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ANALYZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MIGRATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION: EVIDENCE FROM EU COUNTRIES

Year 2024, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 1 - 13, 20.09.2024

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 20 Avrupa Birliği ülkesinin 2008-2021 yılları arasındaki göç, ekonomik büyüme ve enerji tüketimi arasındaki ilişki panel veri analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmektedir. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin yönünü belirlemek için Dumitrescu ve Hurlin (2012) panel granger nedensellik testi kullanılmaktadır. Analiz sonucunda göçten ekonomik büyümeye, enerji tüketiminden ekonomik büyümeye ve enerji tüketiminden göçe doğru nedensellik olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda göçün enerji tüketiminin nedeni olmadığı, enerji tüketiminin göçe neden olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Enerji tüketimi yüksek olan ülkeler, sermaye gücü yüksek, iş gücü talebi yüksek olan ve bu nedenle göç hareketlerinin hedefi olan ülkelerdir. Bu durumda göç alan ve gönderen ülkeler arasındaki işgücü piyasası dengeye gelinceye kadar enerji tüketiminin göç hareketlerine neden olacağı söylenebilir. Ayrıca bu ülkelerde göçün nedeninin ekonomik büyüme olmadığı, göçün ekonomik büyümeye neden olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Göç hareketleri sonucunda sermaye gücü ile işgücü arzının buluşması sonucunda ekonomik büyüme olumlu yönde etkilenmektedir.

References

  • Aksoy, Zeynep (2012). International Migration and Intercultural Communication, International Journal of Social Research, Volume:5, Issue:20.
  • Alola, A. A., Yalciner, K., Alola, U. V., & Saint Akadiri, S. (2019). The role of renewable energy, immigration and real income in environmental sustainability target. Evidence from Europe largest states. Science of The Total Environment, 674, 307-315.
  • Ari Y. O (2018) , Economic determinants of circular migration: The case of Georgia-Turkey / Economic determinants of circular migration: The case of Georgia-Turkey
  • Aslan, A., & Altınöz, Buket. (2018). Exploring The Nexus Between International Migration, Renewable Energy Consumption And Climate Change: Evidence From OECD Countries. International Energy Economy And Security Congress.
  • Baltagi, B. H. (2008). Forecasting with panel data. Journal of forecasting, 27(2), 153-173.
  • Birinci A (2010), Economic growth, energy consumption and environmental pollution long run relationship for Turkey. Master's Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, University of Social Sciences, Department of Econometrics, Trabzon.
  • Borjas, G. J. (2019). Immigration and Economic Growth, NBER Working Paper No: w25836.
  • Breusch, T. S., & Pagan, A. R. (1980). The lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. The review of economic studies, 47(1), 239-253.
  • Dumitrescu, E. I. and Christophe Hurlin (2012), "Testing for Granger noncausality". Economic Modelling, 2012, vol. 29, issue 4, 1450-1460.
  • Dücan, E. (2016). Regional analysis of socio-economic causes of internal migration in Turkey. Journal of Economic and Social Research, 12(2), 167-183.
  • Engin, C. and Konuk, T. (2020). The Effect of International Migration on Unemployment and Economic Growth in the Turkish Economy: An Econometric Analysis. Journal of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 10 (1), 103-123 . Retrieved from http://iibfdergisi.ksu.edu.tr/tr/pub/issue/55534/706758
  • Feridun, M., & Shahbaz, M. (2015). Immigration and electricity consumption: The case of Northern Cyprus. International Journal of Green Energy. https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.912654
  • Güllüpınar, (2012). "An Evaluation on the Political Economy of Migration and International Migration Theories", Yalova Journal of Social Sciences, Issue 4: 53-85.
  • Güloğlu, B., & İvrendi, M. (2008). Output fluctuations: Transitory or permanent? The case of Latin America. Applied Economics Letters, 1-6.
  • Harris, R. D., & Tzavalis, E. (1999). Inference for unit roots in dynamic panels where the time dimension is fixed. Journal of econometrics, 91(2), 201-226.
  • Holtz-Eakin, D., Newey, W. and Rosen, S. (1988). "Estimating Vector Autoregression With Panel Data". Econometrica. 56. pp. 1371-1395.
  • Kirikkaleli, D., & Dogan, N. (2021). Energy consumption and refugee migration in Turkey. Utilities Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2020.101144
  • Knight, M., Loayza, N., & Villanueva, D. (1993). Testing the neoclassical theory of economic growth: A panel data approach. Staff papers, 40(3), 512-541.
  • Komatsu, S., Ha, H. D., & Kaneko, S. (2013). The effects of internal migration on residential energy consumption and CO2 emissions: A case study in Hanoi. Energy for Sustainable Development, 17(6), 572-580.
  • Koyuncu T. (2019), Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar, Enerji Tüketimi, Göç ve Karbondioksit Salınımı ile Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişkilerin Analizi, Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Kraft J, Kraft A (1978), On the relationship between energy and GNP. Journal Energy Development 3: 401-403. Meçik, O. & Koyuncu, T. (2020).
  • The Relationship between Migration and Economic Growth in Turkey: Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test. Journal of Human and Social Sciences Research, 9 (3) , 2618-2635. DOI: 10.15869/itobiad.748770.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2007). A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence. Journal of applied econometrics, 22(2), 265-312.
  • Pesaran, M. H., & Yamagata, T. (2008). Testing slope homogeneity in large panels. Journal of econometrics, 142(1), 50-93.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Schuermann, T., & Weiner, S. M. (2004). Modeling regional interdependencies using a global error-correcting macroeconometric model. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 22(2), 129-162. Pesaran, M. H., Ullah, A., & Yamagata, T. (2008).
  • A bias-adjusted LM test of error cross-section independence. The econometrics journal, 11(1), 105-127.
  • Pesaran, M.H. (2004), "General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels", Unpublished manuscript, Cambridge University.
  • Soytas, U. and Sari, R. (2006). "Energy Consumption and Income in G-7 Countries", Journal of Policy Modeling, 28(7), 739-750.
  • Şimsek D., (2018). Göç Hızı-Enflasyon-Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: En Yüksek Göç Oranına Sahip Sekiz Ülkenin İncelenmesi, Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Torasa, C., Sittisom, W., & Mekhum, W. (2020). What Difference Urban Sprawl Industrialization and Migration Can Make in Energy Consumption? A Time-series Analysis of Thailand. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy.
  • Wadhwa, V., Saxenian, A., Rissing, B. A., & Gereffi, G. (2008). Skilled immigration and economic growth. Applied Research in Economic Development, 5(1), 6-14.
  • Yılmaz A. (2014). International Migration: Types, Causes and Effects, International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, Turkish Studies, Volume 9/2, p. 1685-1704.

GÖÇ, EKONOMİK BÜYÜME VE ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN ANALİZİ: AB ÜLKELERİNDEN KANITLAR

Year 2024, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 1 - 13, 20.09.2024

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 20 Avrupa Birliği ülkesinin 2008-2021 yılları arasındaki göç, ekonomik büyüme ve enerji tüketimi arasındaki ilişki panel veri analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmektedir. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin yönünü belirlemek için Dumitrescu ve Hurlin (2012) panel granger nedensellik testi kullanılmaktadır. Analiz sonucunda göçten ekonomik büyümeye, enerji tüketiminden ekonomik büyümeye ve enerji tüketiminden göçe doğru nedensellik olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda göçün enerji tüketiminin nedeni olmadığı, enerji tüketiminin göçe neden olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Enerji tüketimi yüksek olan ülkeler, sermaye gücü yüksek, iş gücü talebi yüksek olan ve bu nedenle göç hareketlerinin hedefi olan ülkelerdir. Bu durumda göç alan ve gönderen ülkeler arasındaki işgücü piyasası dengeye gelinceye kadar enerji tüketiminin göç hareketlerine neden olacağı söylenebilir. Ayrıca bu ülkelerde göçün nedeninin ekonomik büyüme olmadığı, göçün ekonomik büyümeye neden olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Göç hareketleri sonucunda sermaye gücü ile işgücü arzının buluşması sonucunda ekonomik büyüme olumlu yönde etkilenmektedir.

References

  • Aksoy, Zeynep (2012). International Migration and Intercultural Communication, International Journal of Social Research, Volume:5, Issue:20.
  • Alola, A. A., Yalciner, K., Alola, U. V., & Saint Akadiri, S. (2019). The role of renewable energy, immigration and real income in environmental sustainability target. Evidence from Europe largest states. Science of The Total Environment, 674, 307-315.
  • Ari Y. O (2018) , Economic determinants of circular migration: The case of Georgia-Turkey / Economic determinants of circular migration: The case of Georgia-Turkey
  • Aslan, A., & Altınöz, Buket. (2018). Exploring The Nexus Between International Migration, Renewable Energy Consumption And Climate Change: Evidence From OECD Countries. International Energy Economy And Security Congress.
  • Baltagi, B. H. (2008). Forecasting with panel data. Journal of forecasting, 27(2), 153-173.
  • Birinci A (2010), Economic growth, energy consumption and environmental pollution long run relationship for Turkey. Master's Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, University of Social Sciences, Department of Econometrics, Trabzon.
  • Borjas, G. J. (2019). Immigration and Economic Growth, NBER Working Paper No: w25836.
  • Breusch, T. S., & Pagan, A. R. (1980). The lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. The review of economic studies, 47(1), 239-253.
  • Dumitrescu, E. I. and Christophe Hurlin (2012), "Testing for Granger noncausality". Economic Modelling, 2012, vol. 29, issue 4, 1450-1460.
  • Dücan, E. (2016). Regional analysis of socio-economic causes of internal migration in Turkey. Journal of Economic and Social Research, 12(2), 167-183.
  • Engin, C. and Konuk, T. (2020). The Effect of International Migration on Unemployment and Economic Growth in the Turkish Economy: An Econometric Analysis. Journal of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 10 (1), 103-123 . Retrieved from http://iibfdergisi.ksu.edu.tr/tr/pub/issue/55534/706758
  • Feridun, M., & Shahbaz, M. (2015). Immigration and electricity consumption: The case of Northern Cyprus. International Journal of Green Energy. https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.912654
  • Güllüpınar, (2012). "An Evaluation on the Political Economy of Migration and International Migration Theories", Yalova Journal of Social Sciences, Issue 4: 53-85.
  • Güloğlu, B., & İvrendi, M. (2008). Output fluctuations: Transitory or permanent? The case of Latin America. Applied Economics Letters, 1-6.
  • Harris, R. D., & Tzavalis, E. (1999). Inference for unit roots in dynamic panels where the time dimension is fixed. Journal of econometrics, 91(2), 201-226.
  • Holtz-Eakin, D., Newey, W. and Rosen, S. (1988). "Estimating Vector Autoregression With Panel Data". Econometrica. 56. pp. 1371-1395.
  • Kirikkaleli, D., & Dogan, N. (2021). Energy consumption and refugee migration in Turkey. Utilities Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2020.101144
  • Knight, M., Loayza, N., & Villanueva, D. (1993). Testing the neoclassical theory of economic growth: A panel data approach. Staff papers, 40(3), 512-541.
  • Komatsu, S., Ha, H. D., & Kaneko, S. (2013). The effects of internal migration on residential energy consumption and CO2 emissions: A case study in Hanoi. Energy for Sustainable Development, 17(6), 572-580.
  • Koyuncu T. (2019), Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar, Enerji Tüketimi, Göç ve Karbondioksit Salınımı ile Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişkilerin Analizi, Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Kraft J, Kraft A (1978), On the relationship between energy and GNP. Journal Energy Development 3: 401-403. Meçik, O. & Koyuncu, T. (2020).
  • The Relationship between Migration and Economic Growth in Turkey: Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test. Journal of Human and Social Sciences Research, 9 (3) , 2618-2635. DOI: 10.15869/itobiad.748770.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2007). A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence. Journal of applied econometrics, 22(2), 265-312.
  • Pesaran, M. H., & Yamagata, T. (2008). Testing slope homogeneity in large panels. Journal of econometrics, 142(1), 50-93.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Schuermann, T., & Weiner, S. M. (2004). Modeling regional interdependencies using a global error-correcting macroeconometric model. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 22(2), 129-162. Pesaran, M. H., Ullah, A., & Yamagata, T. (2008).
  • A bias-adjusted LM test of error cross-section independence. The econometrics journal, 11(1), 105-127.
  • Pesaran, M.H. (2004), "General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels", Unpublished manuscript, Cambridge University.
  • Soytas, U. and Sari, R. (2006). "Energy Consumption and Income in G-7 Countries", Journal of Policy Modeling, 28(7), 739-750.
  • Şimsek D., (2018). Göç Hızı-Enflasyon-Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: En Yüksek Göç Oranına Sahip Sekiz Ülkenin İncelenmesi, Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Torasa, C., Sittisom, W., & Mekhum, W. (2020). What Difference Urban Sprawl Industrialization and Migration Can Make in Energy Consumption? A Time-series Analysis of Thailand. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy.
  • Wadhwa, V., Saxenian, A., Rissing, B. A., & Gereffi, G. (2008). Skilled immigration and economic growth. Applied Research in Economic Development, 5(1), 6-14.
  • Yılmaz A. (2014). International Migration: Types, Causes and Effects, International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, Turkish Studies, Volume 9/2, p. 1685-1704.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Growth, Migration Economics
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Ali İslamoğlu This is me

Serap Çoban 0000-0002-6622-0327

Publication Date September 20, 2024
Submission Date May 29, 2024
Acceptance Date September 11, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA İslamoğlu, A., & Çoban, S. (2024). ANALYZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MIGRATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION: EVIDENCE FROM EU COUNTRIES. Yönetim, Ekonomi Ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 1-13.