COVID-19 Salgını Döneminde Sürdürülebilir Tüketim Davranışlarında Yaşanan Değişim

Year 2022, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 302 - 324, 08.10.2022

İnci Dursun , Cansu Gökmen Köksal , Ebru Tümer Kabadayı

https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.993014

Cited By: 2

Abstract

COVID-19 salgınıyla birlikte küresel ölçekte yaşanan sağlık krizinin ve salgın sürecinde alınan önlemlerin sürdürülebilir tüketim davranışları üzerindeki etkisi merak konusu olmuştur. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı ülkemizde COVID-19 salgınının sürdürülebilir tüketim davranışları üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Bu amaçla, 214 tüketiciden çevrim içi anket yöntemi ile veri toplanarak pandemi sürecinde literatürde sıklıkla çevreci etkileri incelenen davranışlarda nasıl bir değişim meydana geldiği araştırılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, pandemi döneminde çevreci davranışlardan toplu taşıma kullanımının ve ikinci el ürün satın alımlarının düştüğünü; tek kullanımlık ürünlerin kullanımının arttığını göstermiştir. Bulgular pandemi döneminde çevre kirliliğine ilişkin kaygıların, çevreyi korumaya yönelik çabaların arttığını, geri dönüşüm gayretlerinin, elektrik, su ve ısı tasarrufunun, çevreci ürün satın alma eğilimlerinin olumlu yönde değiştiğini göstermiştir. Araştırmada ayrıca yaşanan bu değişimlerin pandemi boyunca hissedilen stresten; yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim seviyesi, gelir düzeyi gibi demografik faktörlerden nasıl etkilediği incelenmiştir. En belirgin bulgu pandeminin yaşattığı stresle birlikte çevre kirliğine dair kaygıların ve çevreyi koruma yönündeki çabaların da artmasıdır. Bulgular, yaşanan pandeminin belirli bir tüketici grubu için çevre sorunlarına yönelik farkındalığı artırdığı ve sürdürülebilir tüketimi motive ettiğini göstermektedir. Bu olumlu etkinin ne kadar kalıcı olacağı cevaplanmayı bekleyen diğer önemli sorudur.

Keywords

: Sürdürülebilirlik, Sürdürülebilir Tüketim, Çevreci Tüketim, COVID-19 Salgını

References

• Aloi, A., Alonso, B., Benavente, J., Cordera, R., Echániz, E., González, F., ... & Sañudo, R. (2020). Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on urban mobility: Empirical evidence from the city of Santander (Spain). Sustainability, 12(9), 3870.
• Ahmed, R. R., Streimikiene, D., Rolle, J. A., & Pham, A. D. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and the antecedants for the impulse buying behavior of US citizens. Journal of Competitiveness, 12(3), 5.
• Arora, N. K., & Mishra, J. (2020). COVID-19 and importance of environmental sustainability. Environmental Sustainability, 1.
• Armstrong, F., Capon, A., McFarlane, R. (2020). Coronavirus is a wake-up call: Our war with the environment is leading to pandemics. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https://theconversation.com/coronavirus-is-a-wake-up-call-our-warwith-the-environment-is-leading-to-pandemics-135023
• Assadourian, E. (2010). Transforming cultures: From consumerism to sustainability. Journal of Macromarketing, 30(2), 186-191.
• Barr, S., Gilg, A. W., and Ford, N. (2005). The Household Energy Gap: Examining The Divide Between Habitual-and Purchase-Related Conservation Behaviors. Energy Policy, 33(11), pp.1425-1444.
• Batlle-Bayer, L., Aldaco, R., Bala, A., Puig, R., Laso, J., Margallo, M., ... & Fullana-i-Palmer, P. (2020). Environmental and nutritional impacts of dietary changes in Spain during the COVID-19 lockdown. Science of The Total Environment, 748, 141410.
• Beck, M. J., & Hensher, D. A. (2020). Insights into the impact of COVID-19 on household travel and activities in Australia–The early days under restrictions. Transport policy, 96, 76-93.
• Bergantino, A. S., Intini, M., & Tangari, L. (2021). Influencing factors for potential bike-sharing users: an empirical analysis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research in Transportation Economics, 86, 101028.
• Borsellino, V. & Sina Ahmadi Kaliji & Emanuele Schimmenti, 2020. "COVID-19 Drives Consumer Behaviour and Agro-Food Markets towards Healthier and More Sustainable Patterns," Sustainability, MDPI, Open Access Journal, 12(20),1-26, October.
• Chakraborty, I., & Maity, P. (2020). COVID-19 outbreak: Migration, effects on society, global environment and prevention. Science of the Total Environment, 728, 138882.,
• Chen, C. F., Nelson, H., Xu, X., Bonilla, G., & Jones, N. (2021). Beyond technology adoption: Examining home energy management systems, energy burdens and climate change perceptions during COVID-19 pandemic. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 145, 111066.
• Cheshmehzangi, A. (2020). COVID-19 and household energy implications: what are the main impacts on energy use?. Heliyon, 6(10), e05202.
• Chung, S. S., Poon, C. S. 1994. ”Recycling behaviour and attitude: The case of the Hong Kong people and commercial and household wastes”. The International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 1(2), 130-145.
• Cohen, Maurie J. (2020) Does the COVID-19 outbreak mark the onset of a sustainable consumption transition?, Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 16:1, 1-3, DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2020.1740472.
• Conke, L. S. 2018. “Barriers to waste recycling development: Evidence from Brazil”. Resources, conservation and recycling, 134, 129-135.
• Cosgrove, K., Vizcaino, M., & Wharton, C. (2021). COVID-19-related changes in perceived household food waste in the united states: A cross-sectional descriptive study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(3), 1104.
• Degli Esposti, P., Mortara, A., & Roberti, G. (2021). Sharing and Sustainable Consumption in the Era of COVID-19. Sustainability, 13(4), 1903.
• De Young, R. 1988-1989.”Exploring the difference between recyclers and non-recyclers: The role of information”, Journal of Environmental Systems, 18, 4, 341-351.
• Dursun, I., Kabadayi, E. T., Koksal, C. G., & Tuger, A. T. (2016). Pro-Environmental Consumption: Is It Really All About The Environment?. Journal of Management Marketing and Logistics, 3(2), 114-134.
• Dursun, İ., KABADAYI, E. T., & Tuğer, A. T. (2018). Çevreci tüketim davranışı: boyutları ve ölçümü. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(3), 42-66.
• Duygun, A. (2021). Tüketicilerin farklı tüketim aktiviteleri bazında covid-19 risk algılamalarının değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Mesleki ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (5), 144-159.
• Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (2021) https://covid19.who.int/ 4 Ağustos 2021.
• Eisenmann, C., Nobis, C., Kolarova, V., Lenz, B., & Winkler, C. (2021). Transport mode use during the COVID-19 lockdown period in Germany: The car became more important, public transport lost ground. Transport policy, 103, 60-67.
• Espejo, W., Celis, J. E., Chiang, G., & Bahamonde, P. (2020). Environment and COVID-19: Pollutants, impacts, dissemination, management and recommendations for facing future epidemic threats. Science of The Total Environment, 747, 141314.
• Gadenne, D., Sharma, B., Kerr, D., & Smith, T. (2011). The influence of consumers' environmental beliefs and attitudes on energy saving behaviours. Energy policy, 39(12), 7684-7694
• Gamba, R. J., Oskamp, S. 1994.”Factors influencing community residents' participation in commingled curbside recycling programs”, Environment and behavior, 26(5), 587-612.
• Garaus, M., & Garaus, C. (2021). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Consumers' Intention to Use Shared-Mobility Services in German Cities. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 367.
• Garcés, C., Lafuente, A., Pedraja, M., Rivera, P. 2002. “Urban waste recycling behavior: antecedents of participation in a selective collection program”, Environmental management, 30(3), 378-390.
• Jesson, J. 2009. “Household waste recycling behavior: A market segmentation model”, Social Marketing Quarterly, 15(2), 25-38.
• Jiang, P., Klemeš, J. J., Fan, Y. V., Fu, X., & Bee, Y. M. (2021). More Is Not Enough: A Deeper Understanding of the COVID-19 Impacts on Healthcare, Energy and Environment Is Crucial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 684.
• Jribi, S., Ismail, H. B., Doggui, D., & Debbabi, H. (2020). COVID-19 virus outbreak lockdown: What impacts on household food wastage?. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 22(5), 3939-3955.
• Kattoua, M. G., Al-Khatib, I. A., Kontogianni, S. 2019. “Barriers on the propagation of household solid waste recycling practices in developing countries: State of Palestine example”. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 21(4), 774-785.
• Kecinski, M., Messer, K. D., McFadden, B. R., & Malone, T. (2020). Environmental and regulatory concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the pandemic food and stigma survey. Environmental and Resource Economics, 76(4), 1139-1148.
• Knussen, C., Yule, F. 2008. “I'm Not in the Habit of Recycling” The Role of Habitual Behavior in the Disposal of Household Waste”, Environment and Behavior, 40(5), 683-702.
• Labonté-LeMoyne, É., Chen, S. L., Coursaris, C. K., Sénécal, S., & Léger, P. M. (2020). The unintended consequences of COVID-19 mitigation measures on mass transit and car use. Sustainability, 12(23), 9892.
• Lorenzoni, I., Nicholson-Cole, S., Whitmarsh, L. 2007. “Barriers Perceived to Engaging with Climate Change Among the UK Public and Their Policy Implications”, Global Environmental Change, 17(3-4), 445-459.
• Mont, O., & Plepys, A. (2008). Sustainable consumption progress: should we be proud or alarmed?. Journal of Cleaner Production, 16(4), 531-537.
• Mutang, J. A., Ismail, R., Seok, C. B., Bahari, F., Madlan, L., Wider, W., Das, R. 2015. Recycling Motivations and Barriers in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. International Journal of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, 9(8): 2911-2915.
• Naeem, M. (2020). Understanding the customer psychology of impulse buying during COVID-19 pandemic: implications for retailers. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management.
• Nepomuceno, M. V., & Laroche, M. (2015). The impact of materialism and anti-consumption lifestyles on personal debt and account balances. Journal of Business Research, 68(3): 654-664.
• O’Connor, P., & Assaker, G. (2021). COVID-19’s effects on future pro-environmental traveler behavior: an empirical examination using norm activation, economic sacrifices, and risk perception theories. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 1-19.
• Ölander, F. & Thøgersen, J. (1995). An Understanding of Consumer Behaviour as a Prerequisite for Environmental Protection. Journal of Consumer Policy, 18 (4):345-385.
• Peattie, K. (2010). Green consumption: behavior and norms. Annual review of environment and resources, 35:195-228. Peluso, A. M., Pichierri, M., & Pino, G. (2021). Age-related effects on environmentally sustainable purchases at the time of COVID-19: Evidence from Italy. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 60:102443.
• Politis, I., Georgiadis, G., Papadopoulos, E., Fyrogenis, I., Nikolaidou, A., Kopsacheilis, A., ... & Verani, E. (2021). COVID-19 lockdown measures and travel behavior: The case of Thessaloniki, Greece. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 10, 100345.
• Principato, L., Secondi, L., Cicatiello, C., & Mattia, G. (2020). Caring more about food: The unexpected positive effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on household food management and waste. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, article in press.
• Przybylowski, A., Stelmak, S., & Suchanek, M. (2021). Mobility behaviour in view of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic—public transport users in Gdansk case study. Sustainability, 13(1):364.
• Qarnain, S. S., Sattanathan, M., Sankaranarayanan, B., & Ali, S. M. (2020). Analyzing energy consumption factors during coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak: A case study of residential society. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 1-20.
• Robinson, G. M., Read, A. D. 2005. “Recycling behaviour in a London Borough: Results from large-scale household surveys”. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 45(1): 70-83.
• Rousseau, S., & Deschacht, N. (2020). Public awareness of nature and the environment during the COVID-19 crisis. Environmental and Resource Economics, 76(4): 1149-1159.
• Scacchi, A., Catozzi, D., Boietti, E., Bert, F., & Siliquini, R. (2021). COVID-19 lockdown and self-perceived changes of food choice, waste, impulse buying and their determinants in Italy: QuarantEat, a cross-sectional study. Foods, 10(2):306.
• Severo, E. A., De Guimarães, J. C. F., & Dellarmelin, M. L. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on environmental awareness, sustainable consumption and social responsibility: Evidence from generations in Brazil and Portugal. Journal of Cleaner Production, 286:124947.
• Shakil, M. H., Munim, Z. H., Tasnia, M., & Sarowar, S. (2020). COVID-19 and the environment: A critical review and research agenda. Science of the Total Environment, 141022.
• Sneath, J. Z., Lacey, R., & Kennett-Hensel, P. A. (2009). Coping with a natural disaster: Losses, emotions, and impulsive and compulsive buying. Marketing letters, 20(1): 45-60.
• Stern, P. (2000). Toward a coherent theory of environmentally significant behavior. Journal of social issues, 56(3): 407-424.
• Straughan, R. D., & Roberts, J. A. (1999). Environmental segmentation alternatives: a look at green consumer behavior in the new millennium. Journal of consumer marketing.
• Tchetchik, A., Kaplan, S., & Blass, V. (2021). Recycling and consumption reduction following the COVID-19 lockdown: The effect of threat and coping appraisal, past behavior and information. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 167, 105370.
• Thøgersen, J., & Ölander, F. (2002). Human values and the emergence of a sustainable consumption pattern: A panel study. Journal of economic psychology, 23(5):605-630.
• Tirachini, A., & Cats, O. (2020). COVID-19 and public transportation: Current assessment, prospects, and research needs. Journal of Public Transportation, 22(1), 1.
• Uehara, T., & Sakurai, R. (2021). Have Sustainable Development Goal Depictions Functioned as a Nudge for the Younger Generation before and during the COVID-19 Outbreak?. Sustainability, 13(4):1672.
• UN (1992) United Nations Conference on Environment & Development Rio de Janerio, Brazil, 3 to 14 June 1992, Agenda 21 https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/Agenda21.pdf, 04.07.2021.
• United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), (2020). COVID-19 has changed online shopping forever.https://unctad.org/press-material/covid-19-has-changed-online-shopping-forever-survey-shows. 12.08.2021.
• Verplanken, B., Marks, E., & Dobromir, A. I. (2020). On the nature of eco-anxiety: How constructive or unconstructive is habitual worry about global warming?. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 72, 101528.
• Vidal-Mones, B., Barco, H., Diaz-Ruiz, R., & Fernandez-Zamudio, M. A. (2021). Citizens’ food habit behavior and food waste consequences during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Spain. Sustainability, 13(6): 3381.
• Welsch, H., & Kühling, J. (2009). Determinants of pro-environmental consumption: The role of reference groups and routine behavior. Ecological economics, 69(1):166-176.
• White, K. M., Hyde, M. K. 2012. “The role of self-perceptions in the prediction of household recycling behavior in Australia. Environment and Behavior”, 44(6): 785-99.
• Yavetz, B.; Goldman, D.; Pe’er, S. (2009) Environmental Literacy Of Pre-Service Teachers In Israel: A Comparison Between Students at The Onset and End of Their Studies. Environmental Education Research, 15(4):399-416.
• Zambrano-Monserrate, M. A., Ruano, M. A., & Sanchez-Alcalde, L. (2020). Indirect effects of COVID-19 on the environment. Science of the Total Environment, 728, 138813.
• Zanocco, C., Flora, J., Rajagopal, R., & Boudet, H. (2020). Exploring the effects of California's COVID-19 shelter-in-place order on household energy practices and intention to adopt smart home technologies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 110578.