Review on Trypanosomiasis and their prevalence in ruminants

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 12 - 31, 13.04.2022

Muhammad Tariq , Muhammad Sohaib Khan , Muhammad Mubashir , Muhammad Safdar , Mehmet Özaslan , Zahid Farooq , Muhammad Arif Rizwan , Muhammad Kaleem , Qudrat Ullahd , Faisal Siddique , Yasmeen Junejo

Abstract

Trypanosoma is a protozoan infection that has the potential to harm both humans and animals in practically every corner of the world. Cattle, buffaloes, sheep, and goats, including members of the family Camelidae, are among the ruminants that may be infected with the pathogen. The economic impact of this condition in various countries throughout the world was evaluated in this review research, which ran from 2018 to 2022. Iran, Syria, Iraq, Eastern Thailand, Nicaragua, Central Africa, Nigeria, Uganda, Indonesia, Philippines, Ecuador, Brazil, and Saudi Arabia were among the countries where the disease was studied in depth. In Pakistan, it is dire need to investigate it in wide range. In addition to the differences in diagnostic procedures, including blood smears, buffy coat smears, giemsa stained, serological testing, hematocrit centrifugation, and molecular analysis, PCR are used in these countries, the prevalence of trypanosoma is also different in each of these countries. In the United States, the prevalence of trypanosoma is the same as it is in other countries. In the current research, an investigation on the distribution and prevalence of trypanosoma infection in various countries was carried out using information from previously published research. The published literature from 2000 to 2022 was gathered using Google Scholar and PubMed. A total of 16 papers were published between 2018 and 2022 that looked at the frequency and distribution of trypnosoma infection around the world. According to published data, camel trypanosomiasis is more common in Saudi Arabia than in other countries, and PCR is used to diagnose the disease in approximately 85 percent of clinical and non-clinical cases. As a result, accurate diagnostic tests should be used to initiate or maintain quick medication or management of the condition, since failure to do so in the early stages may result in high mortality.

Keywords

Trypanosomiasis, ruminants, Review

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