BİR GRUP ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİSİNİN KORONAVİRÜS-19 FOBİSİ DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 36 - 41, 13.09.2023

Bircan Kolçak , Emel Külekçi , Kübra Aymelek Hacıosmanoğlu , Fazilet Tamer

Abstract

Giriş: COVID-19 pandemisi, toplumun her kesiminden insanın rutinini değiştirmiş, kaygı ve endişeler nedeniyle fobik tepkilere yol açmıştır. COVID-19 nedeniyle üniversite öğrencilerinde de fobik reaksiyonlar meydana gelmiş olabilir. Bu çalışmada üniversite öğrencilerinde COVID-19 fobisinin belirlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metod: Çalışma, Temmuz-Ağustos 2020 tarihleri arasında Ankara ilinde bulunan özel bir üniversitenin sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokuluna kayıtlı 247 öğrenci üzerinde yapılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak 8 sorudan oluşan veri toplama formu ve COVID-19 Fobi Ölçeği (C19P-S) kullanıldı. Toplanan veriler SPSS for Windows istatistik yazılımı ile analiz edildi. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p<0.05 olarak kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin %81,8'i il merkezlerinde yaşamakta ve %16,2'sinin kronik hastalığı bulunmaktadır. Katılımcıların %1,2'sine COVID-19 teşhisi kondu, %20,6'sına COVID-19 teşhisi konan arkadaş ve akrabaları vardı ve %3,6'sı COVID-19 nedeniyle arkadaş ve akrabalarını kaybetti. Katılımcıların koronavirüs fobisi orta düzeyde (54,51±16,97) olup en yüksek puan C19P-S'nin psikolojik alt ölçeğindedir. C19P-S puanları il merkezlerinde yaşayan, arkadaş ve akrabalarında COVID-19 tanısı olan ve COVID-19 hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmayan öğrencilerin daha yüksekti.
Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemisi psikolojik ve sosyal açıdan fobik reaksiyonlara yol açabilmektedir. Koronavirüs fobisinin ruh sağlığı ve akademik başarı üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerinden korunmak için üniversite öğrencilerine psikolojik ve sosyal destek sağlanmalıdır.

Keywords

covid 19, fobi, eğitim, üniversite, ruh sağlığı

DETERMINING THE CORONAVIRUS-19 PHOBIA LEVEL OF A GROUP OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Abstract

İntroduction: COVID-19 pandemic changed the routine of people from all segments of the society and resulted with phobic reactions due to anxiety and concerns. Phobic reactions may also have occurred in university students due to COVID-19. This study aimed to determine and evaluate the phobia of COVID-19 among the university students.
Material and Methods: The study was conducted between July and August 2020 on 247 students that were enrolled to the vocational school of health services of a private university in Ankara, Turkey. Data collection form that included 8 questions and the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S) were used for data collection. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS for Windows statistical software. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: 81.8% of the participant students lived in provincial centers and 16.2% had chronical diseases. 1.2% of the participants were diagnosed with COVID-19, 20.6% had friends and relatives diagnosed with COVID-19 and 3.6% lost their friends and relatives due to COVID-19. Coronavirus phobia of the participants was at medium level (54.51±16.97), with the highest score in the psychological subscale of the C19P-S. C19P-S scores were higher for the students, who lived in provincial centers, had friends and relatives diagnosed with COVID-19, and did not have adequate information about COVID-19.
Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic may lead to phobic reactions in psychological and social terms. Psychological and social support should be provided to the university students in order to avoid the negative effects of coronavirus phobia on their mental health and academic success.

Keywords

covid 19, phobia, education, university, mental health

References

• 1. Wickramasinghe NC, Steele EJ, Gorczynski RM, Temple R, Tokoro G, Wallis DH, et al. Growing evidence against global infection-driven by personto- person transfer of COVID-19. Virol Curr Res. 2020;4(1). https://doi. org/10.37421/Virol Curr Res.2020.4.110
• 2. World Health Organization. COVID-19 significantly impacts health services for noncommunicable diseases; 2020. Availible at: https://www.who.int/newsroom/detail/01-06-2020-covid-19-significantly-impacts-health-services-fornoncommunicable-diseases
• 3. Duan L, Zhu G. Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):300–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30073-0
• 4. Li W, Yang Y, Liu, ZH, Zhao YJ, Zhang Q, Zhang L, et al. Progression of mental health services during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Int J Biol Sci.2020;16(10):1732. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.45120
• 5. Wang C, Cheng Z, Yue XG, McAleer M. Risk management of COVID-19 by universities in China. In: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. 2020;13(36). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13020036
• 6. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. American Psychiatric Association. Arlington VA.; 2013. p. 612–613. Available at: https://repository.poltekkes-kaltim.ac.id/657/1/Diagnostic%20and%20statistical%20 manual%20of%20mental%20disorders%20_%20DSM-5%20(%20PDFDrive. com%20).pdf
• 7. Butcher JN, Mineka S, Hooley JM. Abnormal psychology. India: PearsonEducation; 2017.
• 8. Colorado EE. A mixed-method study of aid workers in Sierra Leone during the 2014-2015 ebola epidemic: exploring psychological distress, trauma, resilience, and coping the Chicago School of Professional Psychology; 2017. Availible at: https://search.proquest.com/docview/2014377787?pq-origsite=gs cholar&fromopenview=true
• 9. Liu T, Chen X, Miao G, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Cheung T. Recommendations on diagnostic criteria and prevention of SARS-related mental disorders. J Clin Psychol Med. 2003;13(3):188–191.
• 10. Qi J, Yang X, Tan R, Wu X, Zhou X. Prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression among adolescents over 1 year after the Jiuzhaigou earthquake. J Affect Disord. 2020;261:1–8. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.071
• 11. Arpaci I, Karataş K, Baloğlu M. The development and initial tests for the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). Pers Individ Dif. 2020;164:110108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110108
• 12. Zhao, Kong F, Nam E. W. Relationship between eHealth, perceived risk, and phobia of COVID-19 among Chinese university students in Korea and China. Health Soc Care Community. 2023;2755354:12. https://doi. org/10.1155/2023/2755354
• 13. Lee H, Kong F, Yuasa M, Aung MN, Shirayama Y, Zhao B, et al. COVID-19 Phobia among Korean, Chinese, and Japanese students: an international comparative study. Heliyon. 2023;9(4)). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15275
• 14. Gao J, Zheng P, Jia Y, Chen H, Mao Y, Chen S, et al. Mental health problems and social media exposure during COVID-19 outbreak. Plos One. 2020;15(4):e0231924. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231924
• 15. Sahu P. Closure of universities due to coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19): impact on education and mental health of students and academic staff. Cureus. 2020;12(4). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7541
• 16. Lim M. Educating despite the Covid-19 outbreak: Lessons from Singapore. Times Higher Education, 20. 2020. Availible at: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/blog/educating-despite-covid-19-outbreak-lessonssingapore
• 17. Al-Rabiaah A, Temsah MH, Al-Eyadhy AA, Hasan GM, Al-Zamil F, Al- Subaie S, et al. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus (MERSCoV) associated stress among medical students at a university teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia. J Infect Public Health. 2020;13:687–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.01.005
• 18. Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Mei Han, Xinrong Xu, Jiaxin Dong, et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Res. 2020;287:112934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. psychres.2020.112934
• 19. Chen Q, Liang M, Li Y, Guo J, Fei D, Wang L, et al. Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):e15–e16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30078-X
• 20. Li S, Wang Y, Yang Y, Lei X, Yang Y. Analysis of influencing factors of anxiety and emotional disorders in children and adolescents during home isolation during the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia. Chinese J Child Health. 2020;28(3):1–9.
• 21. Yang Y, Li W, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Cheung T, Xiang YT. Mental health services for older adults in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):e19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30079-1
• 22. Zhai Y, Du X. Mental health care for international Chinese students affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):e22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30089-4
• 23. Salman M, Mustafa ZU, Javaid AW, Shehzadi N, Mallhi TH, Khan YH, et al. Assessment of corona-phobia in university students with the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S): A cross-sectional analysis. Salud Mental. 2022;45(5):253–260. https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2022.032
• 24. Kmietowicz Z. Rules on isolation rooms for suspected covid-19 cases in GP surgeries to be relaxed. In: British Medical Journal Publishing Group; 2020. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m707
• 25. Xiao C. A novel approach of consultation on 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19)-related psychological and mental problems: structured letter therapy. Psychiatry Investig. 2020;17(2):175–176. Availible at: https://doi. org/10.30773/pi.2020.0047
• 26. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). People with Certain Medical Conditions. 2020. Availible at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/ need-extra-precautions/people-with-medical-conditions.html
• 27. Wang F, Zhang L, Ding L, Wang L, Deng Y. Fear of COVID-19 among college students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health.2022;10:846894. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.846894
• 28. Goulia P, Mantas C, Dimitroula D, Mantis D, Hyphantis T. General hospital staff worries, perceived sufficiency of information and associatedpsychological distress during the A/H1N1 influenza pandemic. BMC Infect Dis. 2010;10(1):322. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-10-322