Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 150 - 155, 31.08.2020
Nilgün Tuncel Çini
,
Nazan Güner Sak
Senem Turan Özdemir
İlknur Arı
Kaynakça
- Karaaslan D, Altinisik U, Peker TT, Nayir E, Ozmen S. External jugular vein catheterization using ‘intra-atrial electrocardiogram’. Yonsei Med J 2009;50:222–6.
- Pangouli E, Tsaraklis A, Gazouli I, Venieratos D. An unusual termination of seven veins in the jugulo-subclavian junction. Int J Morphol 2009;27:1257–60.
- Arıncı K, Elhan A. Anatomi. 5th ed. Ankara: Güneş Kitapevi; 2005. p.87–9.
- Nayak BS, Soumya KV. Abnormal formation and communication of external jugular vein. International Journal of Anatomical Variations 2008;1:15–6.
- Olabu BO, Loyal PK, Matiko BW, Nderitu JM, Misiani MK, Ogeng’o JA. Variant anatomy of the external jugular vein. Anatomy Journal of Africa 2015;4:518–27.
- Patil J, Kumar N, Swamy RS, D’Souza MR, Guru A, Nayak SB. Absence of retromandibular vein associated with atypical formation of external jugular vein in the parotid region. Anat Cell Biol 2014;47:135–7.
- Deepak CA, Sarvadnya JJ, Sabitha KS. Variant anatomy of internal jugular vein branching. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2015;5: 284–6.
- Maneenai N, Arjhansiri K. CT evaluations of anatomical variations of the internal jugular veins in Thai adults. Asian Biomedicine 2013; 7:803–11.
- Pai M, Vadgaonkar R, Prabhu L, Shetty P. The different termination patterns of the facial vein – a cadaveric study. F›rat Medical Journal 2008;13:32–4.
- Choudhry R, Tuli A, Choudhry S. Facial vein terminating in the external jugular vein. An embryologic interpretation. Surg Radiol Anat 1997;19:73–7.
- Tubbs S, Shoja MM, Loukas M, (editors). Bergman’s comprehensive encyclopedia of human anatomic variation. Hoboken (NJ): Wiley Blackwell; 2016. p. 821–5.
- Deslaugiers B, Vaysse P, Combes JM, Guitard J, Moscovici J, Visentin M, Vardon D, Becue J. Contribution to the study of the tributaries and the termination of the external jugular vein. Surg Radiol Anat 1994;16:173–7.
- Haas F, Weiglein A. Section two: conventional workhorse flaps. In: Chan FC, Mardini S, editors. Flaps and reconstructive surgery. China: Elsevier, 157–73.
- Tellez-Hernandez LV, Tibduiza-Rodriguez IA, Ferreira-Arquez H. Unilateral anatomical variation in the venous drainage of face and neck. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2019;11: 1152–5.
- Pyrigakis P, Panagouli E, Venieratos D. Anomalous origin and course of the suprascapular artery combined with absence of the suprascapular vein: case study and clinical implications. North American Journal of Medical Sciences 2013;5:129–33.
- Panagouli E, Tsirigoti A, Kotsira G, Demesticha T, Skandalakis P, Troupis T, Filippou D. An unusual bilateral duplication of the suprscapular vein and its relation to the superior transversescapular ligament revealed by Anatomage Table. Acta Med Acad 2019;48: 307–11.
- Gupta V, Tuli A, Choudhry R, Agarwal S. Facial vein draining into external jugular vein in humans: its variations, phylogenetic retention and clinical relevance. Surg Radiol Anat 2003;25:36–41.
- Krmpotic-Nemanic J, Draf W, Helms J. 1988. Surgical anatomy of head and neck. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
- Ghosh S, Mandal L, Roy S, Bandyopadhyay. Two rare anatomical variations of external jugular vein – an embryological overview. International Journal of Morphology 2012;30:821–4.
- Mehra S, Kaul JM, Das S. Unusual venous drainage pattern of face: a case report. J Anat Soc India 2003;52:64–5.
- Gupta N, Jain P, Anshu A, Samta. An undivided retromandibular vein receiving facial and posterior auricular vein: case report and clinical repercussion. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research 2013;7:710–15.
- Vani PC, Rajasekhar SSSN, Gladwin V. Unusual and multiple variations of head and neck veins: a case report. Surg Radiol Anat 2019; 41:535–38.
- Gupta V, Tuli A, Choudhary R, Agarwal S, Mangal A. Facial vein draining into external jugular vein in humans: its variations, phylogenetic retention and clinical relevance. Surg Radiol Anat 2003;25: 36–41.
- Gogolev MP. The treatment of hydrocephalus by ventriculojugular shunting. Zhurnal Voprosy Neirokhirurgii Imeni N.N. Burdenko 1993;3:24–6.
- Sabharwal P, Mukherjee D. Autogenous common facial vein or external jugular vein patch for carotid endarterectomy. Cardiovasc Surg 1998;6:594–97.
Multiple variations of superficial and deep veins in the neck region of a cadaver: a case report
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 150 - 155, 31.08.2020
Nilgün Tuncel Çini
,
Nazan Güner Sak
Senem Turan Özdemir
İlknur Arı
Öz
Multiple variations on the right side of the neck of a 65-year-old male cadaver were observed during a routine dissection. The cadaver had no sign of facial trauma or previous surgery. The facial vein had a communicating branch with the internal jugular vein and distally drained into the jugulo-subclavian confluence via a common trunk with external jugular vein. Other superficial veins of the neck drained into the brachiocephalic vein separately. On the contrary, no anatomical variation was observed on the left side. Even if the variations of the head and neck are common, more than one variation in a single cadaver unilaterally is remarkable. We suggest that it is important for surgeons to examine the patients with ultrasound before any clinical interventions on the neck to determine the possible variations beforehand.
Kaynakça
- Karaaslan D, Altinisik U, Peker TT, Nayir E, Ozmen S. External jugular vein catheterization using ‘intra-atrial electrocardiogram’. Yonsei Med J 2009;50:222–6.
- Pangouli E, Tsaraklis A, Gazouli I, Venieratos D. An unusual termination of seven veins in the jugulo-subclavian junction. Int J Morphol 2009;27:1257–60.
- Arıncı K, Elhan A. Anatomi. 5th ed. Ankara: Güneş Kitapevi; 2005. p.87–9.
- Nayak BS, Soumya KV. Abnormal formation and communication of external jugular vein. International Journal of Anatomical Variations 2008;1:15–6.
- Olabu BO, Loyal PK, Matiko BW, Nderitu JM, Misiani MK, Ogeng’o JA. Variant anatomy of the external jugular vein. Anatomy Journal of Africa 2015;4:518–27.
- Patil J, Kumar N, Swamy RS, D’Souza MR, Guru A, Nayak SB. Absence of retromandibular vein associated with atypical formation of external jugular vein in the parotid region. Anat Cell Biol 2014;47:135–7.
- Deepak CA, Sarvadnya JJ, Sabitha KS. Variant anatomy of internal jugular vein branching. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2015;5: 284–6.
- Maneenai N, Arjhansiri K. CT evaluations of anatomical variations of the internal jugular veins in Thai adults. Asian Biomedicine 2013; 7:803–11.
- Pai M, Vadgaonkar R, Prabhu L, Shetty P. The different termination patterns of the facial vein – a cadaveric study. F›rat Medical Journal 2008;13:32–4.
- Choudhry R, Tuli A, Choudhry S. Facial vein terminating in the external jugular vein. An embryologic interpretation. Surg Radiol Anat 1997;19:73–7.
- Tubbs S, Shoja MM, Loukas M, (editors). Bergman’s comprehensive encyclopedia of human anatomic variation. Hoboken (NJ): Wiley Blackwell; 2016. p. 821–5.
- Deslaugiers B, Vaysse P, Combes JM, Guitard J, Moscovici J, Visentin M, Vardon D, Becue J. Contribution to the study of the tributaries and the termination of the external jugular vein. Surg Radiol Anat 1994;16:173–7.
- Haas F, Weiglein A. Section two: conventional workhorse flaps. In: Chan FC, Mardini S, editors. Flaps and reconstructive surgery. China: Elsevier, 157–73.
- Tellez-Hernandez LV, Tibduiza-Rodriguez IA, Ferreira-Arquez H. Unilateral anatomical variation in the venous drainage of face and neck. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2019;11: 1152–5.
- Pyrigakis P, Panagouli E, Venieratos D. Anomalous origin and course of the suprascapular artery combined with absence of the suprascapular vein: case study and clinical implications. North American Journal of Medical Sciences 2013;5:129–33.
- Panagouli E, Tsirigoti A, Kotsira G, Demesticha T, Skandalakis P, Troupis T, Filippou D. An unusual bilateral duplication of the suprscapular vein and its relation to the superior transversescapular ligament revealed by Anatomage Table. Acta Med Acad 2019;48: 307–11.
- Gupta V, Tuli A, Choudhry R, Agarwal S. Facial vein draining into external jugular vein in humans: its variations, phylogenetic retention and clinical relevance. Surg Radiol Anat 2003;25:36–41.
- Krmpotic-Nemanic J, Draf W, Helms J. 1988. Surgical anatomy of head and neck. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
- Ghosh S, Mandal L, Roy S, Bandyopadhyay. Two rare anatomical variations of external jugular vein – an embryological overview. International Journal of Morphology 2012;30:821–4.
- Mehra S, Kaul JM, Das S. Unusual venous drainage pattern of face: a case report. J Anat Soc India 2003;52:64–5.
- Gupta N, Jain P, Anshu A, Samta. An undivided retromandibular vein receiving facial and posterior auricular vein: case report and clinical repercussion. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research 2013;7:710–15.
- Vani PC, Rajasekhar SSSN, Gladwin V. Unusual and multiple variations of head and neck veins: a case report. Surg Radiol Anat 2019; 41:535–38.
- Gupta V, Tuli A, Choudhary R, Agarwal S, Mangal A. Facial vein draining into external jugular vein in humans: its variations, phylogenetic retention and clinical relevance. Surg Radiol Anat 2003;25: 36–41.
- Gogolev MP. The treatment of hydrocephalus by ventriculojugular shunting. Zhurnal Voprosy Neirokhirurgii Imeni N.N. Burdenko 1993;3:24–6.
- Sabharwal P, Mukherjee D. Autogenous common facial vein or external jugular vein patch for carotid endarterectomy. Cardiovasc Surg 1998;6:594–97.