Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2023, Sayı: 16, 78 - 88, 31.12.2023

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Avcı, T. ve Aşıkoğlu, Ş. (1998). “Kumar Turizminin Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti Ekonomisine Etkileri”, Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9, 17-25.
  • Banks, J., & Waugh, D. (2019). “A taxonomy of gambling-related crime”, International Gambling Studies, 19(2), 339-357.
  • Benton, C., (2015). “The Economic and Social Effects of Casino Development in Macau”, UNLV University Libraries: Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers and Capstones
  • Boto-García, D., & Pérez, L. (2023). “Tourism seasonality and gambling: The role of a new casino's opening”, Annals of Tourism Research, 99(C).
  • Bulatović, I., Stranjančević, A., Lacmanović, D., Raspor, A. (2017).” Casino Business in the Context of Tourism Development (Case: Montenegro)”. Social Sciences, 6(4), 146, pp. 2-16.
  • Buultjens, J. (2006). “A Comparison of Wage Determination in New South Wales and Queensland (Australian) Clubs”, International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 7 (2-3), pp.135-153.
  • Carter, Y. (2016). Gamblıng Risk Factors, Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes. Nova Science Publishers, Inc. New York.
  • Christiansen, E. M. (1998). “Gambling and the American Economy”, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 556, pp. 36-52.
  • Dennison CR, Finkeldey JG, Rocheleau GC. (2021). “Confounding bias in the relationship between problem gambling and crime”, Journal Gambling Studies, 1-18.
  • Eadington, W., R. (1999). “The Economics of Casino Gambling”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 13 (3), pp. 173-192.
  • Farmaki, A., Altinay, L., Botterill, D., Hilke, S. (2015). “Politics and Sustainable Tourism: The Case of Cyprus”, Tourism Management, 47, pp. 178-190.
  • Fiedor, D., Szczyrba, Z., Šerý, M., Smolová, I. & Toušek, V. (2017). “The Spatial Distribution of Gambling and its Economic Benefts to Municipalities in the Czech Republic”, Institute of Geonics, the Czech Academy of Sciences Journal, 2017, 25 (2), pp. 104-117.
  • Freud, S. (1981). Dostoyevski ve Baba Katilliği, Freud- Jung- Adler Psikanaliz Açısından Edebiyat. (Çev: Selâhattin Hîlav). Ankara: Dost Kitabevi Yayınları, 2. Baskı.
  • Grinols, E., L., Mustard, D., B. (2006). “Casinos, Crime, and Community Costs”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 88 (1), pp. 28-45.
  • Ibısworld Industrt Reports (2023). Global Casinos & Online Gambling Industry - Market Research Report. https://www.ibisworld.com/global/market-research-reports/global-casinos-online-gambling-industry/#IndustryStatisticsAndTrends (Erişim Tarihi: 20.10.2023)
  • Janes, P., L., Collison, J. (2004). “Community Leader Perceptions of the Social and Economic Impacts of Indian Gaming”. UNLV Gaming Research & Review, 8, pp. 13-30.
  • Kamat, K., Scaglione, M., Pillai, S., K., B., Chen, R., F. (2016). “The Socio, Economic, and Environmental Impacts of Casino Tourism in Goa”, Rev. Latino-Am. Turismologia / RLAT, Juiz de Fora, v.2, n.1, pp.44-54.
  • Kang, S., K., Lee, C., K., Yoon, Y., Long, P., T. (2008). “Resident Perception of the Impact of Limited Stakes Community-Based Casino Gaming in Mature Gaming Communities”, Tourism Management, 29 (4), pp. 681-694.
  • Kaya, B. ve Aslan, S. H. (1999). “Bir Patolojik Kumar Oynama Olgusu”, Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 10 (3) 245- 249.
  • Lee, C., K., Back, K., J. (2006). “Examining Structural Relationships among Perceived Impact, Benefit and Support for Casino Development Based on 4 Year Longitudinal Data”, Tourism Management, 27 (3), pp. 466-480.
  • Leiper, N. (1989). Tourism and Gambling. GeoJournal, 19(3), 269-275.
  • Lesieur, H.R. & Custer, R.L. (1984). “Pathological Gambling: Roots, Phases, and Treatment”, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 474(1), 146-156.
  • Lim, W.M., To, W.M. (2021), “The economic impact of a global pandemic on the tourism economy: the case of COVID-19 and Macao’s destination-and gambling-dependent economy”, Current Issues in Tourism, pp. 1-12. Long, P. (1996). “Early Impacts of Limited Stakes Casino Gambling on Rural Community Life”, Tourism Management, 17 (5), pp. 341-353.
  • Luo, J., M., Lam, C., F., Fan, D., X., F. (2018). “The Development of Measurement Scale for Entertainment Tourism Experience: A Case Study in Macau”, Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Online, pp. 1-15.
  • MarketLine (2018). Global Casinos & Gaming Industry Profile Report, London: United Kingdom. Masiero, L., Qian, J., Fong, D., Law, R. (2017). “Gambling Destinations and the Effect of Gambling Results on Tourist Satisfaction and Loyalty”, Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 35(5), pp. 678-689.
  • McCartney, G. (2005). “Casinos as a Tourism Redevelopment Strategy - The Case of Macao”, Journal of Macau Gaming Research Association, Iss. 2, pp. 40-54.
  • Metaxas, T., Folinas, S. (2016). “Gambling Tourism and Economic Development: Some lessons from Macao”, MPRA Paper No. 72397, https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/72397/ (Erişim tarihi: 02.04.2019)
  • Nichols, W., M., Tosun, M., S. & Yang, J. (2015). “The Fiscal Impact of Legalized Casino Gambling”, Public Finance Review, 43 (6), pp. 739-761.
  • Nichols, W., M. & Tosun, M. S. (2017). “The Impact of Legalized Casino Gambling on Crime”, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 66, pp. 1-16.
  • Nickerson Polovitz, N. (1995). “Tourism and Gambling Content Analysis”, Annals of Tourism Research, 22(1),53-66.
  • Pazarcıkcı, M. ve Altıntoprak, A. E. (2020). “Denetimli Serbestlik Tedbirine Tabi Kişilerde Sigara, Alkol ve Patolojik Kumar Bağımlılığının Araştırılması”, Bağımlılık Dergisi, 21(3), 190-200.
  • Rephann, T., J., Dalton, M., Stair, A., Isserman, A. (1997). “Casino Gambling as an Economic Development Strategy, Tourism Economics, 3, pp. 161-183.
  • Research and Markets (2023). Casinos - Global Strategic Business Report, https://www.researchandmarkets.com/report/casinos?utm_source=BW&utm_medium=PressRelease&utm_code=j9lgx9&utm_campaign=1891099++Global+Casinos+Strategic+Business+Report+2023%3a+Market+to+Reach+%24224.1+Billion+by+2030+from+%24157.5+Billion+in+2022++Machines+Segment+to+Account+for +Almost+Half +the+Market+Value&utm_exec=chdo54prd (Erişim Tarihi: 20.10.2023).
  • Ronzitti,S., Tremolada, M., Gamba, G., Perin, A. P., Tomaselli, G., Bartoli, F., Carra, G. & Clerici, M. (2015). Therapy and Rehabilitation in Gambling Disorder: Possibilities and Limits. Gambling: Cultural Attitudes, Motivations and Impact on Quality of Life. Martinotti, G. & Bowden Jones, H. (Editörler). Nova Science Publishers Inc.
  • Shou, T., W. & Yeong, S., C. (2015). “The Social, Economic, and Environmental Impacts of Casino Gambling on The Residents of Macau and Singapore”, Tourism Management, 48, pp. 285-298.
  • Siu, R., C., S. (2007). “Is Casino Gaming a Productive Sector? A Conceptual and Cross Jurisdiction Analysis”, Journal of Gambling Business and Economics, 1 (2), pp. 129-146.
  • Stitt, B., G., Nichols, W., M., Giacopassi, D. (2003). “Does The Presence of Casinos Increase Crime Rates? An Examination of Casino and Control Communities”, Crime & Delinquency 49(2), pp. 253-284. TDK (2023). https://sozluk.gov.tr/ (Erişim Tarihi: 09/09/2023)
  • TRT Arşiv (2023). Kumar Bağımlılığı, https://www.trtarsiv.com/ozel-video/bagimlilik/kumar-121232 (Erişim Tarihi: 03/05/2023)
  • Walker, D., M. (2003). “Methodological Issues in The Social Cost of Gambling Studies”, Journal of Gambling Studies, 19 (2), pp. 149-184.
  • Walker, D., M., (2013). Casinonomics: The Socioeconomic Impacts of the Casino Industry, NY: Springer Science Business Media
  • Wan, Y., K., P. (2012). “The Social, Economic and Environmental Impacts of Casino Gaming in Macao: The Community Leader Perspective”, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20 (5), pp. 737-755.
  • Wong, I. A., Rosenbaum, M., S. (2012). “Beyond Hardcore Gambling: Understanding Why Mainland Chinese Visit Casinos in Macau”, Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 36 (1), pp. 32-51.
  • Wu, S., T., Chen, Y., S., (2015), “The Social, Economic and Environmental Impacts of Casino Gambling on the Residents of Macau and Singapore”, Tourism Management, vol. 48, pp 285-298.
  • Wu, S., W., Wortman, J. (2009). “Senior Citizen Gaming: More than just Buffets”, Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 1 (4), pp. 344-354.
  • Yokomitsu, K., Kamimura, E. & Somatori, K. (2021). “Validation of the Japanese Version of the Pathological Gambling Adaptation of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (PG-YBOCS-J) Among Subclinical Japanese Gamblers”, International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19, 1716-1728.
  • http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/55713.stm (Erişim Tarihi: 03/05/2023)
  • https://www.casino.org/features/gambling-market-report/ (Erişim Tarihi: 03/09/2023)
  • https://www.statista.com/statistics/1186231/casino-and-online-gambling-industry-market-size-global/ (Erişim Tarihi: 03/09/2023)
  • https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuatmetin/1.5.2634.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 07/05/2023)

An Implementation Proposal for Reintegration of Casinos Into Turkish Tourism

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 16, 78 - 88, 31.12.2023

Öz

ABSTRACT
Casinos are places where various gambling games are offered as a service to satisfy people's desire for pleasure, entertainment, and enrichment. The casino industry generates high revenues from these activities worldwide every year. In 2022, registered revenues from gambling activities worldwide totaled 449 billion dollars. According to the development trends of the gambling industry in previous years, it is estimated that this economic size will reach 765 billion dollars in 2027. Although Turkey has been among the top ten countries in the world in terms of the number of tourist arrivals for many years, it has never been in the top ten in terms of tourism revenues, and the banning of casinos in 1998 deprived it of this enormous income. In order to achieve the macro and micro-economic objectives, such as achieving the annual revenue of 100 billion dollars targeted for Turkish tourism in 2028, spreading tourism activities all year round, providing additional employment throughout the country, and reducing income distribution differences between regions, casinos should be reopened. In this study, an application proposal is described to bring casinos back to tourism in a way that serves only foreign tourists without harming the social and economic structure of the Turkish people. In this context, an application that relates the regions where casinos should be opened, employment conditions, security and control procedures, and other principles with examples from around the world is proposed.

Kaynakça

  • Avcı, T. ve Aşıkoğlu, Ş. (1998). “Kumar Turizminin Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti Ekonomisine Etkileri”, Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9, 17-25.
  • Banks, J., & Waugh, D. (2019). “A taxonomy of gambling-related crime”, International Gambling Studies, 19(2), 339-357.
  • Benton, C., (2015). “The Economic and Social Effects of Casino Development in Macau”, UNLV University Libraries: Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers and Capstones
  • Boto-García, D., & Pérez, L. (2023). “Tourism seasonality and gambling: The role of a new casino's opening”, Annals of Tourism Research, 99(C).
  • Bulatović, I., Stranjančević, A., Lacmanović, D., Raspor, A. (2017).” Casino Business in the Context of Tourism Development (Case: Montenegro)”. Social Sciences, 6(4), 146, pp. 2-16.
  • Buultjens, J. (2006). “A Comparison of Wage Determination in New South Wales and Queensland (Australian) Clubs”, International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 7 (2-3), pp.135-153.
  • Carter, Y. (2016). Gamblıng Risk Factors, Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes. Nova Science Publishers, Inc. New York.
  • Christiansen, E. M. (1998). “Gambling and the American Economy”, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 556, pp. 36-52.
  • Dennison CR, Finkeldey JG, Rocheleau GC. (2021). “Confounding bias in the relationship between problem gambling and crime”, Journal Gambling Studies, 1-18.
  • Eadington, W., R. (1999). “The Economics of Casino Gambling”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 13 (3), pp. 173-192.
  • Farmaki, A., Altinay, L., Botterill, D., Hilke, S. (2015). “Politics and Sustainable Tourism: The Case of Cyprus”, Tourism Management, 47, pp. 178-190.
  • Fiedor, D., Szczyrba, Z., Šerý, M., Smolová, I. & Toušek, V. (2017). “The Spatial Distribution of Gambling and its Economic Benefts to Municipalities in the Czech Republic”, Institute of Geonics, the Czech Academy of Sciences Journal, 2017, 25 (2), pp. 104-117.
  • Freud, S. (1981). Dostoyevski ve Baba Katilliği, Freud- Jung- Adler Psikanaliz Açısından Edebiyat. (Çev: Selâhattin Hîlav). Ankara: Dost Kitabevi Yayınları, 2. Baskı.
  • Grinols, E., L., Mustard, D., B. (2006). “Casinos, Crime, and Community Costs”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 88 (1), pp. 28-45.
  • Ibısworld Industrt Reports (2023). Global Casinos & Online Gambling Industry - Market Research Report. https://www.ibisworld.com/global/market-research-reports/global-casinos-online-gambling-industry/#IndustryStatisticsAndTrends (Erişim Tarihi: 20.10.2023)
  • Janes, P., L., Collison, J. (2004). “Community Leader Perceptions of the Social and Economic Impacts of Indian Gaming”. UNLV Gaming Research & Review, 8, pp. 13-30.
  • Kamat, K., Scaglione, M., Pillai, S., K., B., Chen, R., F. (2016). “The Socio, Economic, and Environmental Impacts of Casino Tourism in Goa”, Rev. Latino-Am. Turismologia / RLAT, Juiz de Fora, v.2, n.1, pp.44-54.
  • Kang, S., K., Lee, C., K., Yoon, Y., Long, P., T. (2008). “Resident Perception of the Impact of Limited Stakes Community-Based Casino Gaming in Mature Gaming Communities”, Tourism Management, 29 (4), pp. 681-694.
  • Kaya, B. ve Aslan, S. H. (1999). “Bir Patolojik Kumar Oynama Olgusu”, Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 10 (3) 245- 249.
  • Lee, C., K., Back, K., J. (2006). “Examining Structural Relationships among Perceived Impact, Benefit and Support for Casino Development Based on 4 Year Longitudinal Data”, Tourism Management, 27 (3), pp. 466-480.
  • Leiper, N. (1989). Tourism and Gambling. GeoJournal, 19(3), 269-275.
  • Lesieur, H.R. & Custer, R.L. (1984). “Pathological Gambling: Roots, Phases, and Treatment”, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 474(1), 146-156.
  • Lim, W.M., To, W.M. (2021), “The economic impact of a global pandemic on the tourism economy: the case of COVID-19 and Macao’s destination-and gambling-dependent economy”, Current Issues in Tourism, pp. 1-12. Long, P. (1996). “Early Impacts of Limited Stakes Casino Gambling on Rural Community Life”, Tourism Management, 17 (5), pp. 341-353.
  • Luo, J., M., Lam, C., F., Fan, D., X., F. (2018). “The Development of Measurement Scale for Entertainment Tourism Experience: A Case Study in Macau”, Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Online, pp. 1-15.
  • MarketLine (2018). Global Casinos & Gaming Industry Profile Report, London: United Kingdom. Masiero, L., Qian, J., Fong, D., Law, R. (2017). “Gambling Destinations and the Effect of Gambling Results on Tourist Satisfaction and Loyalty”, Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 35(5), pp. 678-689.
  • McCartney, G. (2005). “Casinos as a Tourism Redevelopment Strategy - The Case of Macao”, Journal of Macau Gaming Research Association, Iss. 2, pp. 40-54.
  • Metaxas, T., Folinas, S. (2016). “Gambling Tourism and Economic Development: Some lessons from Macao”, MPRA Paper No. 72397, https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/72397/ (Erişim tarihi: 02.04.2019)
  • Nichols, W., M., Tosun, M., S. & Yang, J. (2015). “The Fiscal Impact of Legalized Casino Gambling”, Public Finance Review, 43 (6), pp. 739-761.
  • Nichols, W., M. & Tosun, M. S. (2017). “The Impact of Legalized Casino Gambling on Crime”, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 66, pp. 1-16.
  • Nickerson Polovitz, N. (1995). “Tourism and Gambling Content Analysis”, Annals of Tourism Research, 22(1),53-66.
  • Pazarcıkcı, M. ve Altıntoprak, A. E. (2020). “Denetimli Serbestlik Tedbirine Tabi Kişilerde Sigara, Alkol ve Patolojik Kumar Bağımlılığının Araştırılması”, Bağımlılık Dergisi, 21(3), 190-200.
  • Rephann, T., J., Dalton, M., Stair, A., Isserman, A. (1997). “Casino Gambling as an Economic Development Strategy, Tourism Economics, 3, pp. 161-183.
  • Research and Markets (2023). Casinos - Global Strategic Business Report, https://www.researchandmarkets.com/report/casinos?utm_source=BW&utm_medium=PressRelease&utm_code=j9lgx9&utm_campaign=1891099++Global+Casinos+Strategic+Business+Report+2023%3a+Market+to+Reach+%24224.1+Billion+by+2030+from+%24157.5+Billion+in+2022++Machines+Segment+to+Account+for +Almost+Half +the+Market+Value&utm_exec=chdo54prd (Erişim Tarihi: 20.10.2023).
  • Ronzitti,S., Tremolada, M., Gamba, G., Perin, A. P., Tomaselli, G., Bartoli, F., Carra, G. & Clerici, M. (2015). Therapy and Rehabilitation in Gambling Disorder: Possibilities and Limits. Gambling: Cultural Attitudes, Motivations and Impact on Quality of Life. Martinotti, G. & Bowden Jones, H. (Editörler). Nova Science Publishers Inc.
  • Shou, T., W. & Yeong, S., C. (2015). “The Social, Economic, and Environmental Impacts of Casino Gambling on The Residents of Macau and Singapore”, Tourism Management, 48, pp. 285-298.
  • Siu, R., C., S. (2007). “Is Casino Gaming a Productive Sector? A Conceptual and Cross Jurisdiction Analysis”, Journal of Gambling Business and Economics, 1 (2), pp. 129-146.
  • Stitt, B., G., Nichols, W., M., Giacopassi, D. (2003). “Does The Presence of Casinos Increase Crime Rates? An Examination of Casino and Control Communities”, Crime & Delinquency 49(2), pp. 253-284. TDK (2023). https://sozluk.gov.tr/ (Erişim Tarihi: 09/09/2023)
  • TRT Arşiv (2023). Kumar Bağımlılığı, https://www.trtarsiv.com/ozel-video/bagimlilik/kumar-121232 (Erişim Tarihi: 03/05/2023)
  • Walker, D., M. (2003). “Methodological Issues in The Social Cost of Gambling Studies”, Journal of Gambling Studies, 19 (2), pp. 149-184.
  • Walker, D., M., (2013). Casinonomics: The Socioeconomic Impacts of the Casino Industry, NY: Springer Science Business Media
  • Wan, Y., K., P. (2012). “The Social, Economic and Environmental Impacts of Casino Gaming in Macao: The Community Leader Perspective”, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20 (5), pp. 737-755.
  • Wong, I. A., Rosenbaum, M., S. (2012). “Beyond Hardcore Gambling: Understanding Why Mainland Chinese Visit Casinos in Macau”, Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 36 (1), pp. 32-51.
  • Wu, S., T., Chen, Y., S., (2015), “The Social, Economic and Environmental Impacts of Casino Gambling on the Residents of Macau and Singapore”, Tourism Management, vol. 48, pp 285-298.
  • Wu, S., W., Wortman, J. (2009). “Senior Citizen Gaming: More than just Buffets”, Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 1 (4), pp. 344-354.
  • Yokomitsu, K., Kamimura, E. & Somatori, K. (2021). “Validation of the Japanese Version of the Pathological Gambling Adaptation of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (PG-YBOCS-J) Among Subclinical Japanese Gamblers”, International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19, 1716-1728.
  • http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/55713.stm (Erişim Tarihi: 03/05/2023)
  • https://www.casino.org/features/gambling-market-report/ (Erişim Tarihi: 03/09/2023)
  • https://www.statista.com/statistics/1186231/casino-and-online-gambling-industry-market-size-global/ (Erişim Tarihi: 03/09/2023)
  • https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuatmetin/1.5.2634.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 07/05/2023)
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Turizm (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Alper Ateş 0000-0002-4347-7306

Halil Sunar 0000-0002-5131-4056

Tuba Bağcı 0000-0002-8560-625X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 29 Kasım 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Sayı: 16

Kaynak Göster

APA Ateş, A., Sunar, H., & Bağcı, T. (2023). An Implementation Proposal for Reintegration of Casinos Into Turkish Tourism. Selçuk Üniversitesi Akşehir Meslek Yüksekokulu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(16), 78-88.