Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Yeni Tarım Arabaları için Farklı Malzemelerden Yapılan Modern Yaprak Yayların Gerilme Analizi

Year 2024, , 25 - 34, 27.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.33724/zm.1402086

Abstract

Traktörler, çeki gerektiren çeşitli tarımsal işlemlerde kullanılabilmektedir. Tüm bu taşıma işleri artık mekanize işletmelerde, traktörün arkasına takılan arabalar kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmektedir. Uygulamada taşıma koşulları ürüne bağlı olarak önemli ölçüde değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu nedenle günümüzde farklı taşıma kapasiteli tarım arabalarının tasarım özellikleri, malzeme bilimindeki teknolojik gelişmeler, taşıma gereksinimleri ve tarımsal uygulamalardaki ağırlık taşıma ihtiyaçları ile değişmektedir. Günümüzde bilgisayar destekli tasarım, bilgisayar destekli mühendisliğin ayrılmaz bir parçası haline gelmiş ve sonlu elemanlar analiz metodolojisi ile birçok malzemenin üretim öncesinde değerlendirilmesine olanak sağlamıştır. Bu nedenle, bu teknik araştırmanın odak noktası, modern yöntemler kullanılarak üretilen çelik, çelik alaşımı ve karbon çeliği malzemelerine dayalı yeni yaprak yay özellikleridir. Tarımda traktörlerin ana kullanım alanlarından biri çekme işidir. Uygulamada sadece tarım makinelerinin değil, tarım işletmelerinin vazgeçilmezi olan çeşitli tiplerdeki tarım arabalarının da çekilmesi önemli bir kullanım alanıdır. Tarım arabalarında ağırlık taşıma gibi koşullar kullanım amacına göre değişmekle birlikte tasarımları da farklılık göstermektedir. Bu nedenle modern yöntemlerle üretilen ve günümüz tarım koşullarına daha uygun olan 20 – 40-ton taşıma kapasiteleri için çelik, çelik alaşımı ve karbon çeliği malzemelerden üretilen yeni yaprak yayların ve ağır yük arabalarının özelliklerinin belirlenmesi bu çalışmanın odak noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Çelik, çelik alaşımı ve karbon çeliği malzemelerden elde edilen sonuçlara göre karbon çeliği malzeme için maksimum Von Mises geriliminin 200000 N yük altında 5868,48 MPa olduğu, karbon çeliği malzeme için ise maksimum yer değiştirmenin 200000 N yük altında 15,4907 mm olduğu bulunmuştur. Tüm malzemeler için karbon malzeme ve 200000 N yük altında maksimum güvenlik faktörü 15 ul olarak bulunmuştur. Ek olarak, 100000 N’un altında karbon çeliği ve çelik alaşımının yer değiştirme değerlerinin, malzeme sırasının normal davranışından farklı olduğu görülebilir. Bilgisayar destekli tasarım ve analiz, tarımsal taşıma uygulamalarının taşıma ağırlığı gereksinimlerinin artmasına bağlı olarak modern yaprak yayları ortaya çıkmıştır. Dolayısıyla, tarım arabaları için modern yaprak yay üretimi için değerlendirilen tüm malzemeler arasında karbon çeliği malzemenin değerlendirilecek son malzeme olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

References

  • Anonymous, (2024). Legal Speed Limits That Vehicles Must Follow in Türkiye. https://www.kgm.gov.tr/Sayfalar/KGM/SiteTr/Trafik/HizSinirlari.aspx, Accessed 08 April 2024.
  • Anonymous, (2023a). 40-ton two-axle back dump trolley. https://tr.made-in-china.com/co_luckinvehicle/product_2-Axles-40-Tons-Side-Wall-Full-Trailer-Box-Stake-Fence-Trailer-Drawbar-Fence-for-Agricultural-Farm-Transport-Cargo-Truck-Trailer-Tractor-Trailer-Full-Trailer_ysnsrsigug.html, Accessed 20 April 2023.
  • Anonymous, (2023b). Agricultural Water Tanks. TS 3414, Turkish Standards Institute, Ministries, Ankara.
  • Dhoshi, N.P., Ingole, N.K. and Gulhane, U.D. (2011). Analysis and modification of leaf spring of tractor trailer using analytical and finite element method. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research, 1(2): 719-722.
  • EU, (2003). Directive 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (repealed). https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudr/2003/37/resources, Accessed 11 March 2024.
  • Gaylo, R., Farahani, S., Schmueser, D. and Pilla, S. (2020). Optimization of a mono-composite leaf spring using a hybrid fiber-layup approach. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing, 14: 407-421.
  • Kadayıfçılar, S., (1993). Design Basics of Tractor Trolleys. Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Publications: 1297, Book No: 373
  • Krishan, K. and Aggarwal, M.L. (2012). A finite element approach for analysis of a multi leaf spring using CAE tools. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2277, 2502.
  • Kueh, J.T.J. and Faris, T. (2012). Finite element analysis on the static and fatigue characteristics of composite multi-leaf spring. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 13: 159-164.
  • Kumar, M.S. and Vijayarangan, S. (2007). Analytical and experimental studies on fatigue life prediction of steel and composite multi-leaf spring for light passenger vehicles using life data analysis. Materials Science, 13(2): 141-146.
  • Ravindra, P., Raman, M. and Sanjay, B. (2014). Modeling and analysis of carbon fiber epoxy based leaf spring under the static load condition by using FEA. International Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering, 2(4): 39-42.
  • Shakti, P. (2017). Vehicle Leaf Spring Design, Analysis and Comparison by Using E-Glass/Epoxy and Steel 65Si7. International Journal of Innovative Science Engineering and Technology, 4(1): 105-110.
  • Shokrieh, M.M. and Rezaei, D. (2003). Analysis and optimization of a composite leaf spring. Composite Structures, 60(3): 317-325.
  • Skrtz, A., and Paszek, T. (2003). Three dimensional contact analysis of the car leaf spring. Numerical methods in continuum mechanics, 7(4): 115-124.

Stress Analysis of Modern Leaf Springs Made by Different Materials for New Agricultural Trolleys

Year 2024, , 25 - 34, 27.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.33724/zm.1402086

Abstract

Tractors can be used in a variety of agricultural operations that require towing. All these transportation tasks are now carried out in mechanized enterprises using trolleys attached to the back of the tractor. In practice, transport conditions vary significantly depending on the product. Because of this reason, nowadays the design properties of tractor trolleys with different capacities change with technological advances in material science and carrying requirements, as well as weight carry needs in agricultural applications. Today, computer-aided design has become an integral part of computer-aided engineering and has made it possible to evaluate many materials before production with the finite element analysis methodology. Because of this reason, the focus of this technical research was on the new leaf spring properties based on steel, steel alloy, and carbon steel materials manufactured using modern methods. One of the main uses of tractors in agriculture is pulling. In practice, pulling not only agricultural machines but also various types of agricultural trolleys that are indispensable for agricultural enterprises is an important area of use. Conditions such as carrying weight in agricultural trolleys vary depending on the purpose of use and their designs are also different. For this reason, determining the properties of new leaf springs based on steel, steel alloy, and carbon steel materials produced using modern methods and more suitable for today’s agricultural conditions and heavy-weight trolleys is the focus of this study. According to the results obtained from steel, steel alloy, and carbon steel materials for 20- and 40-tons carrying capacities, it is found that the maximum Von Mises stress is 5868.48 MPa under 200000 N load for carbon steel material, also the maximum displacement is 15.4907 mm under 200000 N load for carbon steel material and maximum safety factor under 15 ul 200000 N load for all materials. Additionally, under 100000 N, the order of carbon steel and steel alloy displacement values are different from the regular behaviour of the materials order. Computer-aided design and analysis revealed modern leaf springs based on the increase in the carrying weight requirements of agricultural carrying applications. So, based on the results carbon steel material is the last material to be evaluated among all evaluated materials for the modern leaf springs production for agricultural trolleys.

References

  • Anonymous, (2024). Legal Speed Limits That Vehicles Must Follow in Türkiye. https://www.kgm.gov.tr/Sayfalar/KGM/SiteTr/Trafik/HizSinirlari.aspx, Accessed 08 April 2024.
  • Anonymous, (2023a). 40-ton two-axle back dump trolley. https://tr.made-in-china.com/co_luckinvehicle/product_2-Axles-40-Tons-Side-Wall-Full-Trailer-Box-Stake-Fence-Trailer-Drawbar-Fence-for-Agricultural-Farm-Transport-Cargo-Truck-Trailer-Tractor-Trailer-Full-Trailer_ysnsrsigug.html, Accessed 20 April 2023.
  • Anonymous, (2023b). Agricultural Water Tanks. TS 3414, Turkish Standards Institute, Ministries, Ankara.
  • Dhoshi, N.P., Ingole, N.K. and Gulhane, U.D. (2011). Analysis and modification of leaf spring of tractor trailer using analytical and finite element method. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research, 1(2): 719-722.
  • EU, (2003). Directive 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (repealed). https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudr/2003/37/resources, Accessed 11 March 2024.
  • Gaylo, R., Farahani, S., Schmueser, D. and Pilla, S. (2020). Optimization of a mono-composite leaf spring using a hybrid fiber-layup approach. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing, 14: 407-421.
  • Kadayıfçılar, S., (1993). Design Basics of Tractor Trolleys. Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Publications: 1297, Book No: 373
  • Krishan, K. and Aggarwal, M.L. (2012). A finite element approach for analysis of a multi leaf spring using CAE tools. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2277, 2502.
  • Kueh, J.T.J. and Faris, T. (2012). Finite element analysis on the static and fatigue characteristics of composite multi-leaf spring. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 13: 159-164.
  • Kumar, M.S. and Vijayarangan, S. (2007). Analytical and experimental studies on fatigue life prediction of steel and composite multi-leaf spring for light passenger vehicles using life data analysis. Materials Science, 13(2): 141-146.
  • Ravindra, P., Raman, M. and Sanjay, B. (2014). Modeling and analysis of carbon fiber epoxy based leaf spring under the static load condition by using FEA. International Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering, 2(4): 39-42.
  • Shakti, P. (2017). Vehicle Leaf Spring Design, Analysis and Comparison by Using E-Glass/Epoxy and Steel 65Si7. International Journal of Innovative Science Engineering and Technology, 4(1): 105-110.
  • Shokrieh, M.M. and Rezaei, D. (2003). Analysis and optimization of a composite leaf spring. Composite Structures, 60(3): 317-325.
  • Skrtz, A., and Paszek, T. (2003). Three dimensional contact analysis of the car leaf spring. Numerical methods in continuum mechanics, 7(4): 115-124.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Abdullah Beyaz 0000-0002-7329-1318

Veysel Gül 0000-0002-9345-8613

Early Pub Date June 25, 2024
Publication Date June 27, 2024
Submission Date December 8, 2023
Acceptance Date April 24, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Beyaz, A., & Gül, V. (2024). Stress Analysis of Modern Leaf Springs Made by Different Materials for New Agricultural Trolleys. Ziraat Mühendisliği(379), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.33724/zm.1402086