Değişken pasif eleman rijitliği içeren bir Hill tipi kas modelinin simülasyonu ve performans analizi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1, 187 - 195

Faruk Örteş , Bahar Alanbel Ersin

Öz

Hill tipi kas modelleri başta kas-iskelet sistemleri simülasyonlarında esas alınan kas kuvvetlerinin hesaplanması olmak üzere kasların çeşitli biyomekanik ve fizyolojik özelliklerinin anlaşılmasında kullanılmaktadırlar. Klasik bir modelde kasılma birimi, paralel ve elastik elemanlar aracılığıyla kas yapısındaki aktin, miyozin, titin ve diğer proteinlerin etkileşimleri matematiksel olarak ifade edilmektedir. Ancak aktif uzama sonrası ortaya çıkan ve kas yapısındaki titin proteini ile ilişkilendirilen kalıntı kuvvet artışlarının bu tip reolojik modellerle simülasyonları yetersiz görünmektedir. Bu çalışmada klasik bir Hill tipi kas modeli için pasif eleman katılığındaki değişimin toplam kas kuvvetinde ve kalıntı kuvvet artışındaki rolü incelenmiştir. Pasif eleman için katılık değeri normal değerin yanı sıra kuvvet-uzunluk eğrisinde sağ ve sol kısımlara kaydırılmış ve model cevapları elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca farklı eksantrik kasılma hızları için de simülasyonlar tekrar edilmiş, tüm durumlar için kas kuvvetleri ve kalıntı kuvvet artışları hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar göz önüne alındığında, normal katılık için herhangi bir kalıntı kuvvet artışı gözlenmemiştir. Ancak aktivasyon ve uzamaya bağlı olarak pasif eleman katılığının sola kaydırıldığı durumlarda pozitif kalıntı kuvvet artışları elde edilmiştir. Buna göre pasif elemanların davranışındaki uygun modifikasyonlar kalıntı kuvvet artışı gibi deneysel özelliklerin simüle edilmesinde etkili olabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kas kuvveti, kalıntı kuvvet artışı, Hill tipi modeller, Kasılma hızı, Pasif kuvvet

Simulation and performance analysis of a Hill-type muscle model including variable passive element stiffness

Öz

Hill-type muscle models are used to perceive various biomechanical and physiological properties of muscles, particularly for calculating muscle forces used in simulations of the musculoskeletal systems. In a classical model, the interactions of actin, myosin, titin and other proteins in the muscle structure are expressed mathematically through the contractile unit, parallel and elastic elements. However, simulation of the residual force enhancement that occurs following active lengthening and thought to be associated with the titin protein in the muscle structure with such rheological models seems unsatisfactory. In this study, the role of changes in passive element stiffness in the total muscle force and residual force enhancement was investigated for a classical Hill-type muscle model. Besides its normal value, stiffness curve for the passive element was shifted to the right and left parts of the force-length relationship, and model responses were obtained. Furthermore, simulations were repeated for different eccentric contraction velocities, and muscle forces as well as residual force enhancements were calculated for all cases. Considering the results, none of residual force enhancement was observed for normal stiffness curves. However, in cases consisting of shift towards left due to activation and stretch, positive residual force enhancements were obtained. Accordingly, proper modifications in the behavior of passive elements can be effective in simulations of experimental properties such as residual force enhancement.

Anahtar Kelimeler

muscle force, Hill type models, Residual force enhancement, contraction velocity, Passive force

Kaynakça

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