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Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 20, 1 - 31, 30.04.2020

Zelha Altınkaya

Abstract

References

  • Avrupa Birliği (European Union) (2017) White Paper on Future of European Union https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/white_paper_on_the_future_of_europe_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Birliği (European Union) (2008) European Union Public Health Strategy 2008-2013. The EU Council and the Commission urge Member States to focus on health policies Source: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Vol. 36, No. 3 (May 2008), pp. 334-335 Published by: Sage Publications, Ltd. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45149973 accessed: 03-04-2020 12:17 UTC
  • Avrupa Birliği (European Commission) (2020). White Paper on The Future of Europe https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/white_paper_on_the_future_of_europe_en.pdf,
  • Avrupa Birliği (European Union) ( 2017) State of health in the EU Companion report 2017 https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d16ecda5-cf37-11e7-a7df-01aa75ed71a1
  • Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu (European Commission) (2020) State of Health in the European Union Italy Country Health Profile 2017 https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/state/docs/chp_it_english.pdf
  • Brand, H.Rosenkötte, N.,Clemens, T. and Kai Michelsen ( 2013). Austerity Policies in Europe bad for Health: Health Protection within the EU mandate is more relevant than ever. BMJ. British Medical Journal, Vol.346. No.7914. p.7.
  • Chomsky, Noam(2017) Requiem for the American Dream: The Principles of Concentrated Wealth and Power. Seven Stories Press.Newyork. USA.
  • Copeland, Paul (2014). The Political Economy of European Integration and the Challenge of the 2004 and 2007 EU enlargements. http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=20708
  • Council Directive 2010/32/EU of 10 May 2010 implementing the Framework Agreement on prevention from sharp injuries in the hospital and healthcare sector concluded by HOSPEEM and ESU (OJ L 134, 1.6.2010, pp. 66-72
  • https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52008DC0725&from=EN https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:52008DC0725
  • Eurostat, (2020) Health Statistics. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=File:Hospital_discharges_of_in-patients,_diseases_of_the_circulatory_system,_2017_(per_100_000_inhabitants)_Health2019.png
  • Fedeli, Silvia (2015 ) The Impact of GDP on Health Care Expenditure: The Case of Italy. Social Indicators Research, Vol.122.No.2.pp.347-370
  • Greer, S, L, Jarman, Holly and Rita Baeten ( 2016). The New Political Economy of Health Care in the European Union. International Journal of Health Services, Vol.46.No.2.pp.262-282. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/48513041.pdf?ab_segments=0%2Fbasic_SYC-50 55%2Ftest&refreqid=search%3Ad3259c76ed9c02dbb08c0d4d84f77e22
  • Krugman, Paul (2011).”No, It is not the Welfare State”. The Conscience of Liberal. The New York Times, December 5, 2011.https://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/05/no-its-not-the-welfare-state/
  • Moramarco, Vi and Ruggeri (2016). Between Rationing and Rationalization The Challenged of the Italian National Health Service During the Age of The Great Crisis. Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali, Anno 124, No.¾.. Special Issue on Health and Economics.pp.349-363. Navarro, Vicenta (1999 ) Health and Equity in the World in The Era of Globalization . International Health and Equity in the World in the Era of “Globalization” http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.837.7483&rep=rep1&type=pdf
  • Pavolini, Emmanuele ( 2015). How many Italian Welfare States are there? The Italian Welfare State in a European Perspective. A Comparative Analysis. Edited by Ugo Ascoli and Emmanuele Pavolini. Bristol University Press. Policy Press. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1t89834.16 Prebisch, Raul(1985) Latin American Periphery and the Global Crisis of Capitalism," Cepal Review, No. 26. pp. 63-68.
  • Ranci, Costanzo and Mauro Miglivacca (2015) Everything needs to change, so everything can stay the same: the Italian welfare state facing new social risks. The Italian Welfare State in European Perspective: A Comparative Analysis..
  • Salvatore, J. Babones and Philip Bancicky( 2010) The Globalization Challenge to Population Health. Costs and Consequences of Health Disparities.Inequalities & Health :Costs and Consequences of Health Disparities. pp.101-120 Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/41421385 . Schuftan, Claudio (2015). Commentary: Globalization, Health Sector Reform and the Human Right to Health: Implications For Future Health Policy. International Journal of Health Services, Vol.45.No.1.pp.187-193.
  • Scott,L.G., Jarman and Rita Baeten (2016). The New Political Economy of Health Care in the European Union: The Impact of Fiscal Governance. International Journal of Health Services, Vol.46.No.2.pp.262-282. Soares, Rodrigo ( 2007) On the Determinants of Mortality Reductions in the Developing World. Population and Development Review, Vol. 33, No. 2 (Jun., 2007), pp. 247-287 Published by: Population Council. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25434607
  • Stiglitz, Joseph (2017) The Welfare State in the Twenty First Century https://rooseveltinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Welfare-Chapter-JS.pdf
  • Vizard, Polly and Polina Obolenskaya (2015). The Coalition’s Record on Health: Policy, Spending and Outcomes 2010-2015. Social Policy in a Cold Climate Working Paper. No.16. The London School of Economics and Political Science. https://www.basw.co.uk/system/files/resources/basw_105026-6_0.pdf. Accessed on March 30, 2020.
  • Vizard, Polly and Plina Obolenskaya( 2013 ) Labour’s Record on Health ( 1997-2010). Social Policy in Cold Climate Working Paper 2. The London School of Economics and Political Science. http://sticerd.lse.ac.uk/dps/case/spcc/WP02.pdf
  • World Health Organisation ( 2020, 03,08 ).Situation Report https://www.who.int/docs/default-source /coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4
  • World Health Organisation( 2020, 03, 28) Situation reports https://www.who.int/docs/default-source /coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4
  • World Health Organisation( 2020, 01, 21) Situation Report. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4
  • World Health Organisation.( 2020, 02, 08) Situation Report. https://www.who.int/docs/default- source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200208-sitrep-19-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=6e091ce6_4

2020 Koronavirus Pandemisinde Avrupa Birliği Sağlık Politikaları ve Neoliberalism : İtalya Örneği

Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 20, 1 - 31, 30.04.2020

Zelha Altınkaya

Abstract

Neoliberal akımların başlamasıyla, malların, sermayenin serbest dolaşımına, teknolojik gelişmeleriyle küreselleşme süreci başlamış oldu. Tüm dünyada, kırk yılı aşkın bir süredir hüküm süren neoliberal akımlar, dünyadaki bir kaç ülke dışında tüm ülkeleri, küresel düzeyde artan rekabet karşısında şirketlerin, üreticilerin aşırı karlar elde etmelerine yönelik politikalar izlemesine sebep olmuştur. Bu sürecin gerisinde 1970’li yıllarda, kamu iktisadi teşebbüslerin, devlet bütçelerinde büyük açıklara sebep olması nedeniyle, 1980’li yılların başından itibaren kamunun ekonomi içindeki ağırlığı azaltılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu da ya kamu ait iktisadi teşebbüsleri özelleştirilmesi yada bu eğitim, sağlık ve hatta güvenlik hizmetleri için hem bütçeleri içinde de hem gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla içindeki payları azalmaya başlamıştır. Gerek özelleştirmeler, gerekse, kamu hizmetlerinin gayri safi milli hasıla içindeki paylarının artırılmaması, refah devleti kavramı içinde uzun yıllardan itibaren çok tartışılan konulardan biridir. 2020 yılına kadar belirgin bir seviyede değişiklik olmamasına karşın, 15 Aralık 2019 tarihinde ilk olarak Çin’in Wuhan eyaletinde görülmeye başlanan, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından, 12 Mart 2020’de yeni tip Corona virüsü Covid 19’un birden fazla ülkede görülmesi nedeniyle pandemi ilan edilmesiyle, sağlık politikaları ve sağlık harcamaları bütçeleri birden bütün dünyanın birinci öncelikli konusu haline gelmiştir. Bugüne kadar birer tehdit olarak sıralanan unsurlar gerçek yaşamda karşı karşıya kalınmıştır. Acil durum karşısında bütün ülkeler, doktor, hemşire, laboratuvar uzmanları , hastane çalışanlarının sayısı, özellikleri, hastane sarf malzemelerinin varlığı, erişebilirliği, hastane yatağı sayısı, yoğun bakım sayılarının, ilaç tedarikini, araştırma ve geliştirme politikalarının ne kadar önemli olduğunu bir kez daha ortaya koymuş oldu.Bu makalede, Çin’den sonra Corona Virüs e bağlı solunum yetmezliği hastalığına yakalanan hasta sayısının ve en çok arttığı ülkenin İtalya olması nedeniyle, Avrupa Birliği’nin sağlık politikaları incelenecektir. Literatür taraması ve istatistiki analiz yöntemi kullanılarak Avrupa Birliği’nin sağlık politikaları, İtalya örneğinde incelenmiş olacaktır.

Keywords

Avrupa Birliği sağlık harcamaları Neoliberalizm pandemi Koronavirüs İtalya

References

  • Avrupa Birliği (European Union) (2017) White Paper on Future of European Union https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/white_paper_on_the_future_of_europe_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Birliği (European Union) (2008) European Union Public Health Strategy 2008-2013. The EU Council and the Commission urge Member States to focus on health policies Source: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Vol. 36, No. 3 (May 2008), pp. 334-335 Published by: Sage Publications, Ltd. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45149973 accessed: 03-04-2020 12:17 UTC
  • Avrupa Birliği (European Commission) (2020). White Paper on The Future of Europe https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/white_paper_on_the_future_of_europe_en.pdf,
  • Avrupa Birliği (European Union) ( 2017) State of health in the EU Companion report 2017 https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d16ecda5-cf37-11e7-a7df-01aa75ed71a1
  • Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu (European Commission) (2020) State of Health in the European Union Italy Country Health Profile 2017 https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/state/docs/chp_it_english.pdf
  • Brand, H.Rosenkötte, N.,Clemens, T. and Kai Michelsen ( 2013). Austerity Policies in Europe bad for Health: Health Protection within the EU mandate is more relevant than ever. BMJ. British Medical Journal, Vol.346. No.7914. p.7.
  • Chomsky, Noam(2017) Requiem for the American Dream: The Principles of Concentrated Wealth and Power. Seven Stories Press.Newyork. USA.
  • Copeland, Paul (2014). The Political Economy of European Integration and the Challenge of the 2004 and 2007 EU enlargements. http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=20708
  • Council Directive 2010/32/EU of 10 May 2010 implementing the Framework Agreement on prevention from sharp injuries in the hospital and healthcare sector concluded by HOSPEEM and ESU (OJ L 134, 1.6.2010, pp. 66-72
  • https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52008DC0725&from=EN https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:52008DC0725
  • Eurostat, (2020) Health Statistics. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=File:Hospital_discharges_of_in-patients,_diseases_of_the_circulatory_system,_2017_(per_100_000_inhabitants)_Health2019.png
  • Fedeli, Silvia (2015 ) The Impact of GDP on Health Care Expenditure: The Case of Italy. Social Indicators Research, Vol.122.No.2.pp.347-370
  • Greer, S, L, Jarman, Holly and Rita Baeten ( 2016). The New Political Economy of Health Care in the European Union. International Journal of Health Services, Vol.46.No.2.pp.262-282. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/48513041.pdf?ab_segments=0%2Fbasic_SYC-50 55%2Ftest&refreqid=search%3Ad3259c76ed9c02dbb08c0d4d84f77e22
  • Krugman, Paul (2011).”No, It is not the Welfare State”. The Conscience of Liberal. The New York Times, December 5, 2011.https://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/05/no-its-not-the-welfare-state/
  • Moramarco, Vi and Ruggeri (2016). Between Rationing and Rationalization The Challenged of the Italian National Health Service During the Age of The Great Crisis. Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali, Anno 124, No.¾.. Special Issue on Health and Economics.pp.349-363. Navarro, Vicenta (1999 ) Health and Equity in the World in The Era of Globalization . International Health and Equity in the World in the Era of “Globalization” http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.837.7483&rep=rep1&type=pdf
  • Pavolini, Emmanuele ( 2015). How many Italian Welfare States are there? The Italian Welfare State in a European Perspective. A Comparative Analysis. Edited by Ugo Ascoli and Emmanuele Pavolini. Bristol University Press. Policy Press. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1t89834.16 Prebisch, Raul(1985) Latin American Periphery and the Global Crisis of Capitalism," Cepal Review, No. 26. pp. 63-68.
  • Ranci, Costanzo and Mauro Miglivacca (2015) Everything needs to change, so everything can stay the same: the Italian welfare state facing new social risks. The Italian Welfare State in European Perspective: A Comparative Analysis..
  • Salvatore, J. Babones and Philip Bancicky( 2010) The Globalization Challenge to Population Health. Costs and Consequences of Health Disparities.Inequalities & Health :Costs and Consequences of Health Disparities. pp.101-120 Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/41421385 . Schuftan, Claudio (2015). Commentary: Globalization, Health Sector Reform and the Human Right to Health: Implications For Future Health Policy. International Journal of Health Services, Vol.45.No.1.pp.187-193.
  • Scott,L.G., Jarman and Rita Baeten (2016). The New Political Economy of Health Care in the European Union: The Impact of Fiscal Governance. International Journal of Health Services, Vol.46.No.2.pp.262-282. Soares, Rodrigo ( 2007) On the Determinants of Mortality Reductions in the Developing World. Population and Development Review, Vol. 33, No. 2 (Jun., 2007), pp. 247-287 Published by: Population Council. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25434607
  • Stiglitz, Joseph (2017) The Welfare State in the Twenty First Century https://rooseveltinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Welfare-Chapter-JS.pdf
  • Vizard, Polly and Polina Obolenskaya (2015). The Coalition’s Record on Health: Policy, Spending and Outcomes 2010-2015. Social Policy in a Cold Climate Working Paper. No.16. The London School of Economics and Political Science. https://www.basw.co.uk/system/files/resources/basw_105026-6_0.pdf. Accessed on March 30, 2020.
  • Vizard, Polly and Plina Obolenskaya( 2013 ) Labour’s Record on Health ( 1997-2010). Social Policy in Cold Climate Working Paper 2. The London School of Economics and Political Science. http://sticerd.lse.ac.uk/dps/case/spcc/WP02.pdf
  • World Health Organisation ( 2020, 03,08 ).Situation Report https://www.who.int/docs/default-source /coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4
  • World Health Organisation( 2020, 03, 28) Situation reports https://www.who.int/docs/default-source /coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4
  • World Health Organisation( 2020, 01, 21) Situation Report. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4
  • World Health Organisation.( 2020, 02, 08) Situation Report. https://www.who.int/docs/default- source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200208-sitrep-19-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=6e091ce6_4
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Zelha Altınkaya 0000-0002-6964-7182

Publication Date April 30, 2020
Submission Date April 13, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 10 Issue: 20

Cite

APA Altınkaya, Z. (2020). 2020 Koronavirus Pandemisinde Avrupa Birliği Sağlık Politikaları ve Neoliberalism : İtalya Örneği. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(20), 1-31.
AMA Altınkaya Z. 2020 Koronavirus Pandemisinde Avrupa Birliği Sağlık Politikaları ve Neoliberalism : İtalya Örneği. YSBD. April 2020;10(20):1-31.
Chicago Altınkaya, Zelha. “2020 Koronavirus Pandemisinde Avrupa Birliği Sağlık Politikaları Ve Neoliberalism : İtalya Örneği”. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 10, no. 20 (April 2020): 1-31.
EndNote Altınkaya Z (April 1, 2020) 2020 Koronavirus Pandemisinde Avrupa Birliği Sağlık Politikaları ve Neoliberalism : İtalya Örneği. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 10 20 1–31.
IEEE Z. Altınkaya, “2020 Koronavirus Pandemisinde Avrupa Birliği Sağlık Politikaları ve Neoliberalism : İtalya Örneği”, YSBD, vol. 10, no. 20, pp. 1–31, 2020.
ISNAD Altınkaya, Zelha. “2020 Koronavirus Pandemisinde Avrupa Birliği Sağlık Politikaları Ve Neoliberalism : İtalya Örneği”. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 10/20 (April 2020), 1-31.
JAMA Altınkaya Z. 2020 Koronavirus Pandemisinde Avrupa Birliği Sağlık Politikaları ve Neoliberalism : İtalya Örneği. YSBD. 2020;10:1–31.
MLA Altınkaya, Zelha. “2020 Koronavirus Pandemisinde Avrupa Birliği Sağlık Politikaları Ve Neoliberalism : İtalya Örneği”. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 20, 2020, pp. 1-31.
Vancouver Altınkaya Z. 2020 Koronavirus Pandemisinde Avrupa Birliği Sağlık Politikaları ve Neoliberalism : İtalya Örneği. YSBD. 2020;10(20):1-31.