ANTİKOAGÜLAN RODENTİSİTLERE KARŞI DİRENÇ BELİRLEME YÖNTEMLERİ

Year 2020, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 1 - 12, 08.05.2020

Zeyno Nuhoğlu , Abdurrahman Aksoy

https://doi.org/10.38137/vetfarmatoksbulten.704983

Abstract

Antikoagülan rodentisitlerin yoğun kullanımı sonucu kemirgen popülasyonlarında 5-10 yıl içinde antikoagülanlara karşı direnç gelişebilmektedir. Antikoagülanlara karşı direnç ilk defa 1958 yılında İngiltere’de tespit edilmiştir. Kemirgen popülasyonlarında direncin belirlenmesi, entegre risk yönetiminin önemli bir unsurudur. Kemirgen mücadelesinde, uygulama doğru bir şekilde yapıldığı halde sonuç alınamaması, rodentisit direncinin bir göstergesi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Antikoagülan rodentisitlere karşı; farmakokinetik, beslenme ve farmakodinamik tabanlı üç tip direnç tanımlanmıştır. Antikoagülan rodentisit direncini belirleme yöntemleri bilimsel metotların gelişmesiyle beraber sürekli yenilenmektedir. Bu yöntemler; beslenme, kan pıhtılaşma testi (Blood Clotting Response Testing, BCRT), vitamin K epoksit redüktaz gen mutasyonun (Hepatic Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase, VKOR) belirlenmesi ve direnç belirteci genotiplerinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Popülasyonda antikoagülan rodentisitlere karşı direnç tespit edildiğinde, dirençli bireylerin belirlenmesi ve direncin yayılmasını engellemek için doğru bir strateji izlenerek mücadele edilmesi şarttır. Bu derlemede, başarılı bir kemirgen mücadelesi için antikoagülan rodentisitlere karşı gelişen direnç belirleme yöntemleri incelenmiştir.

Keywords

Antikoagulan, direnç, direnç belirleme yöntemleri

METHODS OF TESTINGS FOR RESISTANCE TO ANTICOAGULANT RODENTICIDES

Abstract

Resistance to anticoagulants may develop in rodent populations for 5-10 years as a result of intensive use of anticoagulant rodenticides. Resistance to anticoagulants have been first detected the UK in 1958. Monitoring the resistance status of rodent populations is a pivotal component of integrated risk management. Failure to get results even though the application is done correctly in rodent control is accepted as an indicator of rodenticide resistance. Failure to get results even though the application is done correctly in rodent control is accepted as an indicator of rodenticide resistance. Three types of resistance have been described against anticoagulant rodenticides based on pharmacokinetics, nutrition and pharmacodynamics. The methods of determining anticoagulant rodenticide resistance are constantly being renewed with the development of scientific methods. These methods are feeding testing, blood clotting response testing (BCRT), hepatic vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) assessment, specific genotypes that are markers of resistance. When the resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides is detected in the population, it is essential to identify resistant individuals and to fight with a correct strategy to prevent the spread of resistance. In this review, resistance determination methods for anticoagulant rodenticides were investigated for a successful rodent control.

Keywords

Anticoagulant, Resistance, Resistance testing, Rodenticide

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