KİŞİSEL SÜS EŞYALARI KİMLİKLER HAKKINDA NE SÖYLER? METODOLOJİK YAKLAŞIMLAR VE ANADOLU VE LEVANT’TAN ARKEOLOJİK ÖRNEKLER

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 48, 1 - 44, 22.12.2022

Sera Yelözer

https://doi.org/10.36891/anatolia.1098690

Öz

Bu çalışma, tarihöncesinde kişisel süs eşyalarının bedende taşınan ve bireyler, topluluklar ve uzak mesafeler arasında dolaşımda olan objeler olarak sosyal kimlikleri simgelemedeki rolünü ele almaktadır. Bu yorumlamaların yapılabilmesinin ön koşulu, günümüzde arkeolojide gittikçe yaygınlaşan çeşitli metodolojik yaklaşımların uygulanmasıdır. Kişisel süs eşyalarının hammadde temini, üretim süreçleri ve kimlikler gibi tarihöncesi arkeolojisi için anahtar konular hakkında neler söyleyebileceğini çözümlemek için gerekli analitik yaklaşımlara ve yorumlama biçimlerimizi zenginleştirebilecek olan etnografik örneklere dair Türkçe literatüre de katkı sunmak amacıyla, çalışmanın ilk kısmında arkeolojide kişisel süs eşyalarına dair yaklaşımlar tartışılmakta, uygulanmakta olan analitik yöntemler ile Anadolu arkeolojisinde kişisel süs eşyası çalışmaları kısaca ele alınmakta ve ardından, kişisel süs eşyalarının kimlikler ve etkileşim kavramlarıyla iç içe geçmiş ilişkisi, çeşitli etnografik örneklerle vurgulanmaktadır. Bu arka planın ardından, Anadolu ve Levant’ta Paleolitik Dönem’den Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik Dönem sonuna dek uzun erimli bir bakışla, tarihöncesinde kimliklerin, deniz kabukları, taşlar ve minerallerden üretilmiş boncukların zamansal ve bölgesel dağılımında görülen devamlılık ve değişim eğilimleriyle ilişkisi ele alınmakta ve sosyal kimliği teknoloji ve uzmanlaşma kavramlarıyla birlikte nasıl okuyabileceğimiz tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tarihöncesi arkeolojisi, materyal kültür, kişisel süs eşyaları, kimlik, teknoloji ve uzmanlaşma

Destekleyen Kurum

İstanbul Üniversitesi

Proje Numarası

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Teşekkür

Bu çalışma İstanbul Üniversitesi Tarih Öncesi Arkeolojisi Anabilim Dalı’nda devam eden doktora tez çalışmama dayanmaktadır. Öncelikle tez danışmanım Mihriban Özbaşaran’a tüm desteklerinden ötürü minnettarım. Melis Uzdurum ve Güneş Duru’ya fikirleri ve destekleri için teşekkür ederim. Emma Baysal ve Hala Alarashi’ye, tarihöncesi boncuk teknolojileri üzerine gerçekleştirdiğim çalışmalarda desteklerini, tecrübelerini ve bilgilerini daima benimle paylaştıkları için teşekkür etmek isterim. Figür 2 ve 3’te yer alan görsellerin bir kısmı, Emma Baysal, Daniella Bar-Yosef Mayer, Hala Alarashi ve Teresa Steele’in çalışmalarından yeniden üretilmiştir. Bu görselleri kullanmama izin verdikleri için kendilerine ve yayınevlerine teşekkür ederim.

WHAT CAN PERSONAL ORNAMENTS SAY ABOUT IDENTITIES? METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL INSIGHTS FROM ANATOLIA AND THE LEVANT

Öz

This study focuses on the role of prehistoric personal ornaments in signifying social identities as objects that were often carried on bodies and circulated between individuals, communities, and long distances. Interpreting how prehistoric personal ornamentation relates to issues of identity relies heavily on the application of several methodological approaches that are nowadays widely used in archaeology. Aiming to unravel what personal ornaments can say about some key questions of prehistoric archaeology, e.g., raw material acquisition, production processes, and identities, as well as contributing to the Turkish literature on the methods applied in the study of personal ornaments, this study starts with a discussion of approaches and introduces current analytical methodologies with a brief discussion of the state of research in Anatolian archaeology. This is followed by an ethnographic background on the centrality of personal ornaments in discussing identities and interaction. Finally, focusing on examples ranging from the Palaeolithic to the end of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period in Anatolia and the Levant, this study provides a long-term perspective on the relationship between identities and elements that endured and changed in the chronological and regional distributions of beads made from shells, stones and minerals. This is followed by a discussion of how concepts of technology and specialization can contribute to an understanding of social identities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Prehistoric archaeology, material culture, personal ornaments, identity, technology and craft specialization

Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

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