How do Our Relations in Everyday Life Influence Our Trust in Strangers? Theory and Evidence From Twenty-Seven Democracies

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 66 - 83, 05.05.2017

Cerem I. Cenker-özek

Öz

Generalized
trust is important in democratic societies because it fosters co-operative
norms which matter for citizen’s-level activism. Individual’s daily social
interactions are among the significant determinants of generalized trust. Yet
studies often measure social interactions at the group level such as those with
the family, colleagues and the neighbors. Present study suggests that rather
than group level relations, individual’s both the structure- the extent of the
weak and the strong ties-, and the content- whether they are mobilized for
expressive action or instrumental action- of informal relations provide better
explanations for generalized trust. Thus, the main objective of this study is
to explore the relational foundations of generalized trust with individual
level tie-based data. For this purpose, the study counts on International
Social Science Program’s (ISSP) survey of 2001 on social networks; hence the
hypotheses are tested within a comparative cross-country perspective. The
analysis suggests positive and significant influence of the kinship ties, which
are mobilized for power and wealth and the non-kinship ties, which are
mobilized for emotional support, on generalized trust. These findings, in turn,
invite for a re-consideration of the conceptual discussion social capital
literature posits between informal social relations and generalized trust.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Generalized trust, bonding social capital, bridging social capital, tie-level data, multinomial logistic regression

Günlük Hayattaki İlişkilerimiz Yabancılara Güvenimizi Nasıl Etkiler? Teori ve Yirmi Yedi Demokrasiden Bulgular

Öz

Kişiler arası güven, demokratik toplumlarda 
vatandaşların siyasete aktif 
katılımları için gerekli olan iş birliği normlarını geliştirdiği için
önemlidir. Günlük ilişkiler, kişiler arası güven belirteçlerinden bir
tanesidir. Çalışmaların bir çoğu bu ilişkileri, genellikle, aile, iş arkadaşı
ya da komşularla ilişkiler gibi, grup seviyesinde ölçülen değişkenlerle analiz
eder. Bu çalışma, kişilerin sahip olduğu ilişkilerin yapısı- güçlü ya da zayıf
bağların sayısı- ve içeriğinin-bu bağların kendini ifade etme ya da araçsal
sebeplerle mobilize edilmesi-  kişiler
arası güveni daha iyi açıkladığını öne sürmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın
temel amacı kişiler arası güvenin ilişkisel temellerini bağ seviyesinde ölçülen
verileri kullanarak araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla, 2001 yılında Uluslararası Sosyal
Bilimler Programı’nın (USBP) sosyal ağlar üzerine yaptığı anket verisi
kullanılmıştır. Bu veri, hipotezlerin uluslararası bir perspektifle
değerlendirilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Analiz, güç ve zenginlik için
mobilize edilen akrabalık ilişkileri ile duygusal destek için mobilize edilen
aile ve akrabalık bağı dışında oluşan ikincil 
ilişkilerin, kişiler arası güveni pozitif ve anlamlı şekilde
etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur.  Bu
bulgular ışığında, sosyal sermaye literatürünün günlük ilişkiler ve kişiler
arası güven arasında öngördüğü nedenselliğin kavramsal tartışması tekrar ele
alınmalıdır.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kişiler arası güven, bağlayıcı sosyal sermaye, köprü kurucu sosyal sermaye, bağ-seviyesinde veri, multinomial logit analizi

Kaynakça

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