Hasat Kaybı Ölçüm Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 1, 64 - 75, 29.06.2023

Yasemin Vurarak

https://doi.org/10.18615/anadolu.1299086

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı, bazı tarla bitkilerinde hasat kayıplarının ölçülmesinde kullanılan farklı yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, gerçek tarla şartlarında biçerdöver operatörü ve üretici inisiyatifi altında yapılan hasatlarda 3 farklı kayıp ölçme yöntemi kullanılarak elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. Mısır ve soyanın biçerdöverle hasadında, ekim sırasına paralel 1 m2 çerçeve (1. yöntem) , ekim sırasına dik 1 m2 çerçeve (2. yöntem) ve üççeyrek m2 (3. yöntem), pamuğun ise pamuk toplama makinası ile hasadında ise 1. ve 2. yöntemler kullanılarak hasat kayıpları hesaplanmıştır. Ölçümlerde 3 yöntem için aynı tarlada 50m x 50m ebatlarında oluşturulan 5 grit kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda, mısır için ölçülen kayıplar 1, 2, 3. yöntemlere göre sırasıyla %2.8, %3.4 ve %4.7, soyada %1.5, 2. %2.1 ve %4.4 ve pamukta %4.7 ve %4.6 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. 1. Yöntemden 3. Yönteme doğru hesaplanan kayıpların arttığı ve mısırda 1 ve 3. yöntemler arasında %59,6 oranında, soyada ise %33.5 oranında hesaplanan kayıplarda farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Pamuk hasat kayıpları ölçümünde ise 1. ve 2. Yöntemler arasında bir farklılık tespit edilememiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ürün kayıpları, hasat makinaları, dökülme kayıpları, mısır, pamuk, soya

Destekleyen Kurum

Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute, ADANA

Proje Numarası

Rapor

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Bitkisel Üretimi Destekleme Genel Müdürlüğünün talebi üzerine tarafımdan yürütülmüş ve raporlanmıştır.

A Comparison of Harvest Loss Measurement Methods

Öz

The aim of the study is to compare the 3 different methods that used to measure harvest losses under real field conditions for corn, soybean and cotton. A 1 m2 frame parallel to the planting row spacing (Method 1: M1), 1 m2 frame perpendicular to the planting row spacing (Method 2: M2) and three quarter m2 (Method 3: M3) were used to calculate harvest losses. This M1, M2, and M3 methods were used to calculate the losses in the harvest of corn and soybean with combine harvester. Then the M1 and M2 methods were used to calculate the losses when harvesting cotton with a cotton picker. 5 grids were established in the same field measuring 50mx50m for the M1, M2 and M3. The losses measured for corn at the end of the study were 2.8%, 3.4% and 4.7%; 1.5%, 2.1% and 4.4% for soybean respectively, according to M1, M2, and M3 methods. The losses measured for cotton 4.7% and 4.6%, respectively, according to M1, M2 methods. It was determined that losses calculated from the M1 to the M3 increased and that there was a difference in the calculated losses by 59.6% between the M1 and M3 for corn and 33.5% for soybean. There was no difference between the M1 and M2 for cotton.

Anahtar Kelimeler

crop losses, harvest machinery, shatter losses, corn, cotton, soybean

Proje Numarası

Rapor

Kaynakça

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