Finite Element Stress Analysis of PEEK, Glass Fiber and Zirconia Post-Core Sys-tems in Maxillary Central Incisor

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 180 - 190, 30.08.2021

Merve Özarslan , Ulviye Büyükkaplan , Mehmet Mustafa Özarslan , Nurullah Türker , H. Kürşat Çelik

https://doi.org/10.52976/vansaglik.863002

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze structural strength features (such as deformation and stress distributions) of polyether ether ketone (PEEK), glass fiber and zirconia post-core systems utilized in maxillary central incisor roots by means of finite element analysis (FEA).
Material and Method: The main geometry of maxillary central incisor considered in this study was obtained using an intraoral scanner. Other sub-components were modelled in a parametric computer aided design software based on the data obtained from the literature. Glass fiber, PEEK and zirconia were defined as post materials. 100 N force was applied with 45° angle on the palatal surface of veneered tooth in the FEA set up. The FEA was solved with linear material model and static linear loading assumptions through a commercial FEA code. Visuals and numerical results related to equivalent stress (Von Mises) and deformation distributions were interpreted.
Results: Maximum equivalent stress value of 32.76 MPa was calculated at the PEEK post-core. The maximum values for glass fiber and zirconia posts were 0.80 MPa and 21.17 MPa, respectively. Maximum equivalent stress values at the tooth roots in the glass fiber, zirconia and PEEK posts were 72.79 MPa, 69.01 MPa and 58.22 MPa respectively.
Conclusion: The stress magnitude experienced at the PEEK post-cores on the root was lower than glass fiber post and zirconia post. Regarding to this, although, it may be concluded that PEEK may reduce the complications that require tooth extraction in clinical practice, further researches are suggested including clinical trials.

Keywords

Polyether ether ketone, Glass fiber, Zirconia, Post-core, Finite element analysis

Maksiller Santral Dişte PEEK, Cam Fiber ve Zirkonya Post-Kor Sistemlerinin Sonlu Elemanlar Stres Analizi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada maksiller santral kesici diş köklerinde kullanılan üç farklı post-kor sisteminin (polieter eter keton (PEEK), cam fiber ve zirkonya) yapısal gerilme dağılımlarının sonlu eleman analizi (SEA) ile incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmada, SEA için hazırlanan maksiller santral kesici dişin ana geometrisi intraoral tara-yıcı kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Dişe ait diğer bileşenler, literatürden elde edilen veriler temelinde bilgisayar destekli parametrik bir tasarım yazılımı kullanılarak modellenmiştir. Post materyali olarak cam fiber, PEEK ve zirkonya ele alınmıştır. Kronlanmış olarak modellenen dişin palatal yüzeyine 45° açı ile 100 N kuvvet uygu-lanmış, analizler neticesinde, modeller üzerinde ortaya çıkan eşdeğer gerilme (Von Mises) dağılımları ve de-formasyon davranışına ait görseller ve sayısal değerler karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Tüm analizler neticesinde en yüksek eşdeğer gerilme değeri 32.76 MPa olarak PEEK post-korda gö-rülmüştür. Cam fiber ve zirkonya postlar için gerilme değerleri sırasıyla 0.80 MPa ve 21.17 MPa elde edilmiştir. Köklerdeki maksimum eşdeğer gerilme değerleri karşılaştırıldığında zirkonya ve PEEK postlu modellerde sıra-sıyla 69.01 MPa ve 58.22 MPa cam fiber postlu modelde ise 72.79 MPa bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: PEEK post-kor modellenen kökteki gerilme değerinin büyüklüğü, cam fiber post ve zirkonya post model-lenen köklerden daha düşük elde edilmiştir. Bu durum, klinik pratikte diş çekimi gerektiren komplikasyonları azaltabilir olduğunun göstergesi olarak yorumlanabilir ancak bu konuda ileriki klinik araştırmaların yapılması faydalı olacaktır.

Keywords

Polieter eter keton, Cam fiber, Zirkonya, post-kor, Sonlu elemanlar analizi

References

• Akkayan B, Gülmez T. Resistance to fracture of endodontically treated teeth restored with different post systems. J Prosthet Dent. 2002; 87(4): 431-7.
• Asmussen E, Peutzfeldt A, Sahafi A. Finite element analysis of stresses in endodontically treated, dowel-restored teeth. J Prosthet Dent. 2005; 94(4): 321-9.
• Bijelic J, Garoushi S, Vallittu PK, Lassila LV. Fracture load of tooth restored with fiber post and experimental short fiber composite. Open Dent J. 2011; 5: 58-65.
• Chaijareenont P,Prakhamsai S, Silthampitag P, Takahashi H, Arksornnukit M. Effects of different sulfuric acid etching concentrations on PEEK surface bonding to resin composite. Dent Mater J. 2018; 37(3): 385-92.
• Chan RW, Bryant RW. Post-core foundations for endodontically treated posterior teeth. J Prosthet Dent. 1982; 48(4): 401-6. doi:10.1016/0022-3913(82)90074-9
• Chen A, Feng X, Zhang Y, Liu R, Shao L. Finite element analysis of stress distribution in four different endodontic post systems in a model canine. Biomed Mater Eng. 2015; 26(1): 629-35.
• de Almeida Goncalves LA, Vansan LP, Paulino SM, Neto MDS. Fracture resistance of weakened roots restored with a transilluminating post and adhesive restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2006; 96(5): 339-44.
• Dilmener FT, Sipahi C, Dalkiz M. Resistance of three new esthetic post-and-core systems to compressive loading. J Prosthet Dent. 2006; 95(2): 130-6.
• Eraslan O, Aykent F, Yücel MT, Akman S. The finite element analysis of the effect of ferrule height on stress distribution at post-and-core-restored all-ceramic anterior crowns. Clin Oral Investig. 2009; 13(2): 223-7.
• Eraslan O, Inan O, Secilmis A. The effect of framework design on stress distribution in implant-supported FPDs: A 3-D FEM study. Eur J Dent. 2010; 4(4): 374–82
• Eskitaşcıoğlu G, Belli S, Kalkan M. Evaluation of two post core systems using two different methods (fracture strength test and a finite elemental stress analysis). J Endod. 2002; 28(9): 629-33.
• Faria-e-Silva AL, Pedrosa-Filho CdF, Menezes MdS, Silveira DMd, Martins LRM. Effect of relining on fiber post retention to root canal. J Appl Oral Sci. 2009; 17(6): 600-4.
• Ferrari M, Vichi A, Garcia-Godoy F. Clinical evaluation of fiber-reinforced epoxy resin posts and cast post and cores. Am J Dent. 2000; 13: 15B-18B.
• Fraga R, Chaves B, Mello G, Jr JS. Fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots after restoration. J Oral Rehabil. 1998; 25(11): 809-13.
• Giovani AR, Vansan LP, de Sousa Neto MD, Paulino SM. In vitro fracture resistance of glass-fiber and cast metal posts with different lengths. J Prosthet Dent. 2009; 101(3): 183-8.
• González‐Lluch C, Rodríguez‐Cervantes PJ, Sancho‐Bru JL, Pérez‐González A, Barjau‐Escribano A, Vergara‐Monedero M et al. Influence of material and diameter of pre‐fabricated posts on maxillary central incisors restored with crown. J Oral Rehabil. 2009; 36(10): 737-47.
• Henriques B, Fabris D, Mesquita-Guimarães J, Sousa AC, Hammes N, Souza JC et al.. Influence of laser structuring of PEEK, PEEK-GF30 and PEEK-CF30 surfaces on the shear bond strength to a resin cement. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2018; 84: 225-34.
• Komada W, Miura H, Okada D, Yoshida K. Study on the fracture strength of root reconstructed with post and core: alveolar bone resorbed case. Dent Mater J. 2006; 25(1): 177-82.
• Krejci I, Mueller E, Lutz F. Effects of thermocycling and occlusal force on adhesive composite crowns. J Dent Res. 1994; 73(6): 1228-32.
• Kurtz SM, Devine JN. PEEK biomaterials in trauma, orthopedic, and spinal implants. Biomaterials. 2007; 28(32): 4845-69.
• Liu P, Deng X-L, Wang X-Z. Use of a CAD/CAM-fabricated glass fiber post and core to restore fractured anterior teeth: A clinical report. J Prosthet Dent. 2010; 103(6): 330-3.
• Maekawa M, Kanno Z, Wada T, Hongo T, Doi H, Hanawa T et al. Mechanical properties of orthodontic wires made of super engineering plastic. Dent Mater J. 2015; 2014-202.
• Mannocci F, Ferrari M, Watson TF. Intermittent loading of teeth restored using quartz fiber, carbon-quartz fiber, and zirconium dioxide ceramic root canal posts. J Adhes Dent. 1999; 1(2): 153-8.
• Martinez-Insua A, Da Silva L, Rilo B, Santana U. Comparison of the fracture resistances of pulpless teeth restored with a cast post and core or carbon-fiber post with a composite core. J Prosthet Dent. 1998; 80(5): 527-32.
• Mezzomo LA, Corso L, Marczak RJ, Rivaldo EG. Three‐dimensional FEA of effects of two dowel‐and‐core approaches and effects of canal flaring on stress distribution in endodontically treated teeth. J Prosthodont. 2011; 20(2): 120-9.
• Najeeb S, Khurshid Z, Matinlinna JP, Siddiqui F, Nassani MZ, Baroudi K. Nanomodified peek dental implants: Bioactive composites and surface modification—A review. Int J Dent. 2015;2015:381759. doi: 10.1155/2015/381759.
• Nergiz I, Schmage P, Özcan M, Platzer U. Effect of length and diameter of tapered posts on the retention. J Oral Rehabil. 2002; 29(1): 28-34.
• Newman MP, Yaman P, Dennison J, Rafter M, Billy, E. Fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with composite posts. J Prosthet Dent. 2003; 89(4): 360-7.
• Picanço PRB, Valarelli FP, Cançado RH, Freitas KMSd, Picanço GV. Comparison of the changes of alveolar bone thickness in maxillary incisor area in extraction and non-extraction cases: computerized tomography evaluation. Dental Press J Orthod. 2013; 18(5): 91-8.
• Rajambigai A, Kumar A, Sabarinathan RR. Comparison of stress distribution in a maxillary central incisor restored with two prefabricated post systems with and without ferrule using finite element method. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016; 10(9): ZC52–ZC55.
• Rosentritt M, Fürer C, Behr M, Lang R, Handel G. Comparison of in vitro fracture strength of metallic and tooth‐coloured posts and cores. J Oral Rehabil. 2000; 27(7): 595-601.
• Santos-Filho PCF, Veríssimo C, Soares PV, Saltarelo RC, Soares CJ, Martins LRM. Influence of ferrule, post system, and length on biomechanical behavior of endodontically treated anterior teeth. J Endod. 2014; 40(1): 119-23.
• Saskalauskaite E, Tam LE, McComb D. Flexural strength, elastic modulus, and pH profile of self‐etch resin luting cements. J Prosthodont. 2008; 17(4): 262-8.
• Schmitter M, Huy C, Ohlmann B, Gabbert O, Gilde H, Rammelsberg P. Fracture resistance of upper and lower incisors restored with glass fiber reinforced posts. J Endod. 2006; 32(4): 328-30. Seefeld F, Wenz HJ, Ludwig K, Kern M. Resistance to fracture and structural characteristics of different fiber reinforced post systems. Dent Mater. 2007; 23(3): 265-71.
• Skirbutis G, Dzingutė A, Masiliūnaitė V, Šulcaitė G, Žilinskas J. PEEK polymer’s properties and its use in prosthodontics. A review. Stomatologija. 2018; 20(2): 54-8.
• Stawarczyk B, Beuer F, Wimmer T, Jahn D, Sener B, Roos M et al. Polyetheretherketone—a suitable material for fixed dental prostheses? J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2013; 101(7): 1209-16.
• Stawarczyk B, Eichberger M, Uhrenbacher J, Wimmer T, Edelhoff D, Schmidlin PR. Three-unit reinforced polyetheretherketone composite FDPs: influence of fabrication method on load-bearing capacity and failure types. Dent Mater J. 2015; 34(1): 7-12.
• Stawarczyk B, Jordan P, Schmidlin PR, Roos M, Eichberger M, Gernet W et al. PEEK surface treatment effects on tensile bond strength to veneering resins. J Prosthet Dent. 2014; 112(5): 1278-88.
• Stricker EJ, Göhring TN. Influence of different posts and cores on marginal adaptation, fracture resistance, and fracture mode of composite resin crowns on human mandibular premolars. An in vitro study. J Dent. 2006; 34(5): 326-35.
• Teixeira EC, Teixeira FB, Piasick JR, Thompson JY. An in vitro assessment of prefabricated fiber post systems. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006; 137(7): 1006-12.
• Tekin S, Adiguzel O, Cangul S, Atas O, Erpacal B. Evaluation of the use of PEEK material in post-core and crown restorations using finite element analysis. Am J Dent. 2020; 33(5): 251-7.
• Toksavul S, Zor M, Toman M, Güngör MA, Nergiz I, Artunç C. Analysis of dentinal stress distribution of maxillary central incisors subjected to various post-and-core applications. Oper Dent. 2006; 31(1): 89-96.
• Uhrenbacher J, Schmidlin PR, Keul C, Eichberger M, Roos M, Gernet W et al. The effect of surface modification on the retention strength of polyetheretherketone crowns adhesively bonded to dentin abutments. J Prosthet Dent. 2014; 112(6): 1489-97.
• Xible AA, Tavarez RRdJ, Araujo CdRPd, Conti PCR, Bonachella WC. Effect of cyclic loading on fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth restored with conventional and esthetic posts. J Appl Oral Sci. 2006; 14(4): 297-303.
• Zarone F, Sorrentino R, Apicella D, Valentino B, Ferrari M, Aversa R et al. Evaluation of the biomechanical behavior of maxillary central incisors restored by means of endocrowns compared to a natural tooth: a 3D static linear finite elements analysis. Dent Mater. 2006; 22(11): 1035-44.
• Zoidis P, Papathanasiou I. Modified PEEK resin-bonded fixed dental prosthesis as an interim restoration after implant placement. J Prosthet Dent. 2016; 116(5): 637-41.