Çilek Üretim Alanlarından İzole Edilen Trichoderma İzolatlarının Çilekte (cv. Rubygem) Macrophomina phaseolina ’ya Karşı Etkinliğinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 21 - 28, 06.07.2020

Yunus Korkom , Ayhan Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.619308

Cited By: 2

Öz

Bu çalışma, Aydın ili çilek üretim alanlarından toprağın 5-20 cm
derinliğinden alınan toprak örneklerinden izole edilen 10 adet Trichoderma izolatın çilekte sorun olan Macrophomina phaseolina’ya karşı etkililiğinin
belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Trichoderma
spp. ile yürütülen ikili kültür çalışmalarında %25.9-59.1 oranında M. phaseolina’nın miselyal gelişimi
sınırladığı belirlenmiştir. Tüm izolatlarda hiperparazitizim görülmüştür.
Ayrıca ilk kez bu çalışmada Trichoderma
izolatlarının oluşturduğu uçucu bileşiklerin patojenin oluşturduğu mikrosklerot
miktarını önemli derecede azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Saksı çalışmaları ise Trichoderma spp.’nin M. phaseolina’ya etkisini ortaya koymak
amacıyla antagonist ve patojenin aynı anda (Tr+Mp), antagonist
inokulasyonundan 15 gün sonra patojenin uygulanması [Tr+Mp(15)] şeklinde
yapılmıştır. Mikrosklerot inokulasyonu 50 ml 1.6x10³sklerot/g, Trichoderma izolatları fide yetiştirme
ortamının %2’si (14g) olacak şekilde uygulanmıştır. Her
fidenin dikim öncesi ve dikimden 10 hafta sonra deneme sonlandığında fide
ağırlıkları ayrı ayrı kaydedilmiştir. Yaş ağırlık artışı (%) ve çöken fide
oranı (%) değerlendirilmiştir. Tr+Mp uygulamasında, Tr28
(%36.47) izolatında en fazla ağırlık artışı belirlenmiştir. Aynı
zamanda Tr izolatları arasında Tr28 izolatında fide ölümü görülmemiştir. Tr+Mp(15) uygulamasında ise Tr25 (%47.37) izolatında fidelerde en fazla yaş ağırlık
artışı saptanmıştır ve Tr26, Tr24,
Tr21, Tr28 inokule edilen saksılarda fide ölümü görülmemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

hiperparazitizm, biyolojik mücadele, ikili kültür, uçucu bileşik, mikrosklerot

Destekleyen Kurum

AYDIN ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ

Proje Numarası

13004

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü tarafından desteklenen 13004 nolu projenin bir kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Desteklerinden dolayı Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi’ne teşekkür ederiz.

Isolated of Trichoderma Isolates in Strawberry Production Area on Determination of the Effectiveness Against Macrophomina phaseolina in Strawberry (cv. Rubygem)

Öz

This
study was carried out in order to determine the effectiveness of 10 Trichoderma isolates strawberry growing
areas of Aydın province against Macrophomina
phaseolina, which is a problem in Strawberry. Soil samples taken from 5-20
cm depth of soil were used for Trichoderma
spp isolation.  Mycelial growth of M. phaseolina was inhibited
by Trichoderma spp. at the rate of
25.9-59.1% in dual culture. Hyperparasitism was observed in all isolates.
Furthermore, for the first time in this study, it was determined that the
volatile compounds of Trichoderma
isolates significantly reduced microsclerotia formation of the pathogen. Pot trials were performed
to determine the effect of Trichoderma
spp. on M. phaseolina by applying
antagonist and pathogen at the same time (Tr+Mp) and pathogen 15 days after antagonist
inoculation [Tr+Mp(15)]. Microsclerotia concentration was applied with 50 ml
water ensuring 1.6x10³ in 1 gr of soil and the inoculum of Trichoderma
isolates were homogenously added into soil of pot at the rate of 2% (14 g).
Each seedling weights before planting and at the end of after 10 weeks planting
were recorded separately. Fresh weight increase (%) was calculated and seedling
death increase (%) the results were evaluated. In Tr+Mp application, maximum
weight increase was determined in Tr28 (36.47%) isolates. At the same time, seedling death was not observed
among Tr28 isolates. In Tr+Mp (15) application, highest increase seedling fresh
weight was observed at Tr25 (47.37%). In Tr26, Tr24, Tr21, Tr28 no plant death was observed in
inoculated pots.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hyperparasitism, biological control, dual culture, volatile compounds, microsclerotia

Proje Numarası

13004

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