Afet Yönetim Merkezlerinin Risk Yönetimi Performansının Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleriyle Değerlendirilmesi: Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi Örneği

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 1 - 16

Sümeyye Özbey , Mervegül Gül

https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.1462662

Öz

Afetler, insanların günlük hayat akışını kesintiye uğratan fiziksel ekonomik ve sosyal kayıplara sebep olan doğal teknolojik veya insan kaynaklı olayların sonuçlarıdır. Ulusal düzeyde afet risklerinin oluşumunu önlemek ve riskleri azaltmak yerel düzeyde yapılan çalışmalara bağlıdır. Afet yönetim merkezleri, afetlerden sonra oluşabilecek can ve mal kaybının önüne geçilebilmesinde yerelin kritik bileşenidir. Etkilenen bölgelerdeki afet yönetim merkezlerinin, afet ve acil durumlara hazırlık düzeyi acil durumların afete dönüşmesini engeller. Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi, deprem, heyelan, sel, terör ve çığ gibi bir çok afete maruziyet yaşayan bir bölgedir. Yerelin afet hazırlığının artırılması için çalışma kapsamında Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinde 4 şehir olan Gaziantep, Mardin, Diyarbakır ve Kilis illerinin AFAD (Afet ve Acil Durum Müdürlüğü) merkezlerinin afet risk yönetimi performansları Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemi (ÇKKV) ile değerlendirildi. Risk yönetimi performansı kriterlerinin önem ağırlıklarını belirlemede AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) yöntemi ve illerin hazırlık düzeyinin karşılaştırılması için TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) yöntemiyle sıralama yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarında afet yönetim merkezlerinin risk yönetimi performansının değerlendirilmesinde en önemli kriter riski belirleme, hazırlık düzeyi en yüksek il olarak Mardin ili belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın bölgenin sürdürülebilir kalkınmasını tehlikeye atan afet potansiyeli olan kırılganlıkların belirlenmesinde, afetlere karşı dirençliliğin artırılması ve afet hazırlık planları için bir araç olması hedeflenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

AFAD, Afet Risk Yönetimi, AHP ve TOPSIS, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemi

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu çalışma TUBİTAK 2209-A Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı 2022 yılı 2.dönem başvurusunda 1919B012219064’nolu proje olarak kabul almıştır.

Teşekkür

Bu destekten dolayı TÜBİTAK’a teşekkür ediyoruz. Ayrıca proje ortakları olarak anket formlarının doldurtulmasında yardımlarından dolayı Ece ÖZSOY ve Selahattin ÖZKAN’a da teşekkür ederiz.

Evaluation of Risk Management Performance of Disaster Management Centers Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods: Example of Southeastern Anatolia Region

Öz

Disasters are the results of natural, technological or human-induced events that cause physical, economic and social losses that interrupt the flow of people's daily lives. Preventing the formation of disaster risks at the national level and reducing the risks depend on the studies carried out at the local level. Disaster management centers are the critical components of the local in preventing the loss of life and property that may occur after disasters. The preparedness level of disaster management centers in the affected regions for disasters and emergencies prevents emergencies from turning into disasters. The Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey is a region exposed to many disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, floods, terrorism and avalanches. Within the scope of the study to increase the disaster preparedness of the local, the disaster risk management performances of AFAD (Disaster and Emergency Directorate) centers of 4 cities in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Gaziantep, Mardin, Diyarbakır and Kilis, were evaluated with the Multi-Criteria Decision Making Method (MCDM). The AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method was used to determine the importance weights of risk management performance criteria, and the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method was used to compare the preparedness levels of the provinces. According to the study results, the most important criterion in the evaluation of the risk management performance of disaster management centers was determined as risk determination, and Mardin was determined as the province with the highest level of preparedness. The study aims to be a tool for determining the vulnerabilities with disaster potential that endanger the sustainable development of the region, increasing resilience against disasters and disaster preparedness plans.

Anahtar Kelimeler

AFAD, AHP and TOPSIS, Disaster Risk Management, Multi-Criteria Decision Making Method

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