The Farm Where Death Lightened the Facts: Body Farm

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 3, 144 - 149, 30.09.2021

Toygün Anıl Özesen , Kenan Kaya , Ziyaettin Erdem

https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.908157

Öz

TTaphonomy is the science that studies the burial process of living things. The first human taphonomy facility was developed in 1971 by Forensic Anthropologist Dr. William Bass at the University of Tennessee. In addition to better understanding the stages of the human corpse according to various situations, the facilities established for this purpose are also used for the training of law enforcement officers, the development of crime scene techniques and the realization of cadaver dog training. Many experiments related to the corpse and environment are carried out in these research centers and many data about possible situations can be obtained and more realistic inferences and more objective results can be obtained, as a result of which crime scene investigation, autopsy and detection methods are developed. Taphonomy Research Centers provide a controlled examination of the posthumous stages of corpses. In addition, it enables the determination of what changes will occur in the corpse as a result of exposure to various environmental factors, and how long it will be able to benefit from the biological samples to be taken. Rational results can be obtained due to its ability to provide a controlled experiment. Thanks to the data obtained, the development of new crime scene investigation training and techniques also enables the training of cadaver dogs. Since such centers are a constant source of information for scientific research and development, we believe that they should become more widespread.
Keywords: Postmortem changes; biodegradation; autopsy; crime victims

Anahtar Kelimeler

Postmortem Changes, Biodegradation, Autopsy, Crime Victims

Ölümün Gerçekleri Aydınlattığı Çiftlik: Vücut Çiftliği

Öz

Tafonomi, canlıların gömülme sürecini inceleyen bilim dalıdır. İlk insan tafonomi tesisi 1971’de Tennessee Üniversitesinde Adli Antropolog Dr. William Bass tarafından geliştirilmiştir. İnsan cesedinin çeşitli durumlara göre geçirdiği aşamaları daha iyi anlamanın yanı sıra bu amaçla kurulan tesisler, kolluk kuvvetlerinin eğitimi, olay yeri tekniklerinin geliştirilmesi ve kadavra köpek eğitimlerinin gerçekleştirilmesi amacıyla da kullanılmaktadır. Ceset ve ortam ilişkili birçok deney bu araştırma merkezlerinde yapılarak muhtemel durumlarla ilgili birçok veri elde edilerek daha gerçekçi çıkarımlar ve daha objektif sonuçlar elde edilebilmekte bunların sonucunda da olay yeri inceleme, otopsi, tespit yöntemleri geliştirilmektedir. Tafonomi Araştırma Merkezleri, kontrollü bir şekilde ölüm sonrası cesetlerin geçirdiği aşamaların incelenmesini sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca cesette, değişik çevresel etkenlere maruziyet sonucunda ne gibi değişiklikler olacağını, alınacak biyolojik örneklerden ne kadar süre yararlanabileceğinin belirlenmesini sağlamaktadır. Kontrollü deney imkanı sağlayabilmesi nedeniyle rasyonel sonuçlar elde edilebilmektedir. Elde edilen veriler sayesinde yeni olay yeri inceleme eğitim ve tekniklerinin geliştirilmesi ayrıca kadavra köpeklerinin eğitilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu gibi merkezler bilimsel araştırma ve geliştirme için sürekli bir bilgi kaynağı niteliği taşıdıklarından daha da yaygınlaşmaları gerektiği kanaatindeyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Postmortem Değişiklikler, Biyoyıkım, Otopsi, Cinayet Kurbanları

Kaynakça

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