Farklı Çok Katmanlı Monolitik Zirkonya Seramiklerin Yüzey Pürüzlülüğünün Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 197 - 203, 13.05.2023

Eda Döğüşcü , Özgül Karacaer , Merve Bankoğlu Güngör

https://doi.org/10.54617/adoklinikbilimler.1239809

Öz

Amaç: Bu in-vitro çalışmada, monokromatik yapıdaki tek katmanlı ve polikromatik yapıdaki çok katmanlı monolitik zirkonya seramiklerin farklı yüzey işlemleri ve yaşlandırma işlemi sonrası yüzey pürüzlülüğünün değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tek katmanlı (ZirCAD MT) ve iki farklı çok katmanlı zirkonya seramik (ZirCAD MT Multi ve ZirCAD Prime) bloklardan 12 x 12 x 1 mm ebatlarında A2 renginde toplam 60 örnek üretildi. Örnekler mekanik polisaj ve glaze işlemlerine göre iki alt gruba ayrıldı (n=10). Sonrasında tüm örnekler, 10000 devir termal siklus ile yaşlandırma işlemine tabi tutuldu. Her grup için yaşlandırma işlemi öncesi ve sonrası ortalama yüzey pürüzlülüğü değerleri (Ra) profilometre cihazı ile ölçüldü. Elde edilen sonuçların değerlendirilmesi için tekrarlı ölçümlü üç yönlü ANOVA testi kullanıldı (α=0.05).
Bulgular: Termal siklus uygulamasıyla ortalama Ra değerleri arasındaki değişim istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (P<0.05). Glaze ve polisaj uygulanan gruplarda, termal siklus sonrasında yüzey pürüzlülüğünün arttığı belirlendi. Glaze gruplarında Ra değerlerinin ortalaması 0.031 µm olarak bulunurken, polisaj gruplarında Ra değerlerinin ortalaması 0.047 µm olarak bulundu (P<0.05). ZirCAD MT Multi materyalinde ortalama Ra değerleri diğer monolitik seramik gruplarına göre anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulundu (P<0.05). ZirCAD MT ve ZirCAD Prime seramik gruplarında ortalama Ra değerleri arasında anlamlı fark bulunmadı (P=0.476).
Sonuç: Bu in-vitro çalışmanın sınırlamaları dahilinde, test edilen monolitik zirkonya seramiklerde termal siklus ile yaşlandırma sonrası yüzey pürüzlülüğü değerleri artmaktadır. Glaze işlemi, mekanik polisaj işlemine göre daha az yüzey pürüzlülüğüne neden olmaktadır. Tüm monolitik zirkonya seramik grupları arasında ZirCAD MT Multi materyali daha düşük yüzey pürüzlülüğü değerlerine sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bilgisayar yardımlı tasarım, Yüzey özellikleri, Zirkonyum oksit

Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Different Multilayer Monolithic Zirconia Ceramics

Öz

Aim: The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the surface roughness of monochromatic monolayer and polychromatic multilayer monolithic zirconia ceramics after different surface treatments and aging process.
Materials and Method: A total of 60 specimens, in A2 color and 12x12x1 dimensions, were prepared from monolayer (ZirCAD MT) and two different multilayered zirconia ceramic blocks
(ZirCAD MT Multi and ZirCAD Prime). The specimens were divided into two subgroups according to mechanical polishing and glazing (n=10). Then, all specimens were subjected to 10000 cycles of thermocycling. Average surface roughness values (Ra) for each specimen was measured with a profilometer before and after aging. Repeated measures of three-way ANOVA test was used for the statistical evaluation (α=0.05).
Results: The difference between the mean Ra values with the thermocycling was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). Surface roughness increased after thermocycling in glazed and polished groups. The average Ra values of the glazed groups was found to be 0.031 μm, while the average Ra values of the polished groups was 0.047 μm (P<0.05). The mean Ra values of ZirCAD MT Multi material were found to be significantly lower than the other monolithic ceramic groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between mean Ra values in ZirCAD MT and ZirCAD Prime ceramic groups (P=0.476).
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, thermocycling increases the surface roughness values of the tested monolithic zirconia ceramics. Glazing results in lower surface roughness values than mechanical polishing. Among all monolithic zirconia ceramic groups, ZirCAD MT Multi material has lower surface roughness values.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Computer-aided design, Surface properties, Zirconium oxide

Kaynakça

• Alghazzawi TF, Lemons J, Liu PR, Essig ME, Janowski GM. The failure load of CAD/CAM generated zirconia and glass-ceramic laminate veneers with different preparation designs. J Prosthet Dent 2012;108:386-93.
• Shahmiri R, Standard OC, Hart JN, Sorrell CC. Optical properties of zirconia ceramics for esthetic dental restorations. J Prosthet Dent 2018;119:36-46.
• Ueda K, Güth JF, Erdelt K, Stimmelmayr M, Kappert H. Light transmittance by a multi-coloured zirconia material. Dent Mater J 2015;;34:310-4.
• Karabaş Y. Yaşlandırma İşleminin Translusensi'si Arttırılmış Monolitik Zirkonya Materyallerinin Renk ve Işık Geçirgenliklerine Etkisi [tez]. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi; 2019.
• Turkun LS, Turkun M. The effect of one-step polishing system on the surface roughness of three esthetic resin composite materials. Oper Dent 2004;29:203-11.
• Guazzato M, Quach L, Albakry M, Swain MV. Influence of surface and heat treatments on the flexural strength of Y-TZP dental ceramic. Int J Dent 2005;33:9-18.
• Chu F, Frankel N, Smales RJ. Surface roughness and flexural strength of self-glazed, polished, and reglazed In-Ceram/Vitadur Alpha porcelain laminates. Int J Prosthodont 2000;13:66-71.
• Tholt B, Miranda-Júnior WG, Prioli R, Thompson J, Oda M. Surface roughness in ceramics with different finishing techniques using atomic force microscope and profilometer. Oper Dent 2006;31:442-9.
• Wright MD, Masri R, Driscoll CF, Romberg E, Thompson GA, Runyan DA. Comparison of three systems for the polishing of an ultra-low fusing dental porcelain. J Prosthet Dent 2004;92:486-90.
• Kawai K, Urano M, Ebisu S. Effect of surface roughness of porcelain on adhesion of bacteria and their synthesizing glucans. J Prosthet Dent 2000;83:664-7.
• Martínez-Gomis J, Bizar J, Anglada JM, Samsó J, Peraire M. Comparative evaluation of four finishing systems on one ceramic surface. Int J Prosthodont 2003;6:74-7.
• Papanagiotou HP, Morgano SM, Giordano RA, Pober R. In vitro evaluation of low-temperature aging effects and finishing procedures on the flexural strength and structural stability of Y-TZP dental ceramics. J Prosthet Dent 2006;96:154-64.
• Gale MS, Darvell BW. Thermal cycling procedures for laboratory testing of dental restorations. Int J Dent 1999;27:89-99.
• Papacchini F, Toledano M, Monticelli F, Osorio R, Radovic I, Polimeni A, et al. Hydrolytic stability of composite repair bond. Eur J Oral Sci 2007;115:417-24.
• Hmaidouch R, Müller WD, Lauer HC, Weigl P. Surface roughness of zirconia for full-contour crowns after clinically simulated grinding and polishing. Int J Oral Sci 2014;6:241-6.
• Steiner R, Beier US, Heiss-Kisielewsky I, Engelmeier R, Dumfahrt H, Dhima M. Adjusting dental ceramics: An in vitro evaluation of the ability of various ceramic polishing kits to mimic glazed dental ceramic surface. J Prosthet Dent 2015;113:616-22.
• Wan Bakar WZ, McIntyre J. Susceptibility of selected tooth‐coloured dental materials to damage by common erosive acids. Aust Dent J 2008;53:226-34.
• Karahanlı IA. Farklı yüzey işlemleri uygulanmış alaşım gruplarına bakteri tutunmasının in vitro olarak değerlendirilmesi [tez]. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi; 2002.
• Jones CS, Billington RW, Pearson GJ. The in vivo perception of roughness of restorations. Br Dent J 2004;196:42-5.
• Günay Y, Atay A, Ozkan Y, Akyil MS, Karayazgan B, Toksoy F. Effect of colored beverages on the color stability of feldspathic porcelain subjected to various surface treatments. Quintessence Int 2009;40:41-8.
• Magne P, Oh WS, Pintado MR, DeLong R. Wear of enamel and veneering ceramics after laboratory and chairside finishing procedures. J Prosthet Dent 1999;82:669-79.
• Patterson CJW, McLundie AC, Stirrups DR, Taylor WG. Efficacy of a porcelain refinishing system in restoring surface finish after grinding with fine and extra-fine diamond burs. J Prosthet Dent 1992;68:402-6.
• Patterson CJW, McLundie AC, Stirrups DR, Taylor WG. Refinishing of porcelain by using a refinishing kit. J Prosthet Dent 1991;65:383-8.
• Sarac D, Sarac YS, Yuzbasioglu E, Bal S. The effects of porcelain polishing systems on the color and surface texture of feldspathic porcelain. J Prosthet Dent 2006;96:122-8.
• Brewer JD, Garlapo DA, Chipps EA, Tedesco LA. Clinical discrimination between autoglazed and polished porcelain surfaces. J Prosthet Dent 1990;64:631-5.
• Aykent F, İnan Ö, Üşümez A, Sevimay M. Farklı polisaj yöntemleri uygulanan seramiklerde yüzey pürüzlülüğünün incelenmesi. Gazi Üni Diş Hek Fak Derg 2001;18:63-7.
• Preis V, Schmalzbauer M, Bougeard D, Schneider-Feyrer S, Rosentritt M. Surface properties of monolithic zirconia after dental adjustment treatments and in vitro wear simulation. Int J Dent 2015;43:133-9.
• Toma FR, Bîrdeanu MI, Utu ID, Vasiliu RD, Moleriu LC, Porojan L. Surface Characteristics of High Translucent Multilayered Dental Zirconia Related to Aging. Materials 2022;15:3606.
• Al Hamad KQ, Al-Addous AMA, Al-Wahadni AM, Baba NZ, Goodacre BJ. Surface roughness of monolithic and layered zirconia restorations at different stages of finishing and polishing: an in vitro study. J Prosthodont 2019;28:818-25.
• Jum’ah AA, Brunton PA, Li KC, Waddell JN. Simulated clinical adjustment and intra-oral polishing of two translucent, monolithic zirconia dental ceramics: An in vitro investigation of surface roughness. Int J Dent 2020;101:103447.