Abstract
The region, which covers the northeast of Syria and the northwest of Iraq in the south of the Bitlis-Zagros Suture Belt, which was formed as a result of the collision of the Arabian and Eurasian plates during the Middle Miocene and Early Late Miocene, has a very important position in the world in terms of hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon exploration activities require enormous labour and cost. It is aimed to show that the locations of the known hydrocarbon fields in the region coincide with the maximum values of the gravity tensor invariant with this study. In this way, it is aimed to show that both the working area can be narrowed and the cost can be reduced by applying this method beforehand in similar regions. For this purpose, World Gravity Map 2012 global model gravity data, which is one of the most up-to-date satellite-based gravity data used by many researchers recently, was used. First of all, the spherical free air and complete spherical Bouguer gravity data were analyzed and then the potential was obtained by taking the vertical integration of the complete spherical Bouguer data. Tensors were calculated by using this potential data and gravity tensor invariant was calculated from tensors. When the gravity tensor invariant map is examined, it is observed that the areas with the maximum positive values observed and the locations of the known oil wells are mostly compatible throughout the area. As a result, it would be very beneficial to apply this method for the region first for such high-cost studies.
References
- Abdula, R. (2010). Petroleum source rock analysis of the Jurassic Sargelu Formation. Northern Iraq: Master’s thesis, Colorado School of Mines.
- Aksoy, M. (2016). Dünyanın enerji görünümü: Insamer Araştırma 25, 32.
- Al-Zubaidi, A.A., and Al-Zebari, A.Y., 1998, Prospects for production and marketing of Iraq’s heavy oil: Ministry of Oil, State Oil Marketing, Baghdad, Iraq, 1998.221,10.
- Barrier, E., Machhour, L., & Blaizot, M. (2014). Petroleum systems of Syria.
- Baur, O., Sneeuw, N., & Grafarend, E. W. (2008). Methodology and use of tensor invariants for satellite gravity gradiometry. Journal of Geodesy, 82(4-5), 279-293.
- Bonvalot S, Balmino G, Briais A, Kuhn M, Peyrefitte A, Vales N, Biancale R, Gabalda G, Reinquin F, Sarrailh M (2012). World gravity map. Commission for the Geological Map of the World. Eds. BGI-CGMW-CNES-IRD, Paris.
- Bouman, J., Ebbing, J., Fuchs, M., Schmidt, M., Bosch, W., Schwatke, C., ... & Schavemaker, Y. (2011). Heterogeneous gravity data combination for Earth interior and geophysical exploration research. In Proceedings GOCE User Workshop 2011.
- Dogru, F. (2021). Exploring of Invariants and Euler Deconvolution of Eastern Part of Black Sea: Geofizika, [in press].
- Ebbing, J., Bouman, J., & Skaar, J. A. (2015). The use of gravity gradients and invariants for geophysical modelling-Example from airborne and satellite data. In International Workshop and Gravity, Electrical & Magnetic Methods and their Applications, Chenghu, China, 19-22 April 2015 (pp. 177-180). Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Chinese Geophysical Society.
- Förste, C., Bruinsma, S. L., Abrikosov, O., Lemoine, J. M., Schaller, T., Götze, H. J., ... & Biancale, R. (2014). EIGEN-6C4 The latest combined global gravity field model including GOCE data up to degree and order 2190 of GFZ Potsdam and GRGS Toulouse. GFZ Data Services.
- Gilardoni, M., Reguzzoni, M., Sampietro, D. (2016). GECO: a global gravity model by locally combining GOCE data and EGM2008. Stud Geophys Geod 60:228–247.
- Gullu, A., Yaşar, E., Özdemir, A. (2021). Türkiye’deki Petrol ve Doğalgaz Sondaj Kuyularının Optimizasyonu. European Journal of Science and Technology, 27, 398-406.
- Jassim, S.Z., and M. Al-Gailani, 2006, Hydrocarbons, chapter 18, in Jassim, S.Z., and J.C. Goff, eds., Geology of Iraq, first edition: Brno, Czech Republic, Prague and Moravian Museum, p. 232-250.
- Liang, W., Li, J., Xu, X., Zhang, S., & Zhao, Y. (2020). A High-Resolution Earth’s Gravity Field Model SGG-UGM-2 from GOCE, GRACE, Satellite Altimetry, and EGM2008. Engineering, 6(8), 860-878.
- Mayer-Gürr, T., Behzadpur, S., Ellmer, M., Kvas, A., Klinger, B., Strasser, S., Zehentner, N. (2018). ITSG-Grace2018 - Monthly, Daily and Static Gravity Field Solutions from GRACE. GFZ Data Services.
- Murphy, C. A. and Dickinson, J. L. (2009). Exploring exploration play models with FTG gravity data, in: 11th SAGA Biennial Technical Meeting and Exhibition, Swaziland, 16–18 September 2009, 89–91.
- Oruç, B. (2010). Depth estimation of simple causative sources from gravity gradient tensor invariants and vertical component. Pure and applied geophysics, 167(10), 12.
- Oruç, B., Sertçelik, İ., Kafadar, Ö., & Selim, H. H. (2013). Structural interpretation of the Erzurum Basin, eastern Turkey, using curvature gravity gradient tensor and gravity inversion of basement relief. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 88, 105-113.59-1272.
- Oruç, B. (2011). Enhancement of linear features from gravity anomalies by using curvature gradient tensor matrix. In 6th Congress of the Balkan Geophysical Society (pp. cp-262). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.
- Pavlis, N. K., Holmes, S. A., Kenyon, S. C., & Factor, J. K. (2008). The EGM2008 global gravitational model. In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2008, pp. G22A-01).
- Seyitoğlu, G., Esat, K., and Kaypak, B. (2017). The neotectonics of southeast Turkey, northern Syria, and Iraq: the internal structure of the Southeast Anatolian Wedge and its relationship with recent earthquakes. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 26(2), 105-126.
- Zingerle, P., Pail, R., Gruber, T., & Oikonomidou, X. (2020). The combined global gravity field model XGM2019e. Journal of Geodesy, 94(7), 1-12.
Abstract
The region, which covers the northeast of Syria and the northwest of Iraq in the south of the Bitlis-Zagros Suture Belt, which was formed as a result of the collision of the Arabian and Eurasian plates during the Middle Miocene and Early Late Miocene, has a very important position in the world in terms of hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon exploration activities require enormous labour and cost. It is aimed to show that the locations of the known hydrocarbon fields in the region coincide with the maximum values of the gravity tensor invariant with this study. In this way, it is aimed to show that both the working area can be narrowed and the cost can be reduced by applying this method beforehand in similar regions. For this purpose, World Gravity Map 2012 global model gravity data, which is one of the most up-to-date satellite-based gravity data used by many researchers recently, was used. First of all, the spherical free air and complete spherical Bouguer gravity data were analyzed and then the potential was obtained by taking the vertical integration of the complete spherical Bouguer data. Tensors were calculated by using this potential data and gravity tensor invariant was calculated from tensors. When the gravity tensor invariant map is examined, it is observed that the areas with the maximum positive values observed and the locations of the known oil wells are mostly compatible throughout the area. As a result, it would be very beneficial to apply this method for the region first for such high-cost studies.
References
- Abdula, R. (2010). Petroleum source rock analysis of the Jurassic Sargelu Formation. Northern Iraq: Master’s thesis, Colorado School of Mines.
- Aksoy, M. (2016). Dünyanın enerji görünümü: Insamer Araştırma 25, 32.
- Al-Zubaidi, A.A., and Al-Zebari, A.Y., 1998, Prospects for production and marketing of Iraq’s heavy oil: Ministry of Oil, State Oil Marketing, Baghdad, Iraq, 1998.221,10.
- Barrier, E., Machhour, L., & Blaizot, M. (2014). Petroleum systems of Syria.
- Baur, O., Sneeuw, N., & Grafarend, E. W. (2008). Methodology and use of tensor invariants for satellite gravity gradiometry. Journal of Geodesy, 82(4-5), 279-293.
- Bonvalot S, Balmino G, Briais A, Kuhn M, Peyrefitte A, Vales N, Biancale R, Gabalda G, Reinquin F, Sarrailh M (2012). World gravity map. Commission for the Geological Map of the World. Eds. BGI-CGMW-CNES-IRD, Paris.
- Bouman, J., Ebbing, J., Fuchs, M., Schmidt, M., Bosch, W., Schwatke, C., ... & Schavemaker, Y. (2011). Heterogeneous gravity data combination for Earth interior and geophysical exploration research. In Proceedings GOCE User Workshop 2011.
- Dogru, F. (2021). Exploring of Invariants and Euler Deconvolution of Eastern Part of Black Sea: Geofizika, [in press].
- Ebbing, J., Bouman, J., & Skaar, J. A. (2015). The use of gravity gradients and invariants for geophysical modelling-Example from airborne and satellite data. In International Workshop and Gravity, Electrical & Magnetic Methods and their Applications, Chenghu, China, 19-22 April 2015 (pp. 177-180). Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Chinese Geophysical Society.
- Förste, C., Bruinsma, S. L., Abrikosov, O., Lemoine, J. M., Schaller, T., Götze, H. J., ... & Biancale, R. (2014). EIGEN-6C4 The latest combined global gravity field model including GOCE data up to degree and order 2190 of GFZ Potsdam and GRGS Toulouse. GFZ Data Services.
- Gilardoni, M., Reguzzoni, M., Sampietro, D. (2016). GECO: a global gravity model by locally combining GOCE data and EGM2008. Stud Geophys Geod 60:228–247.
- Gullu, A., Yaşar, E., Özdemir, A. (2021). Türkiye’deki Petrol ve Doğalgaz Sondaj Kuyularının Optimizasyonu. European Journal of Science and Technology, 27, 398-406.
- Jassim, S.Z., and M. Al-Gailani, 2006, Hydrocarbons, chapter 18, in Jassim, S.Z., and J.C. Goff, eds., Geology of Iraq, first edition: Brno, Czech Republic, Prague and Moravian Museum, p. 232-250.
- Liang, W., Li, J., Xu, X., Zhang, S., & Zhao, Y. (2020). A High-Resolution Earth’s Gravity Field Model SGG-UGM-2 from GOCE, GRACE, Satellite Altimetry, and EGM2008. Engineering, 6(8), 860-878.
- Mayer-Gürr, T., Behzadpur, S., Ellmer, M., Kvas, A., Klinger, B., Strasser, S., Zehentner, N. (2018). ITSG-Grace2018 - Monthly, Daily and Static Gravity Field Solutions from GRACE. GFZ Data Services.
- Murphy, C. A. and Dickinson, J. L. (2009). Exploring exploration play models with FTG gravity data, in: 11th SAGA Biennial Technical Meeting and Exhibition, Swaziland, 16–18 September 2009, 89–91.
- Oruç, B. (2010). Depth estimation of simple causative sources from gravity gradient tensor invariants and vertical component. Pure and applied geophysics, 167(10), 12.
- Oruç, B., Sertçelik, İ., Kafadar, Ö., & Selim, H. H. (2013). Structural interpretation of the Erzurum Basin, eastern Turkey, using curvature gravity gradient tensor and gravity inversion of basement relief. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 88, 105-113.59-1272.
- Oruç, B. (2011). Enhancement of linear features from gravity anomalies by using curvature gradient tensor matrix. In 6th Congress of the Balkan Geophysical Society (pp. cp-262). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.
- Pavlis, N. K., Holmes, S. A., Kenyon, S. C., & Factor, J. K. (2008). The EGM2008 global gravitational model. In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2008, pp. G22A-01).
- Seyitoğlu, G., Esat, K., and Kaypak, B. (2017). The neotectonics of southeast Turkey, northern Syria, and Iraq: the internal structure of the Southeast Anatolian Wedge and its relationship with recent earthquakes. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 26(2), 105-126.
- Zingerle, P., Pail, R., Gruber, T., & Oikonomidou, X. (2020). The combined global gravity field model XGM2019e. Journal of Geodesy, 94(7), 1-12.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 23, 2021 |
| Submission Date | October 6, 2021 |
| Acceptance Date | December 3, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 |
