Araştırma Makalesi
Çukurova bölgesi ana ürün koşullarında yetiştirilen bazı yerfıstığı çeşitlerinin tokoferol içeriklerinin belirlenmesi
Öz
Tokoferoller; yağda çözünebilen antioksidanlardır. Bitkisel yağlar içerisinde yerfıstığı yağı tokoferol bakımından oldukça yüksek değerlere sahiptir. Yüksek oleik asit içeren yağların, yüksek sıcaklıklarda dayanıklılığını artıran en önemli etken madde, içeriğinde bulunan tokoferollerdir. Bu çalışma; Çukurova bölgesinde ana ürün koşullarında yetiştirilen yerfıstığı çeşitlerinin (Brantley, Wilson, NC-7, Batem-5025, Osmaniye 2005, Halisbey, Flower-22, Flower-32, Georgia Green, Flower-36 ve Florispan) tokoferol içeriklerini kromatografik teknik kullanarak belirlemek amacıyla 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Denemeye alınan yerfıstığı çeşitlerine ait yağlardaki alfa tokoferol değerlerinin 19,6-3,3 mg/100g, beta tokoferol değerlerinin 0,6-0,2 mg/100g, gama tokoferol değerlerinin 12,6-6,8mg/100g ve delta tokoferol değerlerinin ise 1,3-0,7 mg/100g arasında değişim gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonuncu, tokoferol içerikleri açısından yerfıstığı çeşitler arasında geniş bir varyasyonun olduğu saptanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Anonim. 2016. www.makaleler.com/yer-fıstığı-kullanımı-ve-faydaları. 12.02.2018 Arıoğlu H.H. 2014. Yağ bitkileri yetiştirme ve ıslahı, C.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Kitapları Yayın No: A-70, C.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Ofset Atölyesi, Adana, 204s. Ball G.F.M., Ratcliff P.W.J. 1978. The analysis of tocopherols in corn oil and bacon fat by thin‐layer chromatography and spot density measurement. Food Technol., 13: 433. Beardsell D., Francis J., Ridley D. 2002. Health promoting constituents in plant derived edible oils. J. Food Lipids, 9(1): 1-34 Burton G.W., Ingold K.U. 1989. Vitamin E as an in vitro and in vivo antioxidant. Ann. NY Acad Sci., 570: 7-22. Burton G.W., Traber M.G. 1990. Vitamin E: Antioxidant activity, biokinetics, and bio availability. Annual Review of Nutrition, 10: 357-382 Canavar Ö. 2015. The influence of storage time on fatty acid, tocopherol and seed quality of peanut. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops and Foods, 7(2): 165-174. Chowdhury F.N., Hossain D., Hosen M., Rahman S. 2015. Comparative study on chemical composition of five varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogeae L.). World J. of Agricultural Science, 11(5): 247-254. Chun J., Ye L., Lee J., Eitenmiller R.R. 2003. Effect of peanut butter manufacture on vitamin E. J. Food Sci., 68: 2211-2214. Chun J., Lee J., Eitenmiller R.R. 2005. Vitamin E and oxidative stability during storage of raw and dry roasted peanuts packaged under air and vacuum. J. Food Sci., 70(4): 292-297. Duru S., Konuskan, D. 2014. Bitkisel Yağlarda Oleik Asit Miktarının Arttırılması ve Yağ Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri. Gıda/The Journal of Food, 39 (6): doi: 10.15237/gida.GD14026. Firestone D. 1999. Physical and chemical characteristics of oils, fats and waxes. AOCS Press. Gimeno E., Castellote A.I., Lamuela-Ravento´s R.M., De La Torre M.C., Lo´pez-Sabater M.C. 2002. The effects of harvest and extraction methods on the antioxidant content (phenolics, a-tocopherol, and b-carotene) in virgin olive oil. Food Chemistry, 78: 207-211. Hamamcıoğlu A.C. 2017. Diyabette oksidatif stres ve antioksidanların rolü. Türkiye Diyabet ve Obezite Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity, 1: 7-13. Hashim I.B., Koehler P.E., Eitenmiller R.R. 1993. Tocopherols in runner and virginia peanut cultivars at various maturity stages. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 70: 633-635. Isleib T.G., Pattee H.E., Sanders T.H., Hendrix K.W., Dean L.O 2006. Compositional and sensory comparisons between normal- and high-oleic peanuts. J. Agric. Food Chem., 54: 1759-1763. Jonnala R.S., Dunford N.T., Dashiell K.E. 2006. Tocopherol, phytosterol and phospholipid compositions of new high oleic peanut cultivars. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 19 (6-7): 601-605. Lavendrine F., Ravel A., Poupard A., Alary J. 1997. Effect of geographic origin, variety and storage on tocopherol concentrations in walnuts by HPLC. Food Chem. 58(1-2): 135-140. Onat B., Bakal H., Güllüoğlu L., Arıoğlu H. 2016. The effects of row spacing and plant density on yield and yield components of peanut grown as a double crop in mediterranean environment in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 22 (1): 71-80. Park M.R., Baek S.H., Cheong Y.K., Lee M.C., Choi K.G., Yun S.J. 2001. Tocopherol content and composition in peanut. Korean J. Crop Sci., 46 (4): 279-283. Rigotti A. 2007. Absorption, transport and tissue delivery of vitamin E. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 28: 423-36. Sevim D. 2011. Antioksidanlar ve zeytinyağı. Zeytin Bilimi, 1(1): 43-47. Surai P.F., Noble R.C., Speake B.K. 1996. Tissue-specific differences in antioxidant distribution and susceptibility to lipid peroxidation during development of the chick embryo. Biochim Biophysica Acta., 1304(1): 1-10. Surai P.F. 2000. Effect of selenium and vitamin E content of the maternal diet on the antioxidant system of the yolk and the developing chick. Brit Poult Sci., 41: 235-243. Sturm P.A., Parkhurst R.M., Skinner W.A. 1966. Quantitative determination of individual tocopherols by thin layer chromatographic separation and spectrophotometry. Anal. Chem., 38: 1244-1247 Tarrago-Trani M.T., Phillips K.M., Lemar L.E., Holden J.M. 2006. New and existing oils and fats used in products with reduced trans-fatty acid content. J Am. Diet Assoc., 106 (6): 867-880 Warner K., Miller J., Demurin Y. 2008. Oxidative stability of crude mid-oleic sunflower oils from seeds with high γ- ve δ- tocopherol levels. J Am. Oil Chem Soc., 85 (6): 529-533 Zheljazkov V.D., Vick B.A., Baldwin B.S., Buehring N., Coker C., Astatkie T., Johnson B. 2011. Oil productivity and composition of sunflower as a function of hybrid and planting date. Ind. Crops Prod., 33: 537-543.
The determination of Tocopherol composition of some peanut cultivars grown in main crop growing conditions in Cukurova Region
Öz
Tocopherols are oil-soluble antioxidants and the
peanut oil contains high amount of tocopherol within the vegetable oils. This study was conducted to determine
the tocopherol composition by chromatographic analysis of some peanuts varieties grown in Cukurova region in main
crop growing conditions in 2013 and 2014. The Brantley, Wilson, NC-7,
Batem-5025, Osmaniye 2005, Halisbey, Flower-22, Flower-32, Georgia Green,
Flower-36 and Florispan varieties were used as a plant material in this
research. Alfa, beta, gamma and delta tocopherol contents of the peanut
cultivars varied between 19.6-3.3 mg/100 g, 0.6-0.2 mg/100
g, 12.6-6.8 mg/100 g and 1.3-0.7 mg/100 g, respectively. The results showed
that there was a large variation for the tocopherol content between the peanut
cultivars.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Anonim. 2016. www.makaleler.com/yer-fıstığı-kullanımı-ve-faydaları. 12.02.2018 Arıoğlu H.H. 2014. Yağ bitkileri yetiştirme ve ıslahı, C.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Kitapları Yayın No: A-70, C.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Ofset Atölyesi, Adana, 204s. Ball G.F.M., Ratcliff P.W.J. 1978. The analysis of tocopherols in corn oil and bacon fat by thin‐layer chromatography and spot density measurement. Food Technol., 13: 433. Beardsell D., Francis J., Ridley D. 2002. Health promoting constituents in plant derived edible oils. J. Food Lipids, 9(1): 1-34 Burton G.W., Ingold K.U. 1989. Vitamin E as an in vitro and in vivo antioxidant. Ann. NY Acad Sci., 570: 7-22. Burton G.W., Traber M.G. 1990. Vitamin E: Antioxidant activity, biokinetics, and bio availability. Annual Review of Nutrition, 10: 357-382 Canavar Ö. 2015. The influence of storage time on fatty acid, tocopherol and seed quality of peanut. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops and Foods, 7(2): 165-174. Chowdhury F.N., Hossain D., Hosen M., Rahman S. 2015. Comparative study on chemical composition of five varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogeae L.). World J. of Agricultural Science, 11(5): 247-254. Chun J., Ye L., Lee J., Eitenmiller R.R. 2003. Effect of peanut butter manufacture on vitamin E. J. Food Sci., 68: 2211-2214. Chun J., Lee J., Eitenmiller R.R. 2005. Vitamin E and oxidative stability during storage of raw and dry roasted peanuts packaged under air and vacuum. J. Food Sci., 70(4): 292-297. Duru S., Konuskan, D. 2014. Bitkisel Yağlarda Oleik Asit Miktarının Arttırılması ve Yağ Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri. Gıda/The Journal of Food, 39 (6): doi: 10.15237/gida.GD14026. Firestone D. 1999. Physical and chemical characteristics of oils, fats and waxes. AOCS Press. Gimeno E., Castellote A.I., Lamuela-Ravento´s R.M., De La Torre M.C., Lo´pez-Sabater M.C. 2002. The effects of harvest and extraction methods on the antioxidant content (phenolics, a-tocopherol, and b-carotene) in virgin olive oil. Food Chemistry, 78: 207-211. Hamamcıoğlu A.C. 2017. Diyabette oksidatif stres ve antioksidanların rolü. Türkiye Diyabet ve Obezite Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity, 1: 7-13. Hashim I.B., Koehler P.E., Eitenmiller R.R. 1993. Tocopherols in runner and virginia peanut cultivars at various maturity stages. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 70: 633-635. Isleib T.G., Pattee H.E., Sanders T.H., Hendrix K.W., Dean L.O 2006. Compositional and sensory comparisons between normal- and high-oleic peanuts. J. Agric. Food Chem., 54: 1759-1763. Jonnala R.S., Dunford N.T., Dashiell K.E. 2006. Tocopherol, phytosterol and phospholipid compositions of new high oleic peanut cultivars. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 19 (6-7): 601-605. Lavendrine F., Ravel A., Poupard A., Alary J. 1997. Effect of geographic origin, variety and storage on tocopherol concentrations in walnuts by HPLC. Food Chem. 58(1-2): 135-140. Onat B., Bakal H., Güllüoğlu L., Arıoğlu H. 2016. The effects of row spacing and plant density on yield and yield components of peanut grown as a double crop in mediterranean environment in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 22 (1): 71-80. Park M.R., Baek S.H., Cheong Y.K., Lee M.C., Choi K.G., Yun S.J. 2001. Tocopherol content and composition in peanut. Korean J. Crop Sci., 46 (4): 279-283. Rigotti A. 2007. Absorption, transport and tissue delivery of vitamin E. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 28: 423-36. Sevim D. 2011. Antioksidanlar ve zeytinyağı. Zeytin Bilimi, 1(1): 43-47. Surai P.F., Noble R.C., Speake B.K. 1996. Tissue-specific differences in antioxidant distribution and susceptibility to lipid peroxidation during development of the chick embryo. Biochim Biophysica Acta., 1304(1): 1-10. Surai P.F. 2000. Effect of selenium and vitamin E content of the maternal diet on the antioxidant system of the yolk and the developing chick. Brit Poult Sci., 41: 235-243. Sturm P.A., Parkhurst R.M., Skinner W.A. 1966. Quantitative determination of individual tocopherols by thin layer chromatographic separation and spectrophotometry. Anal. Chem., 38: 1244-1247 Tarrago-Trani M.T., Phillips K.M., Lemar L.E., Holden J.M. 2006. New and existing oils and fats used in products with reduced trans-fatty acid content. J Am. Diet Assoc., 106 (6): 867-880 Warner K., Miller J., Demurin Y. 2008. Oxidative stability of crude mid-oleic sunflower oils from seeds with high γ- ve δ- tocopherol levels. J Am. Oil Chem Soc., 85 (6): 529-533 Zheljazkov V.D., Vick B.A., Baldwin B.S., Buehring N., Coker C., Astatkie T., Johnson B. 2011. Oil productivity and composition of sunflower as a function of hybrid and planting date. Ind. Crops Prod., 33: 537-543.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Yapısal Biyoloji |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2018 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018 Cilt: 31 Sayı: 2 |