Psikolojik Sahiplenmenin Öncülleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir Araştırma: Bilge Liderlik ve Yengeç Sendromu

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 127 - 139, 04.04.2024

Burcu Üzüm , Osman Seray Özkan

https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.1094944

Cited By: 1

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, alan yazında yeni kavramlar olan bilge liderlik ile yengeç sendromunun psikolojik sahiplenme üzerindeki etkisini kaynakları koruma teorisine dayandırarak incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada nicel bir yöntem izlenmiştir. Çalışma, psikolojik sahiplenmenin birey ve lider düzeyindeki öncüllerini ortaya koymak açısından önem taşımaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi, bankacılık sektöründe çalışan katılımcılardır. Veri toplama tekniği olarak anket yöntemi kullanılmış ve ortak metot varyans hatasını minimize etmek için anket formunda bağımlı değişkenlerin maddeleri, bağımsız değişkenlerden önce yer almıştır. Verilerin analizi, ön veri analizi ve hipotez testi olmak üzere iki aşamada gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ön veri analizinde, tanımlayıcı istatistiklere yer verilmiş, hipotez testinde ise Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (SEM)’nin iki adımlı süreci kullanılarak araştırma hipotezleri test edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgularda, bilge liderliğin psikolojik sahiplenmeyi pozitif, yengeç sendromunun ise negatif yordadığı gözlenmiştir. Kaynakları koruma teorisi kapsamında sonuçlar tartışılmış ve araştırmanın önerileri ile kısıtları belirtilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakları koruma teorisi, psikolojik sahiplenme, bilge liderlik, yengeç sendromu

An Empirical Research on the Antecedents of Psychological Ownership: Wise Leadership and the Crab Syndrome

Öz

The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of wise leadership and the crab syndrome, which are new concepts in the literature, on psychological ownership within the scope of the conservation of resources theory. For this purpose, a quantitative method was followed in the study. The study is significant since it was conducted to reveal the antecedents of psychological ownership at the level of individuals and leaders. The sample of the research is the participants working in the banking sector. The questionnaire method was used as the data collection technique, and the items of the dependent variables took place before the independent variables in the questionnaire form to minimize the common method variance error. The analysis of the data was carried out in two stages such as preliminary data analysis and hypothesis testing. While descriptive statistics were included in the preliminary data analysis, research hypotheses were tested using the two-step process of the Structural Equation Model (SEM) in hypothesis testing. In the obtained findings, it was observed that wise leadership predicted psychological ownership positively, and crab syndrome negatively. Within the scope of the conservation of resources theory, the results were discussed, and the recommendations and limitations of the research were stated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Conservation of resources theory, psychological ownership, wise leadership, crab syndrome

Kaynakça

• Anderson, J. C., and Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 411-423.
• Aslan, H. (2020). Hizmetkar liderliğin iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisinde psikolojik sahiplenmenin aracı rolü. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 8(1), 196-212.
• Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., Crossley,C. D. and Luthans, F. (2009). Psychological ownership: Theoretical extensions, measurement and relation to work outcomes. J. Organiz. Behav. 30, 173-191.
• Bagozzi, R. P., and Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74-94.
• Bedawy, E. E. (2015). A review for embedding human dimension of sustainability to maintain energetic organizations in Egypt. Journal of Management and Sustainability, 5(1), 158-167.
• Bekmezci, M., and Yıldız, B. (2019). How paternalistic leadership affects psychological ownership? Mediator role of collective gratitude. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 18(35), 309-324.
• Brislin, A. R. W. (1980). Translation and content analysis of oral and written material. H.C. Triandis & J.W. Berry (Ed.) içinde Handbook of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2, (s.389-444). Allyn & Bacon: Boston.
• Brown, G., Pierce, J. L., and Crossley, C. (2014). Toward an understanding of the development of ownership feelings. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35, 318-338.
• Butt, S. and Atif, M. (2015). Explorıng the role of organizational justice as an antecedent of psychological ownership. VFAST Transactions on Education and Social Sciences 3(1), 2411-0221.
• Bülbül, A. (2019). Katılımcı liderlik ile örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı ilişkisinde psikolojik sahiplenmenin rolüne ilişkin sağlık sektöründe bir araştırma. (Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
• Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, New York, NY.
• Caples, C. (2016). Does the “Crabs in bucket syndrome” still exist?. https://medium.com/@CEOCaples/does-the-crabs-in-a-bucket-syndrome-still-exist-written-by-derrick-ceo-caples-4b823b2297ff (Access Date: 10.11.2018).
• Chen, C. J., and Huang, J. W. (2009). Strategic human resource practices and innovation performance—The mediating role of knowledge management capacity. Journal of Business Research, 62(1), 104-114.
• Chen, P. (2010). Yin and yang theory of competition: social comparison and evaluation apprehension reciprocally drive competitive motivation. (A thesis) Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science with Honors in Psychology and Organizational Studies from the College of Literature, Science and the Arts at the Univesity of Michigan, Michigan.
• Chi, N-W. and Han, T-S. (2008). Exploring the linkages between formal ownership and psychological ownership for the organization: The mediating role of organizational justice. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 81, 691-711.
• Davenport, T. H., and Prusak, L. (1998). Working knowledge: How organizations manage what they know. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press.
• DeVellis, R. F. (2003). Scale development: Theory and applications (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
• Ding, W., Choi, E., and Aoyama, A. (2019). Relational study of wise (phronetic) leadership, knowledge management capability, and innovation performance. Asia Pacific Management Review, 24, 310-317.
• Ghorpade, J., Lackritz, J. and Singh, G. (2007). Burnout and personality: Evidence from academia. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(2), 240-256.
• Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., and Anderson, R. (2010). Multivariate data analysis. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.
• Halbesleben, J. R. B., Neveu, J. P., Paustian-Underdahl, S. C., and Westman, M. (2014). Getting to the “COR”: Understanding the role of resources in conservation of resources theory. Journal of Management, 40(5), 1334-1364. DOI: 10.1177/0149206314527130
• Halbesleben, J. R. B., and Buckley, M. R. (2004). Burnout in organizational life. Journal of Management, 30, 859-879.
• Hamaya, S., and Oya, T. (2013). Phronetic leaders: Designing new business, organization and society. Fujitsu Scientific & Technical Journal, 49(4), 402-406.
• Hobfoll, S. E. (2001). The influence of culture, community, and the nested self in the stress process: Advancing conservation of resources theory. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 50: 337-370.
• Hobfoll, S. E., Halbesleben, J., Neveu, J. P., and Westman, M. (2018). Conservation of resources in the organizational context: The reality of resources and their consequences. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 5, 103-128.
• Igbaakaa, J. A. (2019). Influence of psychological ownership, locus of control and leadership styles on deviant behaviour among staff of benue state internal revenue service. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis (Phd), Benue State University, Makurdı, In Industrial And Organisational Psychology.
• Jung, S., and Yoo, T. (2018). Relationship between role stress and employee silence behavior: The mediating effect of psychological ownership and moderating effect of perceived supervisor support. Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 31(2), 433-457.
• Kessler, R. C., Turner, J. B. and House, R. H. (1988). Effects of unemployment on health in a community survey: Main, mediating, and modifying effects. Journal of Social Issues, 44, 69-86.
• Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Guilford Publications.
• Köksal, H. (2019). Proaktif kişiliğin yenilikçi davranışla olan ilişkisinde psikolojik sahiplenmenin aracılık rolü: Bir hava yolu şirketi örneği. (Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Gebze Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Gebze.
• Ladan, S, Nordin, NB and Belal, HM (2017). Does knowledge based psychological ownership matter? Transformational leadership and knowledge hiding: A proposed framework. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research, 11 (4), 60-67.
• Lith, L. V. (2017). Breaking the pattern: Women leading social movement organizations in the Netherlands. (Master Thesis Sociology). Universiteit Van Amsterdam, Amsterdam.
• MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., and Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Methods, 1(2), 130-149.
• MacIntyre, A. (1999). Dependent rational animals: Why human beings need the virtues. Chicago: Open Court.
• Malhotra, N., and Dash, S. (2011). Marketing research an applied orientation. Pearson Publishing: London.
• Martín-de-Castro, G., and Montoro-Sánchez, Á. (2013). Exploring knowledge creation and transfer in the firm: Context and leadership. Universia Business Review, 40, 126-137.
• Mehmood, S. A., Malik, M. A. R., Akhtar, M. S., Faraz, N. A. and Memon, M. A. (2021). Organizational justice, psychological ownership and organizational embeddedness: a conservation of resources perspective. International Journal of Manpower, 42(8), 1420-1439.
• Melamed, S., Shirom, A., Toker, S., Berliner, and S., Shapira, I. (2006). Burnout and risk of cardiovascular disease: Evidence, possible causal paths, and promising research directions. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 327-353.
• Miller, C. D. (2019). Exploring the crabs in the barrel syndrome in organizations. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 26(3), 352-371.
• Nazir, S., Shafi, A., Atif, M. M., Qun, W. and Abdullah, S. M. (2019). How organization justice and perceived organizational support facilitate employees’ innovative behavior at work. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 41(6), 1288-1311.
• Nonaka, I., and Takeuchi, H. (2011). The big idea: The wise leader. Harvard Business Review, 89(5), 58-67.
• Nonaka, I., Krogh, G. V., and Voelpel, S. (2006). Organizational knowledge creation theory: Evolutionary paths and future. Advances Organization Studies 27(8), 1179-1208.
• Owens, B. P., Baker, W. E., Sumpter, D. M. and Cameron, K. S. (2016). Relational energy at work: Implications for job engagement and job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(1), 35-49.
• Ozdemir, Y., and Uzum, B. (2019). Crab syndrome. E. Kaygin ve G. Kosa (Ed.), Olumsuz Boyutlarıyla Örgütsel Davranış (125-138). Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi.
• Özcan, H. M. and Özdemir, B. (2022). Perceived ethical leadership’s moderating role in psychological empowerment’s effect on psychological ownership: A banking sector study. Turkish Journal of Business Ethics, 15(1), 150-183.
• Özkan, O. S., Üzüm, B. and Gülbahar, Y. (2022). Reflection of crab syndrome on innovative behaviors: Mediator role of perceived organizational support and an application in information technologies enterprises. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 23(2), 329-343.
• Özkan, O. S., Üzüm, B., Çakan, S., Güzel, M., and Gülbahar, Y. (2023). Exploring the outcomes of servant leadership under the mediating role of relational energy and the moderating role of other-focused interest. European Business Review, (in press)
• Pegues, A. D. (2018). An investigation into the social and individual conditions that promote instigated acts of workplace incivility between black professionals. (Doctoral thesis) Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. Columbia: Columbia University.
• Penny, L. M., Hunter, E. M. and Perry, S. J. (2011). Personality and counterproductive work behaviour: Using conservation of resources theory to narrow the profile of deviant employees. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84, 58-77.
• Pierce, J. L., Kostova, T., and Dirks, K. T. (2001). Toward a theory of psychological ownership in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 26, 298-310.
• Pierce, J. L., Kostova, T., and Dirks, K. T. (2003). The state of psychological ownership: Integrating and extending a century of research. Review of General Psychology, 7, 84-107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.7.1.84
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y. and Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 879-903.
• Rooney, D., McKenna, B., and Liesch, P. (2010). Wisdom and management in the knowledge economy. London, England: Routledge.
• Rothbard, N. (2001). Enriching or depleting? The dynamics of engagement in work and family roles. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46(4), 655-684.
• Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., and Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74.
• Su, X. and Ng, S. M. (2019). The differential impacts of collective psychological ownership and membership ıdentification on work burnout and engagement. Journal of Social Servıce Research, 45(1), 44-58.
• Tagle, J. P. (2021). Crab mentality – where does it come from?, https://usa.inquirer.net/61656/crab-mentality-where-does-it-come-from (Access Date: 24.01.2021).
• Tajfel, H., and Turner, J. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In S. Worchel, & W. Austin (Eds.). Psychology of Intergroup Relations (pp. 7–24.). Chicago: Nelson Hall.
• Taş, M. A. and Alparslan, A. M. (2020). Postmodern zamanın beklentisi: Bilge liderlik. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 131-149.
• Thomas, S. (2017). A critical evaluation of phrónêsis as a key tool for professional excellence for modern managers. Natıonal Conference On New Paradıgms In Business & Management.
• Üzüm, B. and Özkan, O. S (2022). Job embeddedness antecedents in the context of resource conservation theory: Crab syndrome and ıntrusion. Pasific Business Review International, 15(2), 39-48.
• Üzüm, B. ve Özdemir, Y. (2022). Yengeç sendromu ve güç mesafesi ilişkisi. (Ed. E. Kaygın, O. Kavak, E. Topçuoğlu) Örgütsel Davranışta Ölçek Araştırmaları I, 187-200. Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi.
• Üzüm, B., and Özdemir, Y. (2020). Yengeç sendromu “Ben yapamazsam sen de yapamazsin”: Ölçek geliştirme çalışması crab syndrome “If I can’t do it, you can’t do it”: Scale development study. Journal of Organizational Behavior Research, 5(2), 241-252.
• Üzüm, B., Özdemir, Y., Köse, S., Özkan, O. S. and Şeneldir, O. (2022a). Crab barrel syndrome: Looking through the lens of type A and type B personality theory and social comparison process. Frontiers in Psychology, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.792137.
• Üzüm, B., Özkan, O. S. and Gülbahar, Y. (2022b). Adaptation of the phronetic (Wise) leadership scale to Turkish. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 14(3), 1795-1803.
• Vanharanta, H., Einolander, J., Kantola, J., Markopoulos, E. and Sivula, A. (2021) Phronetic leadership style evaluation with a fuzzy logic application, Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 22(3), 317-337, DOI: 10.1080/1463922X.2020.1768319
• Vera, D., and Crossan, M. (2004). Strategic leadership and organizational learning. Academy of Management Review, 29(2), 222-240.
• Wheeler, A. R., Halbesleben, J. R., and Whitman, M. V. (2013). The interactive effects of abusive supervision and entitlement on emotional exhaustion and co-worker abuse. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86, 477-496.