Çilekte Kök ve Taç Çürüklüğü Hastalığı (Phytophthora cactorum)’na Karşı Kök Bakterileri ile Biyolojik Mücadele

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 63 - 71, 30.06.2019

Ümit Özyılmaz , Kemal Benlioğlu

https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.520935

Öz

Phytophthora kök ve taç çürüklüğü (Phytophthora cactorum) çilek üretimini
sınırlayan hastalıklardan bir tanesidir. Bu çalışma hastalık ile mücadelede
antagonist bakterilerin kullanılmasını hedeflemektedir. Bu amaçla; çilek,
karnabahar, kırmızı lahana, brokoli, lahana, turp, bakla ile yabancı otlardan
yabani turp, darıcan ve çoban çantası bitkilerinin kök bölgesinden toplam 362
adet bakteri izole edilmiştir. Yapılan ikili kültür ve bazı ön eleme testleri
ile çalışılan bakteri sayısı 101’e daha sonra da 24 düşürülmüştür. Bu
antagonistlerin sahip oldukları etki mekanizmalarını belirlenmeye yönelik
testlerde; hiç bir izolatın kitinaz, selülaz ve pektinaz aktivitesine sahip
olmadığı, 13 izolatın proteaz, 3 izolatın fosfataz aktivitesine sahip olduğu,
20 izolatın inorganik fosfatı çözebildiği saptanmıştır. 19 izolatın HCN, 18
izolatın siderofor, 11 izolatın yüzey aktif madde ve 16 izolatın da 2-4,DAPG
ürettiği bulunmuştur. Antagonistlerin IAA üretim kabiliyetlerine bakıldığında
62.4 ve 1.9 µg/ml olarak iki izolatın IAA ürettiği belirlenmiştir. Tüm
bakteriler Pseudomonas spp. olarak tanılanmıştır.
Saksı denemelerinde 3ss9 ve 6l10 izolatlarının P. cactorum’a karşı %50 oranında bir engelleme gösterdiği
bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Phytophthora, antagonist, kök bakterileri, Pseudomonas

Biological Control of Root and Crown Rot Disease of Strawberry (Phytophthora cactorum) with Rhizobacteria

Öz

Phytophthora Root and Crown Rot (Phytophthora cactorum) is one of the
diseases of strawberry that limit production. This study aims to use
antagonistic bacteria against the disease. For this purpose, a total of 362
bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of strawberry, cauliflower, red
cabbage, broccoli, cabbage, radish, wild radish, broad bean, barnyard grass,
and shepherd’s purse plants. The number of bacteria studied was reduced to 101
and then to 24 according to dual culture and pre-tests. In tests to determine
the mode of actions of these antagonists; out of 24 bacteria, none of the
isolates produced chitinase, cellulase, and pectinase, while 13 produced
protease, 19 produced HCN, 18 produced siderophore, 11 produced biosurfactant,
16 produced 2-4 DAPG, 2 produced IAA (62.4 ve 1.9 µg/ml). Three antagonists had
a phosphatase activity. Twenty had able to solubilize inorganic phosphorus. All
bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas spp.
3ss9 and 6l10 reduced the disease severity by %50 in pots trials. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Phytophthora, antagonist, rhizobacteria, Pseudomonas

Kaynakça

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