Robot Vergisinin Değerlendirilmesi: Güney Kore Örneği

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 161 - 180, 18.04.2025

İskender Emrah Karakaş

https://doi.org/10.26745/ahbvuibfd.1594808

Öz

Robot fikri antik metinler ve Yunan, Arap, Yahudi mitolojileri gibi mitolojik eserlere kadar uzanmakla birlikte elektronik olarak robot teknolojileri ve otomasyon sistemleri geçtiğimiz yüzyılın ortalarından sonra gelişmiş olup her geçen gün de kullanımı artmaktadır. İlk başlarda sadece üretim sektöründe kullanılan robotlar artık hizmet sektöründe de yoğun olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu noktada artan robot kullanımı ile ortaya çıkabilecek işsizlik, vergi kaybı ve gelir eşitsizliği sorunlarına karşılık robot vergisi uygulanması tartışmaya açılmıştır. Robot teknolojilerinin kullanımın artışı gibi robot vergisi tartışmaları da gün geçtikçe artmak olup pek çok konuda olduğu gibi robot vergisi uygulaması konusunda da farklı görüşler bulunmaktadır ve bir fikir birliğine varılamamıştır. Robot vergisi ile ilgili farklı ülkelerde çeşitli girişimler olmasına karşın bu girişimler başarılı olamamış olup günümüzde sadece Güney Kore’de uygulanan robot vergisi ile ilgili literatürde çalışmalar olmakla birlikte böyle bir verginin etkileri ile ilgili somut veriler çok azdır. Konu sadece günümüzü değil gelecek nesilleri de yakından ilgilendiren bir konudur ve hatalı atılacak adımlar inovasyon ve teknolojik gelişmelerin ilerlemesini yavaşlatabileceklerdir.Çalışmada robot vergisinin gerekliliği, literatürde yer alan tartışmalar ve Güney Kore verileri eşliğinde ele alınarak değerlendirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Robot Vergisi, Otomasyon, İşsizlik, Vergi Kaybı

Evaluation of the Robot Tax: The Case of South Korea

Öz

Although the idea of robots dates back to ancient texts and mythological works such as Greek, Arabic and Jewish mythology, electronic robot technologies and automation systems have been developed since the middle of the last century and their use is increasing day by day. Robots, initially used only in the production sector, are now widely used in the service sector. At this point, the introduction of a robot tax has been discussed as a response to the problems of unemployment, tax losses and income inequality that may arise with the increasing use of robots. As the use of robotic technologies increases, so does the discussion of a robot tax, and as with many issues, there are differing opinions on the application of a robot tax and no consensus has been reached. Although there have been various robot tax initiatives in different countries, these initiatives have not been successful, and although there are studies in the literature on the robot tax applied only in South Korea today, there is very little concrete data on the effects of such a tax. This is an issue that affects not only today but also future generations, and missteps could slow the progress of innovation and technological development.This study evaluates the need for a robot tax in light of discussions in the literature and South Korean data.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Robot Tax, Automation, Unemployment, Tax Loss

Kaynakça

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