Placing Environment at the Center of International Relations: The Fundamental Approaches, and the Debates

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 227 - 262, 30.04.2018

Çağlar Söker , Erdem Özlük

https://doi.org/10.17550/akademikincelemeler.310117

Cited By: 4

Öz

This study aims to bring light the reasons of
peripherical place of environment in the discipline by analyzing the views of
various theoretical approaches in International Relations. The study is divided
into two parts as problem-solving and critical approaches. Problem-solving
approaches are the ones considering environment in case there is only a problem
and searching for solutions in the existing global system. Critical approaches,
beyond environmental problems, are the ones, which possess aim to form a
sustainable system and, because of this, putting forward that the system should
be restructured, which question the national and international political,
economic and social order. In this context, first of all, approaches of
“environmental security” and “liberal institutionalism” are examined. After
that, under the title of “Tragedy of Commons”, the perspectives of eco-authoritarians
are referred to. In the part of critical approaches, “eco-centrism”,
“ecological modernization” and “decentralization” are discussed. In the
conclusion part, it is put forward the factors that why the environmental
issues couldn’t be placed at the center of the discipline. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Environment, Environmental Security, Eco-Authoritarianism, Eco-Centrism, Ecological Modernization, Decentralization

ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLERDE ÇEVREYİ MERKEZE TAŞIMAK: TEMEL YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TARTIŞMALAR

Öz

Bu çalışma Uluslararası İlişkiler’de
(Uİ) çevrenin neden disiplinin periferisinde yer aldığını “sorun çözücü ve
eleştirel” yaklaşımlar ayrımı üzerinden sorgulamaktadır. Disiplindeki sorun
çözücü yaklaşımlar, çevreyi sadece bir “sorun” olması durumunda dikkate alan ve
mevcut küresel sistem içinde çözümler arayan yaklaşımlardır. Eleştirel
yaklaşımlarsa çevre sorunlarının ötesinde daha “iyi” bir dünya yaratmak için
sürdürülebilir bir sistem oluşturma amacını taşıyan; bu yüzden sistemin yeniden
yapılandırılması gerektiğini ileri sürerek ulusal ve uluslararası politik,
ekonomik ve toplumsal düzeni sorgulayan yaklaşımlardır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle “çevresel
güvenlik” ve “liberal kurumsalcılık” yaklaşımları incelenmiş, ardından “Ortak
Malların Trajedisi” başlığı altında eko-otoriteryenlerin görüşlerine
değinilmiştir. Eleştirel yaklaşımlar kısmında “çevre-merkezcilik”, “ekolojik
modernleşme” ve “merkezsizleşme” yaklaşımları tartışılmıştır. Sonuç bölümündeyse
çevrenin Uİ’de merkezi bir konuma gelememesinin nedenlerine yönelik tespitlere
yer verilmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çevresel Güvenlik, Eko-Otoriteryanizm, Çevre-Merkezcilik, Ekolojik Modernleşme, Merkezsizleşme

Kaynakça

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