution. Pollution was directly proportional to livestock population. Cattle were found to be the most diffuse polluters, poultry the least nitrogen polluters and small ruminants the least phosphorus polluters.
Nitrogen pollution Phosphorus pollution Livestock production Livestock waste management Marmara region
Gelişen ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde hayvancılık yetiştiriciliği küçük aile işletmeciliğinden ziyade daha fazla kapasiteyle yetiştiricilik yapılan ticari işletmelerde gerçekleştirilmektedir. Marmara bölgesinde hayvansal kaynaklı besinlerin talebi karşılayabilmesi için daha çok yoğun üretim yapılan entansif işletmelerde yetiştiricilik yapılmaktadır. Ancak işletmelerde kontrolsüz atık yönetimi, ortaya çıkan büyük miktardaki gübrenin doğru ve etkin kullanılamaması ekosistemde bozulmalara neden olarak çevre kirliliğine ve doğal kaynak deformasyonuna neden olur. Ayrıca insan sağlığını da dolaylı olarak olumsuz etkilemektedir. Tarımsal kaynaklı kirliliğin tespiti ve önlenmesi zor ve zaman alıcı olduğu için en etkili yöntem kirlilik oluşmadan tedbirlerin kaynağında alınmasıdır. Yapılan çalışmanın sonucuna göre; Marmara bölgesinin son on yıllık hayvansal kaynaklı gübreden oluşan kirlilik yükü 25497,5 ton’dur. Bunun %90,6’sı azot kirliliğinden kaynaklanırken % 9,4’üne ise fosfor kirleticisi neden olmuştur. Azot ve fosfor kirliliğine en fazla katkı yapan şehir Balıkesir olurken en az kirlilik Yalova’da oluşmuştur. Kirlilik yükü hayvan sayısıyla doğru orantılı olarak seyir göstermiştir. Büyükbaş hayvanların yayılı kirliliğe en fazla neden olan hayvan türü olduğu ortaya konulurken azot kirliliğine en az kümes hayvanı, fosfor kirliliğine ise en az küçükbaş hayvan neden olmuştur.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Environmental Engineering (Other) |
Journal Section | Research Articles |
Authors | |
Early Pub Date | March 28, 2024 |
Publication Date | April 22, 2024 |
Submission Date | February 21, 2024 |
Acceptance Date | March 14, 2024 |
Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 29 Issue: 1 |
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